Hehn (Mönchengladbach)

Hehn City of Mönchengladbach
Coordinates: 51 ° 11 ′ 3 ″  N , 6 ° 22 ′ 19 ″  E
Height :	76 m
Area :	2.64 km²
Residents :	1693  (Sep 30, 2015)
Population density :	642 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	January 1, 1921
Postcodes :	41068, 41069
Area code :	02161
Location of Hehn in the West district of Mönchengladbach
Mary Visitation

Hehn is a district of Mönchengladbach and belongs to the city ​​district West .

geography

Hehn is located in the west of the city of Mönchengladbach. Rheindahlen, the capital of the borough, is around 1.5 kilometers as the crow flies in a south-easterly direction. Hehn mainly consists of three streets (Wolfsittard and Heiligenpesch to the south towards Dorthausen, K 4 to the east towards Hehnerholt and the K 15 to the west towards Hardt). The village is around 1.6 kilometers long in east-west expansion.

Southwest of Hehn is a section of the Gladbacher Landwehr , which was restored to its original state to around 30 meters as part of the Euregio 2002plus.

Neighboring communities

Hardt	Hardt	Venn
Hardter forest		Get
Herdt	Wolf sittard	Get

etymology

The place name could be derived from Hain or from Heide ( Hee , Hehn , Lower Franconian expression), Hain von Eichen and Buchenhain. Until 1825 the village was called Haen or Hann .

history

It is not known exactly when the first people settled in the area that later became Hehn. Apart from a few ancient finds at the airfield southwest of Hehnerholt and from the Stops sand pit, there are no indications of permanent settlement in pre-Christian times. The fact that people lived in the vicinity early on, however, is well known from a Bronze Age burial mound field in the western Hardter Forest , which, despite the close proximity to today's Hehn, does not allow any conclusions to be drawn about the early settlement history.

Middle Ages to the Napoleonic Wars

Since the founding of the Gladbach Abbey , Hehn has always belonged to it and to the later city of Mönchengladbach.

The first written mention of Hehn comes from the early 13th century. A document dated June 23, 1205 or 1215 allows the Hehnern to collect and cut firewood and construction wood in the Kammerforst (Kammerbusch), a wooded area north of Hehn. Two copies from the 17th century have been preserved. The exact date is not clearly established. Ropertz already mentions the year 1205 in the introduction to the document text, but the text itself dates to 1215. One of the copies from the 17th century, on the other hand, dates to 1205, although the exhibiting Abbot Gerhard only took over the management of the abbey around 1210 . The double dating is also adopted by Löhr. It must therefore remain open from which year the certificate originates.

No sources are available until the middle of the 16th century. Around the year 1565, however, the portrait of Mary is said to have been found in today's Heiligenpesch , which forms the basis for the pilgrimage to Hehn, which continues to this day. Only a few years later, the Battle of Dahlen takes place in the immediate vicinity .

The first detailed map of Hehn dates from 1595 and was drawn up on the occasion of a dispute with the abbey regarding the rights of the Hehners in the chamber forest. The dispute was eventually settled by drafting a bush order . This regulated in detail who was allowed to take what amount of wood and for what purpose from the chamber forest. Nevertheless, a dispute arose again around 1753 when the then abbot Ambrosius Specht claimed that the Umbuscher had violated the bush order. With the Umbusch the inhabitants of the villages around the Kammerforst were meant - besides Hehn also Vorst , Beltinghoven and Holt - who had the same rights as the Hehner since 1595 at the latest. In the course of the tough negotiations, the Umbuscher finally showed themselves to be increasingly uncooperative and in some cases even used force against envoys from the abbey. When the electoral government finally threatened to send a military command, the only thing left for the Umbuschers to do was to accept the abbot's proposal to divide the forest between the abbey and the residents. In the end, this also happens, with two thirds remaining with the abbey, which soon converts its part into arable land and leases it.

One day after the victory of French troops at Jülich on October 3, 1794, Gladbach is occupied and finally, in 1801, officially part of the French Empire under Napoleon . The Gladbach Abbey is completely dissolved within a year, and most of the documents are scattered or destroyed. In the course of restructuring in the church administration under the French, the Hehner will no longer be looked after by the parish of St. Mariä Himmelfahrt in Gladbach in 1806, but in future by the parish Hardt, which was already independent at that time . Due to personal aversion to the pastor resident there, however, the Hehner vehemently defend themselves and after a short time return to the parish of Gladbach.

