House dust allergy

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Classification according to ICD-10
J30.3 Other allergic rhinopathy
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019)

As a dust allergy or (more accurately) house dust mite allergy is called sensitization and allergic reaction to the excrement from house dust mites , the rhinitis , itching and allergic asthma can cause. House dust allergy is the expression of a parasitosis . A number of measures can be taken to avoid or alleviate symptoms.

Symptoms and ailments

The symptoms of dust allergies are often permanent cold and sneezing , itchy eyes, and swollen, watery conjunctiva, itching of the ears, neck pain, itching , or swelling of the nose or throat, in some cases, asthmatic reactions such as asthmatic cough .

An allergic runny nose can develop into asthma after years . One then speaks of changing floors .

causes

House dust mite ( Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus )

The animals that are only visible under the microscope - especially Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae  - feed on skin scales (Dermatophagoides = skin eater), of which every person loses around 1.5 g per day.

It is an allergy that is not caused by the house dust itself, but by the excrement of house dust mites that live in the dust. The most important allergens of the European house dust mite are Der p 1 and Der p 2 , as well as Der f 1 and Eur m 1 .

Scientists from the 'Molecular Allergology and Immunomodulation' working group at the Charité in Berlin, together with researchers from the Medical University of Vienna , discovered that IgE antibodies against three house dust mite molecules called 'Der p 1', 'Der p 2' and 'Der p 23' could often be measured before the disease was clinically evident.

treatment

Again and again in the past, allergists have suggested that specific immunotherapy ( desensitization ) carried out at an early stage can protect house dust mite allergy sufferers from further allergies. There are a number of studies on the effectiveness of such preparations in the case of house dust mite allergies, particularly in children.

On the basis of these long-term studies, the three professional associations DGAKI, ÄDA and GPA recommend in their therapy guidelines (Kleine-Tebbe 2006): “Preventive aspects, in particular a reduced risk of asthma and less re-sensitization, are essential when deciding on SCIT (subcutaneous specific immunotherapy) to be considered. "

Preventive measures to reduce symptoms

FFP3 respirator
This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.
Article on dust mites provides individual evidence that some of the measures listed below (e.g. regulating humidity) do not weaken symptoms

The following measures are recommended:

  • Wearing a respirator , e.g. B. when textiles are knocked out (bagged) as well as when sweeping dust or for symptom-free sleep.
  • Vacuum regularly; However, those who are allergic to house dust should avoid "stirring up" a lot of dust : vacuuming is better than sweeping, dusting only with a damp cloth. If possible, the person concerned should not vacuum himself; It is advisable to ventilate well during this housework and to use a vacuum cleaner suitable for allergy sufferers exclusively with dust emission class A (often with HEPA filter ) or central vacuum systems.
  • wipe with a damp cloth
  • Keep air humidity permanently low by ventilating
  • Change mattresses, beds, pillows and use boil-proof / allergy-friendly products
  • When using non-washable / boil-proof bedding, we recommend using so-called encasing (washable covers for pillows, blankets and mattresses)
  • Mite-impermeable covers for mattresses, blankets and pillows or washable mattresses / pillows
  • for ventilation systems: regular maintenance of the filters
  • Wash curtains and clean radiators (preferably damp), especially for flat and compact radiators inside and behind
  • Remove plush toys, upholstered furniture and other "dust catchers" from the bedroom
  • Wipe smooth floors with a damp cloth frequently (at least every other day) or use carpets. This means that less dust is raised
  • A preventive measure against the droppings of dust mites to the-counter in pharmacies Niem be Spray, with the mattresses and bedding can be sprayed regularly every six months. The substance azadirachtin contained in neem oil has a certain effect as an acaricide . There are also anti- mite sprays, cinnamon oil sprays and sprays containing benzyl benzoate, which have a limited mite-killing (acaricidal) effect. The effectiveness of neem oil is questioned, so far there are only anecdotal and preliminary indications of a possible effectiveness in house dust allergy. In a scientific comparative study it was not possible to prove an effect of acaricides against allergic asthma caused by house dust mites.

literature

  • Wilfried Diebschlag , Brunhilde Diebschlag: House dust allergies. Health and hygienic aspects. 2nd Edition. Herbert Utz Verlag, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-89675-931-0 .
  • Harald Schicke: Treating house dust mite allergy successfully. 4th edition. MZ Verlag, London / Scheeßel 1997, ISBN 3-89240-119-5 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Karl Drößler, Diethard Gemsa: Dictionary of immunology. 3. Edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, 2000, ISBN 3-8274-0897-0 , p. 109.
  2. ↑ Antje Burkert, Daniel Bergenthal, Hemasse Amiri, supervision: Joachim Mankertz: Der p 1 - an allergen of the house dust mite. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Freie Universität Berlin: Benjamin Franklin University Hospital (Institute for Clinical Physiology), November 16, 2000, archived from the original on October 27, 2016 ; accessed on November 29, 2018 .
  3. ↑ Clinic for Pediatrics m. S. Pneumology and Immunology ( Memento of the original from October 27, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 27, 2016 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.charite-ppi.de
  4. ↑ P. Altmeyer: The online encyclopedia of dermatology, venereology, allergology and environmental medicine . Retrieved October 27, 2016
  5. ↑ Charité press release of October 25, 2016: Molecular origins of house dust mite allergy discovered . Original publication : doi: 10.1016 / j.jaci.2016.08.014 Retrieved October 27, 2016
  6. ↑ GB Pajno, G. Barberio u. a .: Prevention of new sensitizations in asthmatic children monosensitized to house dust mite by specific immunotherapy. A six-year follow-up study. In: Clinical and Experimental Allergy . Volume 31, Number 9, September 2001, pp. 1392-1397, ISSN  0954-7894 . PMID 11591189 .
  7. ^ A. Inal, DU Altintas, M. Yilmaz, GB Karakoc, SG Kendirli, Y. Sertdemir: Prevention of new sensitizations by specific immunotherapy in children with rhinitis and / or asthma monosensitized to house dust mite. In: J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 17 (2), 2007, pp. 85-91. PMID 17460946 .
  8. ↑ a b daab.de
  9. ↑ Allergy to house dust mites - tips for prevention. Retrieved January 12, 2015 .
  10. ^ Clare S. Murray, Philip Foden, Helen Sumner, Elizabeth Shepley, Adnan Custovic: Preventing Severe Asthma Exacerbations in Children. A Randomized Trial of Mite-Impermeable Bedcovers . In: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine . tape 196 , no. 2 , March 10, 2017, ISSN  1073-449X , p. 150–158 , doi : 10.1164 / rccm.201609-1966oc ( atsjournals.org [accessed August 29, 2017]).
  11. ↑ Mites killers. The mites are laughing there. ( Memento from September 7, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) In: ÖKO-TEST Yearbook Health for 2004.
  12. ^ PC Gøtzsche, HK Johansen: House dust mite control measures for asthma (Review). In: The Cochrane Library . No. 2, 2008. Published by JohnWiley & Sons. PMID 18425868