Linnich

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Linnich
Linnich
Map of Germany, position of the city of Linnich highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 59 ′  N , 6 ° 16 ′  E

Basic data
State : North Rhine-Westphalia
Administrative region : Cologne
Circle : Düren
Height : 73 m above sea level NHN
Area : 65.43 km 2
Residents: 12,662 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 194 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 52441
Primaries : 02462, 02463Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / area code contains text
License plate : DN, JÜL, MON, SLE
Community key : 05 3 58 036
LOCODE : DE LIH
City structure: 13 districts or city ​​districts

City administration address : 		Rurdorfer Strasse 64
52441 Linnich
Website : www.linnich.de
Mayor : Marion Christine Schunck-Zenker ( SPD )
Location of the city of Linnich in the Düren district
Kreis Düren Nordrhein-Westfalen Rhein-Erft-Kreis Kreis Euskirchen Rhein-Kreis Neuss Kreis Heinsberg Stadt Aachen Städteregion Aachen Belgien Heimbach Kreuzau Nideggen Vettweiß Düren Jülich Langerwehe Titz Merzenich Aldenhoven Hürtgenwald Nörvenich Inden Niederzier Linnichmap
About this picture
Linnich

Linnich is the northernmost and third largest city in the Düren district in North Rhine-Westphalia . It is located exactly in the middle between the cities of Mönchengladbach in the northeast and Aachen in the southwest on the Rur .

geography

Geographical location

Linnich and its surrounding area are located in the north of the Jülich Börde , at the transition from the Cologne Bay to the Lower Rhine lowlands . The city ​​center of Linnich is located in the Rur valley to the left of the Rur. The associated districts are grouped around, with Körrenzig and Tetz also in the Rur Valley. Even if Linnich is not located directly in the Rhenish lignite mining district , there are numerous effects of the nearby opencast mines in the city area.

City structure

Waters

Neighboring communities

Geilenkirchen Hückelhoven Erkelenz
Baesweiler Neighboring communities Titz
Aldenhoven Jülich
  • City of Hückelhoven (9 km), district of Heinsberg
  • City of Erkelenz (11 km), district of Heinsberg
  • Titz municipality (10 km), Düren district
  • City of Jülich (11 km), Düren district
  • Aldenhoven municipality (10 km), Düren district
  • City of Baesweiler (15 km), city ​​region of Aachen
  • City of Geilenkirchen (14 km), district of Heinsberg

history

Map of Linnich and the surrounding area from the topographical survey of the Rhineland

The first written mention of the place dates back to the year 888 and testifies to the donation of the royal estate "Linnica" by King Lothar II to the Marienstift Aachen in 851. The name Linnich goes back to its presumed founder, a Celt named Linus. The Fronhofverband in "linneghe" or "Linneche" belonged to the property of Prüm Abbey, this is documented in the Prümer Urbar property register. The abbey had its rights protected by the bailiffs von Randerath . They gradually acquired more rights and finally in 1368 the Fronhof, which had grown into a larger settlement association. In the 14th century they elevated the settlement to a city. In 1392 the "Stad van Linneyke" was first mentioned in a deed of purchase. Duke Wilhelm III. von Jülich had acquired the legacy of the last descendant of the Randerath dynasty. In 1397 the fortified city was captured and destroyed by the Duke of Brabant.

The 16th century brought an economic boom for urban development. Duke Wilhelm the Rich also tolerated the new Reformed teaching in his territory. At the end of the Thirty Years' War the city suffered from troops passing through from different sides. In 1679 the troops of the French King Louis XIV conquered Linnich. The Hubertus Cross near Linnich, renewed in 1776 , commemorates the historic Hubertus Battle of 1444 between the Duchy of Geldern and the Duchy of Jülich, which thanks to the victory was able to incorporate Geldrian territories.

After the destruction on October 2, 1794 during the battle in the first coalition war between the French revolutionary troops and the Prussian / Austrian troops, Linnich belonged to France and was the capital of a canton from 1798 to 1814 (which included the Jülich-Land towns on the left of the Rur ) in the Département de la Roer . After the French occupation, Linnich initially lost the status of a city under Prussian rule. In 1820 the city fortifications began to be torn down. In 1846 the place received city rights again and on December 15, 1911 a rail connection. In the 1920s, Linnich even became a bathroom for a few years.

The Second World War brought the end of the old town of Linnich, as did the ducal town of Jülich to the south , Linnich was also more than 90 percent destroyed in the course of the fighting between late 1944 and early 1945. In 1944 the scene of one of the bloodiest tank battles on the Rur front was to take place at the same location as the Hubertus Battle . This was the fourth and heaviest after the destruction in 1393, 1397 and 1794. On December 3, 1944, Linnich was captured by American troops after several days of fighting. Only on February 23, 1945 did the crossing over the Rur (" Operation Grenade ") take place south of Linnich . The former Breitenbend Castle on the right of the Rur was also badly damaged by the war, so that it was gradually demolished in 1950 and 1973.

In 1992 and 2002 Linnich was shaken by the earthquake in the Rhenish plain . The Catholic parish church of St. Martinus was particularly hard hit. The slope on which it stands could slide off in another quake.

Incorporations

On July 1, 1969, the previously independent communities of Boslar, Ederen, Gereonsweiler, Gevenich, Glimbach, Hottorf, Körrenzig, Rurdorf, Tetz and Welz were incorporated. On January 1, 1972, Floßdorf was added.