The Rhineland became part of Prussia through the Congress of Vienna in 1815 , and Gladbach was henceforth governed from Düsseldorf.

Prussian period until 1949

After Hehn became part of the Gladbach parish again, the residents increasingly tried to set up their own parish. In addition to money for the construction of a new church and suggestions as to how the parish boundaries could be drawn, arguments also include the fact that Hehn has been a place of pilgrimage since the 16th century. Various interests initially prevented a corresponding permit until the construction of a church began in 1851 without a permit. The supporter of the building, which was completed in 1853, is dean Alexander Halm. Hehn was officially elevated to a parish on September 8, 1858 . Wolfsittard , which previously belonged to Rheindahlen , also belongs to the parish .

The first pastor in Hehn, Benedikt Berchem, tried very hard to provide spiritual teaching and pastoral care in his place and initiated numerous associations in the middle of the 19th century. Of these, the Brotherhood of St. Archangel Michael fort (today St. Michaels Brotherhood 1860 Mönchengladbach-Hehn eV). His successor Richard Betram, like many others, has to suffer from the so-called Kulturkampf that rages between Prussia, to which the Rhineland belongs, and the Catholic Church . After the end of the church, planning began in 1887 for an extension of the church, the construction of which began again without a permit on May 14, 1889. Approval is only given four weeks after the start of construction. Construction is completed a year later.

Between 1903 and 1904 the Hardter-Wald Clinic was built west of Hehn on the road to Hardt . Due to the shorter distance, the chapel of the lung sanatorium is looked after by the Hehner parish.

During the First World War , the Landwehr north of Wolfsittard was razed by Russian prisoners of war and an airfield was set up, which continues to be used in the Second World War. From 1916 Wilhelm Pastern is pastor in Hehn. His aversion to the National Socialist regime caused him some anger, but it also had an impact on his community, which, compared to the urban average , elects the NSDAP less often .

Place of pilgrimage

The center of Hehn, called Heiligenpesch, is a place of pilgrimage. In addition to the parish church of Maria Visitation , which was built from 1851 to 1853 according to plans by Vincenz Statz and expanded from 1889 to 1890 by Julius Busch with an octagon and east choir and two west towers, there are the saints' grottoes and the Marienkapelle , in which the Mother of God is venerated.

Architectural monuments

In addition to the Church of the Visitation of Mary , the following buildings are among the architectural monuments of the city of Mönchengladbach in the Hehner area.

• 

  Rectory (H 068)

• 

  Courtyard (H 108)

• 

  Courtyard complex (H 023)

• 

  Chapel of Grace (H 034)

• 

  Holy grottos (H 036)

See also : List of architectural monuments in Mönchengladbach

Infrastructure

In Hehn there is a sports facility, a gym that is used by the Catholic elementary school, an old people's and nursing home and a Catholic day-care center.

As part of the Spray one world campaign, the gym was completely covered with graffiti by five international artists .

societies

The sports club DJK Sportfreunde Hehn, founded in 1958, two pigeon fanciers' clubs and a rifle brotherhood form part of the local clubs.

• DJK Sportfreunde Hehn from 1958 eV
• St. Michaels Brotherhood 1860 Mönchengladbach-Hehn eV
• KLJB Hehn eV
• Pigeon fanciers association 06503 "Heimatliebe Hehn"
• Pigeon breeders' association 07013 "Unity Hehn"
• Church choir Cäcilia (1869).
• Constantia Male Choir (1889).
• Reservist fellowship Hehn
• Schützengesellschaft Hehn 1910 eV
• Women's community Hehn

Web links

• St. Michaels Brotherhood Hehn. St. Michaels Brotherhood 1860 Mönchengladbach-Hehn eV, accessed on January 9, 2018 . 
• Hehn pilgrimage church. Parish of St. Mary's Visitation Hehn, accessed on January 9, 2018 . 
• Archive: Portal for Mönchengladbach-Hehn and the surrounding area. formerly Talk-About-Us, Association for Public Relations Mönchengladbach Hehn eV, now private, accessed on January 9, 2018 . 

