Carl Henrich Dreyer

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Carl Henrich Dreyer
Pen-and-ink drawing and Latin description of the late Gothic oath chapel of the Lübeck town hall, which has been lost since 1811, by Dreyer ( Archive of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck , Museum Dreyerianum Bl. 190)

Carl Henrich Dreyer , also Johann Carl Heinrich Dreyer and various other forms of name (* December 13, 1723 in goods ; †  February 15, 1802 in Lübeck ) was a German legal scholar and Lübeck politician of the 18th century.

Life

Carl Heinrich Dreyer began his legal studies at the University of Kiel in 1738 , where his uncle Ernst Joachim Westphal was Minister of the Dukes Karl Friedrich and Karl Peter Ulrich von Holstein-Gottorf and curator of the university until 1750 . Dreyer switched to the University of Halle in the course of his studies , and received his doctorate from the University of Helmstedt in 1744 as Dr. iur. and at the end of the same year, at the age of only 21, received a professorship for German law at the University of Kiel. Dreyer read next to the German law on Lübeck law , Holsteinisches- and Cimbrisches so Jütisches law as criminal law , natural law and constitutional law . According to the orders of Duke Friedrich IV. From 1701, he also organized eight disputation exercises from 1747–53 . Numerous publications of smaller scripts accompanied his teaching activities in Kiel.

In 1753, his uncle was overthrown three years earlier, Dreyer second was syndic of the Council in the Hanseatic city of Lübeck. In 1761 he was also provost of the bishopric of Lübeck and in 1768 the city's first syndic. Although his uncle was reinstated in office and dignity after three years, Dreyer refused all external appointments and offices and stayed in Lübeck until the end of his life. For the city he served several times as an envoy in diplomatic missions to the Danish and other courts.

As the first in-house lawyer, he was also president of the consistorial court responsible for marriage and family matters.

For these reasons Dreyer belongs to Lübeck diplomacy and, as a representative of Lübeck censorship, probably also prevented the publication of the third volume of Johann Rudolph Becker's (1736–1815) Lübeck city history until his death .

The total number of writings published by himself is estimated at almost a hundred, although his colleagues and successors said that he was somewhat inaccurate, including Jacob Grimm . The aim of his work as a decided opponent of Roman law or, as one would say a little later, the historical school of law , was the (futile) search for a comprehensive, sustainable source of old German law, for example in the old Schleswig city ​​law or in Jyske Lov .

His important private library of 6,000 volumes was purchased by the Lübeck state after his death for the city ​​library and in 1817 it was arranged in the consistorial room in the former Katharinenkloster, which was no longer needed since the abolition of the consistorial court in 1814 . After Dreyer's death, his collection on Lübeck Law and History (Collectaneen and handwritten works) was placed in the public registry in the office building in accordance with his will and was kept there in a separate room under the name Museum Dreyerianum . The purely historical items were later given to the city library. His estate is now in the archive of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck .

Awards

Publications

  • (Ed.): Specinem juris publici Lubecensis quo pacta conventa et privilegia, quibus Lubecae per omnem propemodum Europam about inhumanum jus naufragii ( beach = right ) est prospectum, ex authenticis recensuit ... qui etiam loco mantissae Jus maritimum Lubecense antiquissimum / Down Alberto de Bardewic a. 1299 compositum ex membranis edidit Jo. Carolus Henricus Dreyer. Bützow / Wismar, no year [1761] ( digitized version ).
  • Additional lessons used to explain German rights, legal antiquities and histories. Berger & Boedner, Bützow / Wismar 1768 ( digitized copy from Columbia University , previous owner: Karl von Richthofen ).
It contains: Treatise on the usefulness of the excellent poem Reinke de Voss in explanation of the German legal antiquities, in particular of the former judiciary. Pp. 1-256.
  • Bibliotheca juris Lubecensis complectens notitiam scriptorum ad jus Lubecense subjunctis ubique novioribus constitutionibus decretis et responsis jus illud vel declarantibus vel illustrantibus. Böckmann, Lübeck 1776.
  • Contributions to the literature of the Nordic legal celibacy. Bohn, Hamburg 1794.

Manuscripts

literature

Web links

Commons : Carl Henrich Dreyer  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Note: later ennobled as Ernst Joachim von Westphalen.
  2. ^ Antjekathrin Graßmann: Divorce in Lübeckisch. For the evaluation of the Lübeck consistorial court files around 1800. In: ZVLGA 80 (2000) ( digitized version ), p. 305, note 32
  3. ^ Cumbersome history of the Kaiserl. and salvation. Roman Empire freyen city of Lübeck. Volume I - III, Lübeck, 1782 - 1805.-In addition: Hans-Bernd Spies: The belated appearance of the third volume of Johann Rudolph Becker's history of Lübeck (1806). in Rolf Hammel-Kiesow (ed.): The memory of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck . Lübeck 2005. ISBN 3-7950-5555-5
  4. ↑ Cf. his preface to his work Deutsche Rechtsalterthümer (1828), cited above. according to ADB
  5. ^ Heinrich Christian Zietz : Views of the Free Hanseatic City of Lübeck and its surroundings. Frankfurt am Main, 1822. p. 351 ff.
  6. ↑ See Codex diplomaticus Lubecensis Lübeckisches Urkundenbuch. First section: Document book of the city of Lübeck, Volume II / 1, Lübeck 1858, p. XI
  7. ^ Matriculation of the academy
  8. ^ Foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1724. Johann Carl Heinrich Dreyer. Russian Academy of Sciences, accessed August 28, 2015 .
personal data
SURNAME Dreyer, Carl Henrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dreyer, Johann Carl Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German legal scholar and Lübeck politician
DATE OF BIRTH December 13, 1723
PLACE OF BIRTH Goods (Müritz)
DATE OF DEATH February 15, 1802
Place of death Lübeck