Kargopolski rajon

Rajon Kargopolski rajon Каргопольский муниципальный район coat of arms Federal district Northwest Russia Oblast Arkhangelsk Administrative center Kargopol surface 10,130  km² population 18,466 inhabitants (as of 2010) Population density 1.8 inhabitants / km² Boroughs 1 Cities / SsT 1/0 Rural communities / villages 5/241 Head of the Rajons Andrei Nikolajewitsch Yegorow Rajon founded 1929 Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 81841 Postcodes 164110-164154 License Plate 29 OKATO 11 218 OKTMO 11 618 Geographical location of the administrative center Coordinates 61 ° 30 ′  N , 38 ° 56 ′  E Coordinates: 61 ° 30 ′  N , 38 ° 56 ′  E Kargopol Kargopolski rajon: Location in Arkhangelsk Oblast Arkhangelsk Oblast within Russia

The Kargopolski rajon ( Russian Ка́ргопольский муниципа́льный райо́н , transcribed Kargopolski munizipalny rajon ) is an administrative unit within the Arkhangelsk Oblast , Russia . It is located southwest of the Oblast capital Arkhangelsk . The administrative center is the city of Kargopol .

geography

Kargopolski rajon is located in the extreme southwest of Arkhangelsk Oblast on the border with the Republic of Karelia and Vologda Oblast . In the north of the Kargopolski rajon borders the Plesezki rajon , northeast of the Njandomski rajon and southeast of the Konoschski rajon . The area of ​​Kargopolski rajon is 10,130 km². Within the Rajon located with the Lake Lacha (also known as dwarf pine called; russ. Лача or Лаче ) and the Ljokschmosero ( Лёкшмозеро ) two large and numerous other smaller lakes. The 356 km² (according to other information 334 or 345 km²) Laces is also the point of origin of the 416 km long Onega River . In the northwest of the Rajon is the Kenosero National Park .

history

The village of Morschinskaya on the banks of the Lyokschmosera in the Kenosersky National Park

The region of today's Kargopol was first settled in the Neolithic in the 4th millennium BC. Instead of. Archaeological finds show that the settlement areas at that time were at the lakes Latsche , Kenosero , Wosche and in the upper course of the Onega .

The city of Kargopol, which gives today's Rajon its name, is first mentioned in Russian chronicles in 1146. At that time fought here the Belomorsker Prince Vyacheslav against the Finno-Ugric tribe of Chud . Until the 14th century the place was still called Kargopole . The last mention of the name Kargopole can be found in the Nikon Chronicles ( Никоновская летопись ) from 1378 in which the battle of Kargopol prince Gleb on the Voshe river is reported. At the same time, this chronicle is the only source in which there is indirectly talk of an existing Kargopol principality in the 14th century. The region around Kargopol was located within the Novgorod Republic until the end of the 15th century , with ownership changing several times due to wars with the Grand Duchy of Moscow . With the siege of Novgorod and subsequent annexation of the entire republic by Ivan III. the region finally became part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow in 1478.

The Kargopolski ujesd , which stretched from the Latsche lake along the Onega River , was founded in the 16th century . Until the end of the 17th century, Kargopol was one of the most important trading cities due to its location on the trade route from Moscow to Arkhangelsk. This was shown, among other things, by the fact that Kargopol was one of the 19 cities that paid for the maintenance of the oprichnina . In the 16th century Kargopol was also one of the few cities that received the right to profitably trade in salt. During the Polish-Russian War , the Kargopol region was attacked several times and the fortress town of Kargopol was besieged three times between 1612 and 1614.

With the founding of the city of Saint Petersburg in 1703 by Tsar Peter I , the Russian Empire gained access to the Baltic Sea. The commercial importance of Kargopol was based on its position as a link for the onward transport of goods to the important foreign trade port of the city of Arkhangelsk on the White Sea, founded in 1584 . Due to the direct access to the Baltic Sea, this transport route and with it the Kargopol region lost its importance, but remained an important trading point for the northern areas. After the end of the 19th century, the railway line from Moscow to Arkhangelsk was completed, which bypasses the region about 80 km east of Kargopol, Kargopol almost completely lost its importance.

After the October Revolution, the Kargopolski ujesd , which was previously part of the Olonez Governorate, was incorporated into the Vologda Governorate in 1919 . The Kargopolski rajon was founded in 1929 and initially part of the Northern Krai in 1930 . From 1936 it became part of the Northern Oblast . In 1937 the Kargopolski rajon was finally incorporated into the newly founded Arkhangelsk Oblast.

