Labiau district

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The Labiau district was a district in East Prussia and existed from 1818 to 1945.

overview

The district had an area of ​​1078 km² and in 1939 was inhabited by approx. 51,000 inhabitants.

On January 1, 1945, Labiau County comprised:

  • the city of Labiau
  • and 118 other communities
  • and seven manor districts (forests).

Administrative history

Kingdom of Prussia

Before 1818 the administrative unit Amt Labiau existed , which included 61 places. The Prussian administrative reforms after the Congress of Vienna, which was created with the February 1, 1818 Circle Labiau in the administrative district of Kaliningrad in the Prussian province of East Prussia .

This included the parishes:

The district office was in Labiau.

Since December 3, 1829, the district - after the merger of the previous provinces of Prussia and West Prussia - belonged to the new province of Prussia with the seat in Königsberg i. Pr.

German Empire

Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . After the division of the province of Prussia into the new provinces of East Prussia and West Prussia, the Labiau district became part of East Prussia on April 1, 1878.

On January 9, 1884, the Michelau estate - an enclave in the Wehlau district - was ceded by the Labiau district to the Wehlau district. On July 1, 1891, the Julienhöhe and Willmanns estate districts from the Königsberg i. Pr. Incorporated into the Labiau district. On September 30, 1929, in line with developments in the rest of Prussia, a regional reform took place in the Labiau district, in which almost all previously independent manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities. Around 1930 the district of Labiau had around 50,000 inhabitants with a total area of ​​1066 square kilometers.

In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army and then came under Soviet administration. The resident German population, if they had not already fled, was subsequently expelled . Today the former district area belongs to the Russian Kaliningrad Oblast .

District administrators

Local constitution

The Labiau district was initially divided into an urban municipality, rural communities and - until they were almost completely eliminated - into independent manor districts.

With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitution Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all municipalities from January 1, 1934. The previous municipality of Labiau was now called the city .

With the introduction of the German municipal code of January 30, 1935, the leader principle was enforced on April 1, 1935 at the municipal level .

A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply .

Districts

In addition to the city of Labiau, there were 34 administrative districts in Labiau County between 1874 and 1945 :

Surname Change name
1938–1946		 Surname Change name
1938–1946
Bärwalde Mehlauken Liebenfelde
Bend this Mettkeim
Droosden Nemons Elchwerder
Geidlauken Heiligenhain Neuwiese
until 1930: dimming table tops
Gertlauken Obscherninken
1938–1946: Dachsfelde 		Korehlen
Gilge Pareyken
1938-1946: Goldberg 		Jackaulack
Big tree arrow
Hindenburg
until 1918: Groß Friedrichsgraben I		 Piplin Timber Harbor
Kaymen Kaimen Booze Markthausen
Klein Baum
until 1931 also: Rosenberg		 Reikenink Reiken
Klein Naujock, Forst
until 1902: Pöppeln, Forst		 Alder forest Scharlack
Kotta, forest Liebenfelde, Forst Schmerberg
Curonian Lagoon Tension rules
Rennet Sternberg
until 1931: Old or New Sternberg
Laukischken Tawellningken Taw wave break
Lukewarm Big moss break Uszballen
1938–1938: Uschballen		 Mühlenau
Legitten Wanghusen
until 1929 also: writing

Place names

In 1938, extensive changes to place names took place in Labiau County. Since mostly "not German enough", these were phonetic adjustments, translations or free inventions, for example:

