Koserow Church

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The Church in Koserow (2008)

The Koserow church from the second half of the 13th century is the only medieval church on the outer coast of the island of Usedom in the seaside resort Koserow in Western Pomerania .

history

After Liepe , Benz and Netzelkow , the church in Koserow is one of the oldest village churches on the island, which were built on the Achterwasser and in the interior of the island of Usedom. Not all churches on the island, including Koserow, were donated and built by the monasteries. The Koserower Church is thus the oldest church on the Usedom Baltic Sea coast .

The Koserow Church has always been under state patronage. It was the poorest of all Usedom churches. At the time of the thrifty Prussian kings Friedrich Wilhelm I and Friedrich the Great , Koserower was the only island church to be exempt from certain taxes due to notorious poverty . Even in the 19th century there were complaints about their poor condition. Thorough repairs were carried out between 1875 and 1897. The south wall of the nave was partially renewed and the upper part of the tower was completely renewed. It wasn't until a hundred years later that repairs to the exterior of the church began again.

Building history

A previous building of today's church is said to have been built shortly before or after 1300 as a small field stone chapel. From this building, a nave of simple house shape, the neatly square walls of the choir up to the window approach are still preserved. At the beginning of the 15th century, the church was extended to the west to include the nave and the indented west tower. The protruding wall on the east side indicates a higher roof. The tower got its present shape in several sections. In May 2015, cosmetic repairs were carried out on the west side of the tower and the south side of the nave .

The outer

Apart from the western section of the choir, the masonry consists of field stone in the lower part and brick above. In the choir, the field stone masonry is particularly regular (so-called field stone cuboid) and reaches almost half the height of the eaves, on the nave it is less than a third of the height of the eaves, and on the tower only a high base area. Portal and window walls are made entirely of brick, mostly molded bricks . The gable roof of the elevated church tower and the nave has been recently covered with hollow pan roof tiles. Two dormers with sound hatches stand on both sides of the tower roof . On the west side of the upper floor of the tower, above the stepped pointed arch portal, there is a window rosette in a pointed arch with triple stepped walls.

The west gable of the nave and the east gable of the choir are decorated with bricks. The east gable is decorated with two horizontal, narrow rows of plaster panels, separated by a toothed frieze as a German band . The pointed arch portals on the north nave are walled up, the pointed arch portal on the south side with its profiled and stepped walls was renewed in May 2015.

The church is surrounded by a well-tended, completely surrounding boulder wall.

The inner

Until the end of the 19th century, the interior of the church had a simple wooden beam ceiling, the last beam of which can still be seen on the west gable behind the organ. During the extensive renovation in 1897, the straight wooden beam ceiling was designed as a wooden barrel broken on four sides, reminiscent of an inverted ship's hull.

The chancel was also redesigned. The southern wooden gallery in the choir was removed, the inner east gable was raised smoothly and the central window was reinserted. The carved altar , the crucifix , the baptismal font and the pulpit were given new places. The baptismal bowl and the altar candlestick are brass forging around 1650. The baptismal bowl shows Eve handing the apple to Adam. The arms form a cross with the tree of life as a sign of reconciliation. The sculpture Lebensstrom by Otto Flath has been located south of the altar since 1994 . She was worked in Ulme in 1936.

The chandelier in the tower was donated by the Zempiner fishermen as a thank you for a lead catch in the backwaters on January 6, 1900. The windows were renewed in 2007 based on the old model. In 2009 the church was extensively renovated.

Winged altar

The carved altar made in the period before 1500 was restored in 1955, reassembled and is now on the east wall in the choir. Both the carved figures and the panel paintings on the wing's back wall are of great artistic quality, so that the origin from a Lübeck workshop can be assumed. According to more recent findings, the altar could also come from the workshop of the high altar of the Stralsund Nikolaikirche .

In the middle part of the shrine there is a very expressive crucifixion group with Mary and John under the cross of Jesus. Two pairs of saints stand on top of each other in the corresponding box wings on both sides . On the left side wing you can see Peter and Paul above , below Katharina and Barbara . Peter is missing the key and Katharina is missing the sword. At Katharina's feet, the emperor, whom she defeated in faith, pulls his beard. In the upper field of the right wing there is a saint martyr next to a bishop. Below you can see Anna the third of herself and Christophorus with the baby Jesus.

On both outer wings, female saints in contemporary costume can be seen in high quality painting under tendrils. On the left are Ursula and Maria Magdalena with the ointment vessel, on the right Margarete and Agnes with the lamb.

crucifix

An unusually large late Gothic wooden crucifix hangs on the northern wall of the choir above the baptism . The piece made of oak, about 2.33 meters in height, was probably made around 1400. In fact, its origin is unknown. Whether it is a Swedish job cannot be determined with certainty. The unusual design suggests that this could be a real hair crucifix, because on the top of the head there are eleven circularly arranged holes with remains of wooden nails.

The island chronicle reports that according to legend it should come from a Swedish ship that stranded on the coast off Koserow over 500 years ago. Koserow fishermen retrieved it from the Baltic Sea and brought it to the church. In the vernacular , it is also Vineta Cross named after the defunct Vineta.

After a poor condition, the partial loss of the right foot and damage to the body due to anobia infestation, Anja Gundermann from Greifswald restored the crucifix in 2007. Under the existing, rather unimaginative version, an almost complete baroque color scheme with strikingly depicted wounds and traces of blood could be exposed. This high-quality color version, which further increased the impression of martyrdom , was now visible again after the damaged wood substance was secured and further additions.