Individual references and references

1. ↑ City of Mönchengladbach, The Lord Mayor, Department of Urban Development and Planning, Department of Statistics (Ed.): The population of the city of Mönchengladbach at the location of the main residence by districts and districts on 09/30/2015 . Mönchengladbach September 30, 2015 ( online [PDF; 18 kB ; accessed on January 16, 2016]).
2. ^ LVR Office for Ground Monument Preservation: ABR local archive number 1941.001, pointed Neolithic stone ax. In: Bonner Jahrbücher. 142, 1937, p. 213.
3. ↑ LVR Office for Ground Monument Preservation: ABR local archive number 1989.004, Neolithic flint grave, a cremation grave from the early Young Iron Age, Iron Age ceramics, 3 Roman ceramic shards . Landesmuseum Bonn, E69 / 94.
4. ↑ ^{a b} Peter Ropertz: Sources and contributions to the history of the Benedictine abbey of St. Vitus in M.-Gladbach . Mönchengladbach 1877, p. 198 .
5. ↑ ^{a b c} Gottfried Eckertz, Eduard J. Konrad Növer: The Benedictine Abbey M. Gladbach . A contribution to the history of the Duchy of Jülich. Cologne 1853, p. 67 ff . ( MDZ Munich ; digitized version [accessed on January 17, 2016]).
6. ^ Wolfgang Löhr with the support of the Sparkasse Foundation for Art and Science, the Reiners Foundation GmbH and the Josef and Hilde Wilberz Foundation (ed.): Loca Desiderata, Mönchengladbacher Stadtgeschichte . tape 1 . Rhineland publishing and operating company of the Rhineland Regional Association, Brauweiler Abbey, Pulheim 1994, ISBN 3-7927-1375-6 , p. 339, 344 f .
7. ^ City Archives Mönchengladbach (ed.): Document book Mönchengladbach. Reproductions and manuscripts No. 1 . Mönchengladbach. Sheet 67 VR.
8. ↑ Mönchengladbach City Archives (ed.): Vitus-Post No. 6. Gladbach Abbey . Mönchengladbach May 2003 ( online [PDF; 351 kB ; accessed on November 2, 2013]). online ( Memento of the original dated November 4, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
9. ↑ Leonard Küppers: The poetry about the origin of the pilgrimage site Hehn-Heiligenpesch . Mönchengladbach 1896.
10. ^ Leonard Küppers: The foundation of the Holy Pesch . Mönchengladbach 1898.
11. ^ Peter Norrenberg: History of the parishes of the Dean M. Gladbach . Ed .: Karl Theodor Dumond. JP Bachem, 1889.
12. ^ Ernst Brasse: History of the City and Abbey of Gladbach. Mönchengladbach 1914 (Volume 1) and 1922 (Volume 2).
13. ↑ ^{a b c} Wolfgang Löhr: Tradition and Change. 150 years of the parish of St. Mariae Visitation in Mönchengladbach-Hehn . Ed .: Parish of St. Mariae Heimsuchung Hehn. Mönchengladbach 2008.
14. ↑ Wolfgang Löhr, Josef Tillmann, Klaus Cörstges, among others: 125 years of St. Michaels Brotherhood Hehn . Ed .: St. Michaels Brotherhood 1869 Mönchengladbach-Hehn. Mönchengladbach 1985.
15. ↑ Johann Paasen: memory of our old home Hehn . Handwritten document in the Mönchengladbach city archive in 1987.
16. ↑ Catholic elementary school Hehn. (No longer available online.) Kath. Elementary School Mönchengladbach-Hehn, archived from the original on January 5, 2014 ; Retrieved October 29, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
17. ↑ pro multis gGmbH: KiTa St. Mariä Visitation . ( pro-multis.de [accessed on January 9, 2018]).
18. ↑ Spray one world. Parish of St. Mary's Visitation Hehn, accessed on November 2, 2013 . 
19. ^ Associations in Hehn. (No longer available online.) Talk-About-Us, Association for Public Relations Mönchengladbach Hehn eV, archived from the original on November 3, 2013 ; Retrieved October 29, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.