Matrossowo (Kaliningrad, Polessk)
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Matrosovo
Gilge Matrosovo
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Matrossowo ( Russian Матро́сово , translatable roughly with sailor village , German Gilge , Lithuanian Gilija ) is a town in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad . It belongs to the local government unit Stadtkreis Polessk in Polessky District .
Geographical location
The place is in the middle of the natural region of the Elk Lowlands at the mouth of the Matrossowka ( Gilge , also Gilgestrom ), an arm of the river in the Memel Delta , in the Curonian Lagoon . Above (to the east) of Matrossowo branches off the Polesski Canal (on this section the Seckenburger Canal , then Großer Friedrichsgraben ), a waterway built in Prussian times between 1675 and 1833, which established an inland connection between Gilge, Nemonien and Deime . Matrossowo is the terminus of the municipal road 27K-147 from the Polessk district (Labiau) . There is no train connection.
Place name
Until 1945 the place was called Gilge after the arm of the river . This name is derived from the Prussian gilus, gilin, gillis for deep .
history
After German settlers came to the area in the second half of the 14th century, the village was first mentioned in documents in 1411. In 1497 the village received the right to be a jug.
The place once called Gyllige was a fishing village with a forestry department. In 1874 it became an official village and gave its name to a newly established administrative district in the Labiau district in the Königsberg administrative district of the Prussian province of East Prussia . The first fixed road connection reached the settlement on the lagoon in 1929, before the route across the water dominated. At that time there were two mills, the largest reed weaving mill in East Prussia , two schools and ten grocery stores.
On January 21, 1945 the place was occupied by the Soviet troops. With northern East Prussia, Gilge came to the Soviet Union . In 1947 the place was given the Russian name Matrossowo and at the same time was assigned to the village Soviet Saliwenski selski Sowet in Slavsk Raion . Later the place came to the Golowkinski selski Sowet in Polessk Raion . From 2008 to 2016 Matrossowo belonged to the rural municipality Golovkinskoje selskoje posselenije and since then to the urban district of Polessk.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1910 | 1,566 |
| 1933 | 1,322 |
| 1939 | 1,157 |
| 2002 | 122 |
| 2010 | 116 |
Gilge County
The administrative district of Gilge, which existed from 1874 to 1945, only had two rural communities: Gilge and Marienburch (Russian: Sashenzy, no longer existent today).
church
See main article → Gilge Church
Church building
In 1707 the first church was built as a half-timbered church . It was replaced by a neo-Gothic brick building in 1851. The church did not have a tower. Of the two stepped gables, the one in the west had a tower that housed a bell chamber. The interior of the church was simple, with the altar and pulpit forming a unit. Some figures from the old church could be transferred to the new church.
The church survived the Second World War unscathed. Demolition began in the 1950s to extract building materials. Today there is no trace of the church that stood north of the Gilgestrom.
Parish
The Gilge parish was the northernmost in the Labiau district and was created in 1707 through a spin-off from the parish of the Labiau town church . With the branch community Juwendt (1938–1946: Möwenort, today Russian: Rasino), which was established in 1909 , it belonged to the parish of Labiau in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union until 1945 .
If church life came to a standstill after 1945 due to the flight and displacement of the local population, a new Evangelical-Lutheran congregation was formed in Matrossowo in the 1990s, consisting mainly of Russian- Germans. It is part of the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia .
The former rectory from German times is still preserved today. Today it serves as a hotel and bears the name "Gilge"
Personalities
- Kurt Pastenaci (1894–1961), German journalist, writer and historian
- Helene Dauter, b. Lascheit (* 1920 in Gilge, † 1996 in Groß Nordsee ), painter
literature
- Horst-Günter Benkmann: Gilge, a fishing village on the Curonian Lagoon in East Prussia. Lügde-Niese, 1995.
- Economic-technological encyclopedia. Volume 58 (edited by Johann Georg Krünitz, Friedrich Jakob Floerken, Heinrich Gustav Flörke, Johann Wilhelm David Korth, Carl Otto Hoffmann and Ludwig Kossarski), Berlin 1792, pp. 44–45.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ Dietrich Lange: Geographical Register of Places East Prussia: Gilge (2005)
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 ноября 1947 г. «О переименовании населённых пунктов Калининградской области» (Ordinance of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR "On the Renaming of Places in Kaliningrad Oblast" of November 17, 1947)
- ↑ census data
- ^ Rolf Jehke: Gilge district
- ↑ Кирха Гильге The Gilge Church at prussia39.ru (with photo from 1930)
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 2: Pictures of East Prussian Churches , Göttingen, Volume 2, p. 59, Fig. 190
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch: History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. P. 464.
- ↑ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ The former parsonage and current hotel "Gilge"