A modern wrought iron Vineta symbol can also be found on the chapel in Zempin .

organ

Grüneberg organ from 1897

The organ on the west gallery was built in 1897 by the Szczecin organ builder Barnim Grüneberg . It has a manual , a pedal and originally ten registers . The neo-Gothic prospect is characterized by three ogival pipe fields. The elevated central field has a gable with a three-pass and finial , the flanking side fields are crowned with battlements and pinnacles . During a comprehensive restoration in 1977 by the Schuster company from Zittau , the organ was expanded to four stops in the pedal and seven stops in the manual. A further restoration took place in 1994 by the organ building and restoration workshop Rainer Wolter , which at that time still had its workshop in Zudar on the island of Rügen. In the course of a restoration in 2012, the original disposition was restored by the Mecklenburg organ builder Wolfgang Nussbücker from Plau am See :

I Manual C – f 3
Drone 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Salicional 8th'
Gedakt 8th'
Octave 4 ′
flute 4 ′
Mixture II-III
Pedal C – d 1
Sub-bass 16 ′
Violon 8th'

Votive ship

The votive ship is a frigate 107 cm long, 16.5 cm wide and 101 cm high, built in 1823 by J. Labahn from Ückeritz. In maintop a white flag and the gaff a black and white Prussian flag with the eagle . According to oral tradition, this model is said to have been donated to the Koserow Church in 1823 by one or more fishermen from Ückeritz after a successful rescue from distress at sea. Further information is not available, since the written church chronicle does not begin until 1833 and the family name Labahn in Ückeritz was very numerous.

Repairs were carried out in 1936 by the Koserower pilot Riedel and in 1977 by L. Tiefer from Koserow. After severe damage in recent years by wood pests, the model was expertly renovated by church visitors from Stade , Büchen and Remshalden free of charge and has been hanging in the church again since June 14, 2009.

Bells

Today's bells in the church consist of the bronze bell cast in Stettin in 1886 by the bell caster Voss . According to tradition, a larger bell was taken away as spoils of war by Croatian migrants in imperial service during the Thirty Years' War . In 1895 it was found during excavation work in the Swine , lifted and taken to a museum in Szczecin, where it is said to be still today.

On July 3, 2011, a second bell was inaugurated after almost 400 years. Before that, the bell cage was renewed and a bell system was installed.

Pastors

1821–1827 Wilhelm Meinhold , then he received the higher endowed pastor's position in Krummin . During his time in Koserow, he wrote his first book Mixed Poems in 1826 . The pastor's daughter von Coserow and the religious epic St. Otto, Bishop of Bamberg or the cruise to Pomerania followed in 1826 . Names and events from the Koserow pastor's time around 1630 gave Meinhold motifs, which he processed in 1826 in his novel Die Bernsteinhexe , which was only published in 1841.

local community

The Protestant parish has been part of the Pasewalk provost in the Pomeranian Evangelical Church District of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany since 2012 . Before that she belonged to the Greifswald parish of the Pomeranian Evangelical Church .

The Koserow rectory includes the places Koserow (with church), Kölpinsee, Loddin, Ückeritz, Zempin (with church), Neu Pudagla and Stubbenfelde.

literature

swell

Unprinted sources

  • Stralsund City Archives
    • Manuscripts, No. 15 Real Estate, Registrations and Taxes 1703–1707.
    • Legacies, No. 75 Brigitte Metz, No. 42 Synod Usedom, No. 52 Churches on Usedom.
  • State Archives Greifswald
    • Postcard collection, No. 2.111 Koserow.

Web links

Commons : Koserower Kirche  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dirk Schleinert: Monasteries and churches up to the Reformation. 2005, pp. 41-42.
  2. ^ Robert Burkardt: Chronicle of the island of Usedom. 1912, p. 120.
  3. ↑ http://kirche-auf-usedom.de/kirchen/ev-kirche-koserow/
  4. ↑ Georg Dehio: Koserow. 2000, p. 287.
  5. ^ Norbert Buske, Gerd Baier: Village churches in the regional church Greifswald. 1984, p. 192. Also in The architectural and art monuments in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Western Pomerania coastal region. 1995. There, the carved altar at the Koserow village church is attributed to a Lübeck workshop. P. 318.
  6. ↑ Georg Dehio: Koserow, Lkr. Ostvorpommern. 2000, p. 287.
  7. ^ Norbert Buske, Gerd Baier: Koserow (district Wolgast). In: Village churches in the Greifswald regional church. 1984, p. 192.
  8. ↑ Frank Hösel: Koserow, church, medieval crucifix. 2008, p. 128.
  9. ↑ Hellmut Hannes: Medieval village church on the island of Usedom. 1982, p. 40.
  10. ↑ Frank Hösel: Koserow, church, medieval crucifix. 2008, p. 129.
  11. ^ Mecklenburg organ building: Grüneberg organ from 1897 , accessed on June 15, 2015.
  12. ^ Brigitte Metz: Church Koserow. 2009, pp. 67-68.
  13. ↑ Hellmut Hannes: Medieval village churches on the island of Usedom. 1982, p. 40.

Coordinates: 54 ° 2 ′ 52 "  N , 13 ° 59 ′ 54.4"  E