Karl Friedrich Schwanitz

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Karl Friedrich Schwanitz (born January 28, 1823 in Zillbach (Schwallungen) near Meiningen , † April 30, 1903 in Weimar ) was a German judge and scholar.

Life

Scheffeldenkmal, erected on behalf of Schwanitz

Schwanitz was born in Zillbach near Meiningen on January 23, 1823, the son of the grand ducal Saxony-Weimar rentier Carl Christoph Schwanitz and his wife Juliane Schwanitz (née Bach). Schwanitz was related to the Bach family of musicians through his mother. Schwanitz grew up in Creuzburg from 1829 and in Eisenach from 1835 , where his father worked as a tax commissioner. He passed his Abitur in Eisenach.

In 1842 Schwanitz began studying law at the Friedrich Schiller University in Jena , which he then continued in Heidelberg . In the winter semester of 1844/1845 his close friendship with the poet Joseph Victor von Scheffel began here , which only ended with the death of Scheffels in 1886.

During his studies he became a member of the Burgkeller Jena fraternity in 1842 , the Teutonia Jena fraternity in 1845 and the Allemannia Heidelberg fraternity in 1847 .

In 1846 Schwanitz got a job in Eisenach. After completing his legal preparatory service (as a city court accetist), he became city secretary there in 1847 and finally second mayor in 1852.

In 1859 Schwanitz married the Thuringian pastor's daughter Luise Wilhelmine Laura Fritzsche (April 23, 1837 - July 3, 1884) in Magdala. The marriage resulted in 3 children. Joseph Victor von Scheffel took over the sponsorship of the firstborn son Herrmann in 1860.

From 1857 to 1872 Schwanitz worked as a magistrate in Apolda . He founded the Apolda cooperative advance payment association, which he also headed until 1872. The founding of the cooperative consumer association in Apolda, of which he was chairman of the supervisory board, also went back to his initiative.

In 1872 Schwanitz went to Ilmenau, where he became chief magistrate and worked until his retirement in 1899. In addition to his judicial work, Schwanitz took on management functions in the cooperative movement in Thuringia: From 1874 to 1895 he was the association director of the Thuringian advance payment associations; In 1895 he was appointed honorary president. For several years he was head of the Association Days of the General Association of Self-Help-Based German Employment and Business Cooperatives founded by Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch . As a member of an expert commission appointed by the Reich Justice Office, he was involved in the deliberations on the draft of the new cooperative law in 1887.

In Ilmenau , Schwanitz was heavily involved in the social field; so he negotiated in conflicts about the sale of land for the construction of the Arnstadt – Ilmenau and Ilmenau – Großbreitenbach railway lines . He also took over the chairmanship of the Association for the Beautification of Ilmenau , which looked after the spa facilities and forest paths in and around the city. Among other things, the association built the shelter on the Schwalbenstein and the Goethe house on the Kickelhahn . Schwanitz also got involved in the Gabelbach community , an association of Ilmenau intellectuals. In 1878 he brought his friend Joseph Victor von Scheffel to Ilmenau for a vacation of several weeks, during which von Scheffel also took part in the meetings of the Gabelbach community as the “community poet”. Between 1876 and 1885 Schwanitz took part in a total of 517 club meetings. In 1886 Schwanitz had a memorial place and a memorial built in honor of Scheffel. In 1887 he became chairman of the Gabelbach community. In the same year he was appointed Judicial Councilor of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach , in whose state parliament he sat. In 1890 Schwanitz received honorary citizenship from the city of Ilmenau. In 1892 the house order of the White Falcon, third class (Knight's Cross) followed. Finally, after 50 years of civil service, Schwanitz was appointed to the Privy Councilor of Justice in 1896. In the same year, the Ilmenauer Schulstrasse was renamed Schwanitzstrasse.

After Schwanitz retired in 1899, he moved to Weimar, where he died on April 30, 1903.

literature

  • Official Gazette of the City of Ilmenau from April 4, 2008: Karl Friedrich Schwanitz . No. 03/08, p. 16.
  • Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Sub-Volume 5: R – S. Winter, Heidelberg 2002, ISBN 3-8253-1256-9 , pp. 383-384.
  • Karl Friedrich Schwanitz, Cooperative Aid Booklet , 1896
  • Sheets for the cooperative system, August 29, 1896, p. 367 f.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hermann Kock, Genealogical Lexicon of the Bach Family , edited and edited by Ragnhild Siegel, 1995, p. 152.
  2. ^ Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Sub-Volume 5: R – S. Winter, Heidelberg 2002, ISBN 3-8253-1256-9 , p. 383.
  3. ↑ Adolf Kussmaul, Memories of the Youth of an Old Doctor , digitized (Gutenberg project), Chapter 86
  4. ↑ Josef Victor v. Scheffel's letters to Karl Schwanitz: together with letters from Scheffel's mother (1845-1886) , Leipzig, 1906, p. 80.
  5. ^ Die Henne - Ilmenauer Nachrichtensblatt - Official Gazette for the judicial district of Ilmenau dated August 9, 1896.
  6. ↑ Josef Victor v. Scheffel's letters to Karl Schwanitz: along with letters from Scheffel's mother (1845-1886) , Leipzig, 1906, p. 228.
  7. ^ Sheets for the cooperative system, August 29, 1896, p. 367 f.
  8. ↑ Festschrift for the 100th anniversary of the German Cooperative Association (Schulze-Delitzsch) eV (1959) p. 36.
  9. ↑ See also Werner Schubert (Hrsg.), 100 Years of the Cooperative Law: Sources for the origin and current status , (1989) p. 141 and passim.
  10. ↑ Carl Schwanitz, A memorial sheet to Joseph Victor von Scheffel at the unveiling of the Scheffelden monument in Ilmenau , Ilmenau, 1886
personal data
SURNAME Schwanitz, Karl Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German judge and scholar
DATE OF BIRTH January 28, 1823
PLACE OF BIRTH Zillbach (Schwallungen) near Meiningen
DATE OF DEATH April 30, 1903
Place of death Weimar