Johann Bauhin

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Johann Bauhin. Woodcut, 1597
Johann Bauhin jun. at the age of 60

Johann , Jean or Johannes Bauhin , also Latinized as Bauhinus (* February 12, 1541 probably in Paris , † October 27, 1613 in Montbéliard ), was a Swiss doctor and botanist . Its official botanical author's abbreviation is " J.Bauhin ". He was the father-in-law of the botanist Johann Heinrich Cherler (1570–1610).

Live and act

The elder son of the doctor Jean Bauhin first studied philosophy from 1555 and medicine and botany from 1558 at the University of Basel . In 1560 he moved to the University of Tübingen , where he studied botany with Leonhart Fuchs, among others . In 1561 he went on a study trip to Zurich to Conrad Gessner and was then with him in the Alps. From 1561 he was enrolled at the University of Montpellier , where he studied anatomy and botany with Guillaume Rondelet, among others . In 1562 he was promoted to Dr. med. PhD. That year he also studied at the University of Padua with Ulisse Aldrovandi .

From 1563 he ran a medical practice in Lyon , where he was also a city doctor. In Lyon he had contact with the botanist Jacques Daléchamps . Since he had difficulties as a Huguenot in France, he moved to Geneva as a city doctor in 1568 and returned to Basel in 1570, where he initially worked as a professor of rhetoric at the university, and from 1571 also as a professor of medicine.

In 1572 he was appointed city doctor and doctor at the Württemberg court, and thus as personal doctor of Duke Friedrich I , in Mömpelgard . There he also founded a botanical garden.

Although his achievements in the field of botany were not as important as those of his brother Caspar Bauhin , he made a name for himself through an extensive botanical encyclopedia ( Historia plantarum ). This work contains around 5000 plant species with around 3500 illustrations. In it, among other things, a description of the grain fire , which he assumed was caused by weather conditions. This encyclopedia was brought to print with the help of his son-in-law Johann Heinrich Cherler and only appeared after his death 1650–1651 in Yverdon .

Dedication names

Charles Plumier named the genus Bauhinia of the Fabaceae plant family in his honor and his brother Caspar Bauhin . Carl von Linné later took over this name.

Fonts (selection)

  • Historia novi et admirabilis fontis balneique Bollensis . Montbéliard (Mömpelgart) 1598 ( online ).
    • German: A new bath book and historical description ... of the WunderBrunnen and Heilsamen Bads zu Boll . Stuttgart: Fürster, 1602 ( online ).
  • Report of the princely Wuerttemberg miracle bath and fountain in Boll so described by the highly learned and famous Mr. Joannem Bauhinum. Available in rhymes. by Joannem Schalyß zu Holtzheim . Foillet, [p. l.] Mümpelgart 1599. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf
  • Brief and warranted report: What serious and troublesome illnesses from 1596 bit into 1599 well and happy to be cured . Mümpelgart: Foillet, 1599. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf
  • Historiae plantarum generalis novae et absolutissimae quinquaginta annis elaboratae iam prelo commissae prodromus (with Johann Heinrich Cherler ). Ex typographia Societatis Caldorianae, Yverdon 1619 (124 pages).
  • Dominique Chabré (ed.): Historia plantarum universalis, nova et absolutissima cum consensu et dissensu circa eas. Quam recensuit et auxit Dominicus Chabraeus. (with Johann Heinrich Cherler ). 3 volumes, 2nd edition ("Juris vero publici fecit Franciscus Ludovicus a Graffenried" [= Franz Ludwig von Graffenried]) ("Ebrodunum" =) Yverdon 1650–1651. ( Volume 1 , Volume 2 , Volume 3 ).

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymic plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
  2. ^ Charles Plumier: Nova Plantarum Americanarum Genera . Leiden 1703, p. 26
  3. ^ Carl von Linné: Critica Botanica . Leiden 1737, p. 91.

Web links

Commons : Johann Bauhin  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Bauhin, Johann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bauhinus, Johannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss doctor and botanist
DATE OF BIRTH February 12, 1541
PLACE OF BIRTH uncertain: Paris
DATE OF DEATH October 27, 1613
Place of death Montbeliard