Josef Netzer

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Josef Netzer, lithograph by Gabriel Decker , 1843

Johann Josef Gabriel Netzer (born March 18, 1808 in Zams ; † May 28, 1864 in Graz ) was a composer and conductor .

Netzer was one of the established artists in Tyrol who made a national career. Together with Johann Rufinatscha he caused a sensation in Vienna with great symphonic works.

Life

Josef Netzer comes from a family of musicians. His grandfather Blasius Netzer (* 1725 in Pfunds , † 1785 in Bludenz ) was an accomplished organist and composer recognized by his contemporaries, whose musical creations were copied and performed by hand outside of his sphere of activity. Josef received his first musical education from his father Christian Netzer (* July 13, 1775 in Tschengls , † July 17, 1830 in Zams), school teacher and organist in Zams. His parents wanted him to study and become a clergyman. Therefore, at the age of 12, he was sent to Innsbruck to attend the local high school. At the same time he received music lessons at the Innsbrucker Musikverein (piano lessons with Father Martin Goller ), where he soon taught himself. After finishing high school in 1827, he made the decision to continue his musical education in Vienna and to perfect what he had already learned. He received lessons from cathedral music director Johann Gänsbacher and from music theorist Simon Sechter , who later became Anton Bruckner's teacher . He earned his living during his student days as a sought-after piano teacher.

With Franz Schubert Josef Netzer was a close friend and played with him. On October 25, 1838 Netzer made his public debut with a concert at the Vienna Court Theater, which was such a success that a second followed 14 days later, for which he composed his 2nd symphony in E major. The Viennese music publisher Anton Diabelli then printed his first songs "An die Lute" (NWV 805), "An den Mond" (NWV 806), "Mein Glück" (NWV 845), "Hakons Lied" (NWV 834) and "Schneebilder" "(NWV 852). Netzer was appointed a member of the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde Wien and a member of the committee of the society concerts as well as the head of the exercises of the conservatory. Netzer's fame was mainly due to his opera Mara , which was premiered with great success in 1841 at the Vienna Court Opera Theater (today's Vienna State Opera ) by the Court Opera Orchestra (now the Vienna Philharmonic ).

On April 1, 1842, Netzer went on an art tour to Germany with a letter of recommendation from the Austrian Chancellor, Prince Metternich. The aim of the trip was to make his opera Mara known in German cities, ideally to be able to perform it, and to establish contacts. His first stop was Prague , where “Mara” was successfully performed in 1843, followed by Dresden and Leipzig , where he also made the acquaintance of Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy . In Berlin he met Meyerbeer , who praised “Mara” and through whose intermediary it was also performed at the Royal Opera House in Berlin. This was followed by stays in Hamburg, Hanover, Braunschweig and Kassel, where Netzer's opera was also on the program.

Netzer worked as a conductor and composer in Vienna at the Theater an der Wien , from 1849 in Mainz at the Stadttheater , in Leipzig as a colleague of Albert Lortzing and from 1853 to 1861 in Graz at the Ständisches Theater, at the same time he worked at the Musikverein für Steiermark as Georg's successor Ott. In 1854 Netzer conducted the first performance of an opera by Richard Wagner in Austria-Hungary with Tannhäuser . From the season 1854/55 until his death he was the first choir master of the Graz men's choir. Josef Netzer died in Graz in 1864.

His estate is administered in the Tyrolean Provincial Museum Ferdinandeum and in Stams Abbey . In 2008, the 200th year of his birth, the composer was commemorated with several events.

Works

Operas

  • The Siege of Gothenburg, ca.1838
  • The strange wedding, 1839/40
  • Mara, 1840, libretto by Otto Prechtler
  • The Queen of Castile, 1840
  • Stella, the smuggler's daughter, 1852

Symphonies

  • Symphony No. 1 in C major, Vienna 1837
  • Symphony No. 2 in E major, Vienna 1838
  • Symphony No. 3 in D major, Vienna 1845
  • Symphony No. 4 in E flat major, Leipzig ca.1849

Chamber music

  • Trio for piano, violin and violoncello in E major, Vienna 1838
  • 4 string quartets

Solo concerts

  • Adagio and Rondo for clarinet and orchestra, Graz 1854

Songs

  • Gesangsszene The Lore-Ley, Op.13
  • The Haideritt
  • Ringerl and Röserl
  • When you divorce
  • Netzer's work comprises more than 100 songs in total

literature

  • Joseph Netzer: Joseph Netzer , Graz 1864 (autobiography).
  • Constantin von Wurzbach : Netzer, Joseph . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 20th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1869, pp. 228–236 ( digitized version ).
  • W. Senn:  Netzer Johann Josef. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 7, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1978, ISBN 3-7001-0187-2 , p. 78.
  • Tyrolean piano music, music for piano four hands, by Josef Netzer and Johann Rufinatscha (1812–1893), CD recording 2004.
  • Sounding treasures from Tirol 40, Symphony No. 2 and No. 3, live recording of a concert in Stams Abbey, Cappella Istropolitana from Bratislava, Tiroler Musikland 2005.
  • Rudolf Pascher: Josef Netzer: composer and conductor from Zams; Biography, catalog raisonné and analysis , self-published, Prutz 2008.
  • "Concertino", CD recording 2014, Akademie St. Blasius, Karlheinz Siessl, Max Ziehesberger

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Annemarie Bösch-Niederer: Forgotten talents - the musician family Nezer (Netzer) in Bludenz. Studienverlag, April 14, 2020 (German).
  2. ^ Constantin von Wurzbach, Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich
  3. ^ W. Senn: Josef Netzer. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon. Retrieved April 9, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Short biography of W.Senn, http://www.biographien.ac.at/oebl_7/78.pdf
  5. ^ Franz Innerhofer: Composer Josef Netzer, in: The collector, sheets for Tyrolean local history and homeland security, Meran 1908 . S. 212 .
  6. ^ Josef Kessler: Josef Netzer - a biographical sketch, Graz 1864, p. 14 .
  7. ↑ http://cdedionen.musikland-tirol.at/content/cd-edUNGEN-2002/josef-netzer-1808-1864.html
  8. ^ BLKÖ: Netzer, Joseph - Wikisource. Retrieved February 20, 2019 .
  9. ↑ Annemarie Bösch-Niederer, Alexander Rausch: Netzer (Nezer), family. In: Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon online. Retrieved August 11, 2019 .
  10. ↑ In honor of Josef Netzer. Retrieved February 20, 2019 .
  11. ^ Institute for Art and Music History Research: Graz. 2002, accessed February 20, 2019 .
  12. ^ BLKÖ: Netzer, Joseph - Wikisource. Retrieved February 20, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Netzer, Josef
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Netzer, Johann Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian composer
DATE OF BIRTH March 18, 1808
PLACE OF BIRTH Zams , Tyrol
DATE OF DEATH May 28, 1864
Place of death Graz , Styria