  • Abschruten : Ehlertsfelde,
  • Agilla : Haffwerder,
  • Alt Domharthenen: Domhardtfelde,
  • Alt Heidendorf : Heidendorf,
  • Alt Heidlauken: Wiepenheide,
  • Alt Kirschnabeck: Kirschbeck,
  • Old Sussemilken : Friedrichsrode (Ostpr.)
  • Auxkallen: Ackerhof,
  • Bartuszen , 1936: Bartuschen, 1938: Bartelshöfen,
  • Berszgirren, 1936: Berschgirren, 1938: Birkenhöfen,
  • Beszarwen, 1936: Beszarwen, 1938: Scharhöfen,
  • Bielauken: Bielken,
  • Bit tendons : Biehnendorf,
  • Bittkallen : Bitterfelde,
  • Budwallen: Budewald,
  • Dedawe : Deimehöh,
  • Dwielen : Meißnershof,
  • Eszerningken , 1936: Escherningken, 1938: Gutfließ,
  • Florlauken: Blumenfelde (Ostpr.),
  • Geduhnlauken: memorials,
  • Geidlauken : Heiligenhain,
  • Groß Elxnupönen: Erlenfließ,
  • Groß Ischdaggen: Rodenwalde (Ostpr.),
  • Groß Kallkeninken: Groß Kalkfelde,
  • Big Kirschnakeim : Cherry germ,
  • Groß Reikeninken : Reiken,
  • Groß Rudlauken : Rotenfeld
  • Jourlauken: Kleinkreuzweg,
  • Juwendt : Möwenort,
  • Kaymen : Kaimen
  • Kallweninken: hill town,
  • Kelladden: Waldwinkel (Ostpr.),
  • Kermuschienen: Forstreutershof,
  • Klein Elxnupönen : Kleinerlenfließ,
  • Klein Kallkeninken: Kleinkalkfelde,
  • Klein Kirschnakeim : Kleinschanzkrug,
  • Klein Naujock: Alder forest,
  • Klein Reikeninken: Kleinreiken,
  • Klewienen: Seegershöfen,
  • Kreutzweg: Way of the Cross,
  • Kupstien: Moorfelde,
  • Labagien : Haffwinkel,
  • Lankeninken: Langenheim,
  • Lappienen: Daudertshöfen,
  • Lauknen : Hohenbruch (East Pr.)
  • Lauszen, 1936: listening, 1938: fallow yards,
  • Leiszen: 1936: Leischen, 1938: Hirschdorf,
  • Lucknojen : Neuenrode,
  • Luschninken : Friedrichsmühle,
  • Mauschern: Kleinlangendorf,
  • Mehlauken : Liebenfelde (Ostpr.),
  • Mehlathal: Liebenhof,
  • Mehlavischken: place of love,
  • Minchenwalde : Lindenhorst,
  • Nemons : Elchwerder,
  • New Domharthenen : Kleindomhardtfelde,
  • New Kirschnabeck : Kleinhirschdorf,
  • New Sussemilken: New Friedrichsrode,
  • Obscherninken: Dachsfelde,
  • Packalwen: mountain farms,
  • Paggarszwienen, 1936: Paggarschwienen, 1938: Krauseneck,
  • Pannaugen: Habichtswalde,
  • Panzerlauken : Panzerfelde,
  • Paring: pairing,
  • Pareyken : Goldberg (East Prussia),
  • Paschwentschen : Wittenrode,
  • Paschwirgsten: Bünden,
  • Patilszen, 1936: Patilschen, 1938: Kunzenrode,
  • Peldszen, 1936: Peldschen, 1938: Deimemünde,
  • Permauern : walls (East Pr.),
  • Petricken: Welmdeich,
  • Petruschkehmen : Kleinburgsdorf,
  • Piplin: Timber Harbor,
  • Platoons : wide hallway,
  • Plompen: Heiligenfließ,
  • Popelken : Markthausen,
  • Pustlauken: Hallenau,
  • Rogainen : Hornfelde,
  • Rudflorlauken: Kleinblumenfelde,
  • Rudlauken: Göbelshof,
  • Schaudienen : Kornhöfen,
  • Schelecken : Schlicken,
  • Schetricken: Wiepenheide,
  • Schillgallen: Heiderode,
  • Schlepecken : small pronits,
  • Schmilgienen : Kornfelde (Ostpr.),
  • Schwarzlauken: Kleindaudertshöfen,
  • Schwirgslauken : Herzfelde (Ostpr.),
  • Serpentines: Beerendorf (Ostpr.)
  • Skieslauken: Mörnersfelde
  • Serving the Skrus : Steinrode,
  • Stellienen: Deimetal,
  • Szallgirren, 1936: Schallgirren, 1938: Schliebenwalde,
  • Szanzell, 1936: Schanzell, 1938: Schanzkrug
  • Szargillen , 1936: Schargillen, 1938: Eichenrode,
  • Tawellningken: Tawellenbruch,
  • Treinlauken: Kreuzberg,
  • Uszballen: 1936: Uschballen, 1938: Mühlenau,
  • Uszkampen, 1936: Uschkampen, 1938: Kleinmarkthausen,
  • Wilkowischken: Wolfshof,
  • Wittgirren: Weißenbruch.

Personalities

literature

  • Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, p. 9, point 2.
  • Prussian Ministry of Finance: The results of the property and building tax assessment in the Königsberg administrative region. Berlin 1966, Kreis labiau, pp. 1-51.
  • Adolf Schlott: Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Königsberg, according to official sources. Hartung, Königsberg 1861, pp. 141-151.
  • Leopold Krug : The Prussian Monarchy - represented topographically, statistically and economically. Part 1: East Prussia Province. Berlin 1833, pp. 241-295 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Office of Labiau . In: Economic-Technological Encyclopedia. Volume 58 (edited by Johann Georg Krünitz, Friedrich Jakob Floerken, Heinrich Gustav Flörke, Johann Wilhelm David Korth, Carl Otto Hoffmann and Ludwig Kossarski), Berlin 1792, pp. 40–43.
  2. ↑ The Big Brockhaus . 15th edition, 11th volume, Leipzig 1932, p. 4.
  3. ^ Rolf Jehke, cities and administrative districts, Labiau district