In August 1937, the Gulag KARGOPOL-ITL was founded in the region in which up to 30,100 people were imprisoned. The prisoners were mainly used for logging. The administration was initially in Kargopol , but later moved to Jerzewo .

In 1991 the Kenosero National Park was established in the northwest of the Rajon , which also extends into the Plesezki rajon.

Population development

The following overview shows the development of the population of the Kargopolski rajon.

year	Residents
1959	26,386
1970	26,932
1979	23,444
1989	24,589
2002	21,514
2010	18,466

Note: census data

Administrative division

The Rajon is divided into six municipalities ( муниципальное образование , German municipal entity ), of which one urban municipality ( городское поселение ) and five rural municipalities ( селиское поеселелелелелелеление поение ). With Kargopol as the administrative center, there is only one city within the Rajon. The Kargopolski rajon has a population of 18,466 (as of October 14, 2010), which is 1.6% of the population of Arkhangelsk Oblast.

Municipality ( munizipalnoje obrasowanije ) Type of community Administrative center Residents Kargopolskoje ( Муниципальное образование «Каргопольское» ) gorodskoje posselenije ( городское поселение ) Kargopol ( Каргополь ) 10,221 Oschewenskoje ( Муниципальное образование «Ошевенское» ) selskoje posselenije ( сельское поселение ) Shirjaicha ( Ширяиха ) 616 Pavlovskoye ( Муниципальное образование «Павловское» ) selskoje posselenije ( сельское поселение ) Prigorodny ( Пригородный ) 2.148 Petschnikowskoje ( Муниципальное образование "Печниковское» ) selskoje posselenije ( сельское поселение ) Watamanovskaya ( Ватамановская ) 965 Priosjornoje ( Муниципальное образование «Приозёрное» ) selskoje posselenije ( сельское поселение ) Schelochowskaja ( Шелоховская ) 1,978 Ukhotskoye ( Муниципальное образование «Ухотское» ) selskoje posselenije ( сельское поселение ) Pessok ( Песок ) 2,538

Economy and Transport

The forest and food industries are important branches of the economy.

There is no railway connection within the Kargopolski rajon. The nearest railway station is 80 km away in Njandoma, to which there are regular bus connections from Kargopol. In general, the road network within the Rajon is poorly developed. The route R2 ( Pudosch - Kargopol - Njandoma ) and the route R1 (Kargopol - Plesezk - Mirny - M8 ) run through Kargopol .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Alexander Jakowlewitsch Brjussow: History of the Neolithic tribes in the European part of the USSR. Berlin, Akademie-Verlag, 1957
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Oleg Kodola: Istoričeskij putevoditel 'po Archangel'skoj oblasti. Pravda Severa, 2006, ISBN 5-85879-240-5 , pp. 83-84
3. ↑ History of Kargopol on kargopol.ru ( Memento of the original from January 18, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; Reviewed June 30, 2017 
4. ↑ Gosudarstvennyj archive Archangel'skoj oblasti. Tom 1. Putevoditel 'v dvuch tomach. ( Memento of the original of July 24, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Archangelsk 2000, ISBN 5-85879-052-6 , pp. 264-273; Reviewed June 30, 2017 
5. ↑ Article about the KARGOPOL-ITL on gulag.memorial.de ; Reviewed June 30, 2017
6. ↑ Official website of the Kenosero National Park ; Reviewed June 30, 2017
7. ↑ Law on the Status and Limits of Territories of Municipal Constructions of Arkhangelsk Oblast. / "О статусе и границах территорий муниципальных образований в Архангельской области" Word file, Russian; Reviewed July 2, 2017
8. ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 ( Memento of the original from May 23, 2013 on WebCite ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 6.0 MB), pp. 12-209; 11 (PDF; 17.5 MB), pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation); Čislennost 'naselenija po municipal'nym obrazovanijam i naselennym punktam Archangel'skoj oblasti, vključaja Neneckij avtonomnyj okru Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 Goda (population number of municipal structure and places the Arkhangelsk including the Autonomous circles Nenets results of the All-Russian census 2010.) Table  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of Arkhangelsk Oblast)   
9. ↑ Нефёдова, Татьяна (2004). Каргопольский район: Прошлое, настоящее и будущее русского Севера. Отечественные Записки ; Reviewed June 30, 2017
10. ↑ Article about Kargopol on towns.ru ; Reviewed June 30, 2017

Remarks

1. ↑ The information relates to the Arkhangelsk Oblast without the Nenets Autonomous Okrug

Web links

Commons : Kargopolski rajon  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Official website of the Kargopolski rajon (Russian)
• Kargopolski rajon on the official website of Arkhangelsk Oblast (Russian)