Jesuitenhof (Dirmstein)

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Jesuit Court
Jesuitenhof (main house)

Jesuitenhof (main house)

Data
place Dirmstein
Client Jesuit
Architectural style Renaissance
Construction year 16th Century
Coordinates 49 ° 33 '52.8 "  N , 8 ° 14' 45.6"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 33 '52.8 "  N , 8 ° 14' 45.6"  E
Jesuitenhof (Rhineland-Palatinate)
Jesuit Court

The Jesuit in the Rhineland-Palatinate municipality Dirmstein is a former convent of the Jesuits , which now houses a winery of the same name operates. The ensemble of buildings, which also includes a garden pavilion on the neighboring vineyard site , is a listed building .

Geographical location

The Jesuitenhof, street address Obertor 4 , is located at an altitude of 103  m above sea level. NHN in the north of the town center with the western front facing the street, which leads towards the exit of the town and at this point describes a curve to the west. To the north and east, there are vineyards that belong to the small local individual vineyard Jesuitenhofgarten . To the northwest extends the Quadtsche Castle , in which another manor is operated, with which the Jesuitenhof shares the farmyard between the two properties and some farm buildings. To the south is the former Drei Könige inn , built by the baroque master builder Balthasar Nick as his home and which is now a residential complex.

investment

grange

The yellow plastered courtyard with reddish brown painted sandstone walls consists of a stately residential building with a stair tower in the north and ancillary and farm buildings in the south of the area. The two-storey rectangular building of the gable-side main house has a hipped roof with dormers , and a cellar with barrel vaults lies under the building .

All buildings are connected to the street by a stone wall about three meters high. The original main entrance to the courtyard consisted of a large gate and a small gate with pressed pointed arches ; it is completely walled up, but the old stone walls emerge from the plaster as red-brown sandstone reliefs. A second gate to the right of the main house leads to an inner courtyard between the outbuildings, which are now used for residential purposes.

Garden pavilion

Pavilion in the Jesuitenhofgarten 2006, shortly before the start of the renovation (photo from the southeast)
Pavilion 2014, after the exterior renovation has been completed (photo from the northwest)

Originally the Jesuitenhof belonged to a nearly 300 m northwest at 109  m above sea level. NHN , a two-storey garden pavilion in the Jesuitenhofgarten vineyard, which dates from the classicist era and is also a listed building. Towards the village, to the south-east, the ground plan forms half a hexagon; to the north-west, it forms a semicircle. This joins the wall of the Jesuitenhofgarten to the south, to which the entrance stairs to the upper floor are attached on the inside. The roof consists of six triangular segments that taper towards the apex in the middle.

The painter and sculptor Walter Perron from Frankenthal, who lived in Dirmstein from 1942 to 1952, provided the pavilion with sgraffiti around 1950 .

Over the years, the small structure was in need of renovation in terms of structure and plastering. The restoration work was initiated by the founding chairman of the St. Michael Cultural Association , Jürgen Bich (1947–2009). They began at the end of 2006 and were partly carried out by the municipality, which had become the owner in 2006, but mainly by members of local associations (environmental protection association Alte Sandkaut and cultural association); The outdoor work was completed in 2013, four years after the initiator's death.

history

Schrader bell from 1751 on the old town hall of Grünstadt
IHS monogram on the Grünstadt bell

A monastery was founded on the site of today's estate in 1500, which after a few decades became the property of the Jesuit order founded in 1534. Parts of the farm buildings and outbuildings from the founding phase have survived. The main house including the stair tower also dates from the Renaissance period and was built in the 16th century. The Jesuits benefited from the fact that the neighboring Augustinian monastery was destroyed in the Peasants' War in 1525 .

When Dirmstein was almost completely burned down by French troops in the Palatinate War of Succession in 1689 , the Jesuitenhof also suffered severe damage, which was only sparsely repaired for more than two centuries. The gate system, which is now walled up, dates from the Baroque period in the 18th century, when the main house was also given the yellow plaster.

The Jesuits of the monastery provided the Catholic parish of the place for a long time, probably since the middle of the 16th century and documented until 1705/06 . The monastery had a chapel dedicated to St. Franz Xaver was consecrated . A small bell hung in its ridge turret; In 1795, after the French Revolution had spread to the areas of the Electoral Palatinate on the left bank of the Rhine , it was transported away by French soldiers with four further Dirmsteiner bells to be used for cannon casting. It is probably that little bell that hangs today as the oldest bell in the city in the roof turret of the old town hall in Grünstadt and strikes the quarter of an hour. According to the inscription, it was cast by Johann Caspar Schrader in Worms in 1751 and carries a. a. the IHS monogram with three nails, which is typical for the Jesuits . How it came into the possession of the city of Grünstadt can no longer be traced. Around 1800 the Jesuit monastery was profaned , expropriated and sold by the French state . The new owners had the garden pavilion built on the edge of the site in the 19th century.

In 1921 there was a major renovation of the courtyard, which was partly connected with expansion; historical circumstances were not taken into account. In connection with the renovation, the farm and outbuildings were partially modified or completely renewed.

literature

  • Berthold Schnabel : The Catholic pastors from 1685 . S. 317-321 .
  • Berthold Schnabel: Of bell towers and roof turrets . S. 313-316 .
Both in: Michael Martin (Ed.): Dirmstein - Adel, Bauern und Bürger . Chronicle of the Dirmstein community. Self-published by the Foundation for the Promotion of Palatinate Historical Research , Neustadt an der Weinstrasse 2005, ISBN 3-9808304-6-2 .
  • Georg Peter Karn, Ulrike Weber (arrangement): Bad Dürkheim district. City of Grünstadt, Union communities Freinsheim, Grünstadt-Land and Hettenleidelheim (=  cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Volume 13.2 ). Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2006, ISBN 3-88462-215-3 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Georg Peter Karn, Ulrike Weber: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany, cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate . 2006.
  2. ↑ a b General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments - Bad Dürkheim district. Mainz 2020, p. 29 (PDF; 5.1 MB).
  3. ↑ a b Map service of the landscape information system of the Rhineland-Palatinate Nature Conservation Administration (LANIS map) ( notes )
  4. ↑ Associations want to renovate the pavilion . In: Die Rheinpfalz , local edition Frankenthaler Zeitung . Ludwigshafen September 20, 2006.
  5. ^ Environmental protection association Alte Sandkaut and cultural association St. Michael : Art in the garden house . September 22, 2013 (invitation to the painting exhibition).
  6. ↑ Berthold Schnabel: The Catholic Pastors from 1685 . S. 317 .
  7. ↑ Joachim Specht: In 1751 Joh. Caspar Schrader poured me into Worms . In: The Rheinpfalz , Unterhaardter Rundschau . Ludwigshafen January 18, 2003.
  8. ↑ Berthold Schnabel: Of bell towers and roof turrets . S. 314 .