Population development

At the beginning of the 20th century, the population grew steadily - as in general in the German Empire at that time . The table shows the population of the core city before the municipal reorganization in 1969.

year 1890 1925 1933 1939 1961 2019
Residents 2062 2184 2248 2337 3844 4280

Religions

Evangelical Church on Altermarkt
Memorial stone for the synagogue

In addition to the Catholic and Protestant congregations, a Jewish congregation existed in Linnich until 1938. After Jews had settled in Linnich in the Middle Ages, Jews again settled in the city in the modern era . In 1861 123 people lived here. There was a Jewish cemetery , a Jewish school and a synagogue , which was built in 1913. In the November pogrom of 1938 , the synagogue on the north promenade was desecrated and set on fire. Today a memorial commemorates the synagogue.

politics

Coat of arms, flag and banner

  • Coat of arms of the city of Linnich

  • Flag of the city of Linnich

  • Banner of the city of Linnich

Blazon : "In the golden (yellow) divided shield above a red-tongued and red-armored black lion, below in three rows of five fields each made of red and gold (yellow)."

The city coat of arms goes back to a jury seal from 1392. In the upper part it shows an uncrowned lion belonging to the Dukes of Jülich and in the lower part a box made of red and gold in three rows, which is reminiscent of the older rule of the House of Randerath .

Description of the flag: “The city of Linnich carries a flag with the colors" black and yellow "with the coat of arms in the middle field. It can also be used as a banner. "

City council

The city ​​council is the municipal representative of the people of the city of Linnich. The citizens decide on the composition every five years. The last election took place on May 25, 2014.

Local election 2014
Turnout: 56.73% (2009: 61.62%)
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
36.43%
29.80%
20.54%
8.10%
3.50%
1.64%
Gains and losses
compared to 2009
 % p
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
-5.57  % p
+ 3.17  % p.p.
+ 3.33  % p.p.
+ 0.41  % p
-2.97  % p
+1.64  % p
year CDU SPD FDP GREEN EB UWG Pirates total
1946 k. A. k. A. k. A. - - - - -
1948 7th 4th 0 - - 1 - 12
1952 6th 2 1 - - - - 9
1956 11 5 2 - - - - 18th
1961 12 4th 2 - - - - 18th
1964 k. A. k. A. k. A. - - - - -
1969 k. A. k. A. k. A. - - - - -
1975 22nd 10 1 - - - - 33
1979 20th 11 2 - - - - 33
1984 19th 12 2 - - - - 33
1989 16 15th 2 - - - - 33
1994 18th 13 0 2 - - - 33
1999 18th 12 1 1 - - - 32
2004 16 10 2 3 1 - - 32
2009 13 9 2 2 - 6th - 32
2014 12 9 1 3 - 6th 1 32

The information before the municipal reorganization relates to the council of the (core) city of Linnich. The city councilors of the FDP parliamentary group resigned from the FDP in 1992 and founded the Free parliamentary group Linnich (FFL). They remained loyal to the list connection with the SPD. In 1994 (before the election) an SPD city councilor switched to the FDP. From 1999 to 2004 the Greens and the FDP formed a parliamentary group. In the 2014–2020 election period, the FDP and the PIRATE PARTY will form a parliamentary group.

Majorities:

  • until 1989: CDU
  • 1989-1992: SPD, FDP
  • 1992-1994: SPD, FFL
  • 1994-2009: CDU
  • 2009–2011: SPD, UWG PKL, Greens
  • since 2011: none

Town twinning and cooperation

Linnich has had a partnership with the northern French city ​​of Lesquin near Lille since 1974 .

The city of Linnich belongs to the Euregio Meuse-Rhine European region and is a member of the Indeland development company, a project for new perspectives in the Rhenish lignite mining area .

Culture, sights and tourism

Parish Church of St. Martinus
50 ° 58 ′ 44.5 ″  N , 6 ° 16 ′ 11 ″  E

Museums

Buildings

Rurdorfer Wehr 50 ° 58 ′ 12.7 ″  N , 6 ° 16 ′ 43 ″  E

Monuments

Walking and cycling paths

South promenade with a view of Mahrstrasse
  • Promenade trail - The promenade trail with its four parts runs partly along the former city fortifications in Linnich.
Foot or bike path from Linnich to Welz

Regular events

  • Andreasmarkt - The Andreasmarkt takes place annually on Monday around St. Andrea's Day (November 30th).
  • Shooting Festival - The big shooting festival of all three shooting societies , the Hubertus shooting , the Sebastianus shooting and the shooting guild , called the "Linnicher Bronk", takes place every year from Saturday after Pentecost to Corpus Christi.
  • Culture Week - Since 2006 the Linnich Culture Week has been taking place in mid-September with numerous exhibitions and events in local museums, churches, schools and other places. Since 2010 it has become the Linnich Cultural Summer, which started with events in July and ended with the final week at the end of September.
  • As part of the cultural summer, the Linnich Children's Mile will be organized by the city of Linnich on the 3rd weekend in September.
  • Maifest - The Maifest of the bachelor association Körrenzig 1843 e. V. takes place every year at the beginning of May in the Linnich town of Körrenzig.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Linnich final stop

Rurtalbahn

Since 2002, Linnich has had access to rail traffic again via the newly built Linnich SIG Combibloc stop . The travel time of the Rurtalbahn trains is around 12 minutes to Jülich and around 30 minutes. to Düren. A continuation of the route to the north is being discussed. Linnich had had access to the Jülich – Dalheim railway line from Linnich station on the right of the Rur since 1911 . On this route in the Jülich - Baal section, passenger traffic was greatly thinned out in the 1960s, and the growing individual traffic made matters worse. The resulting drop in passenger numbers prompted the Federal Railroad to stop passenger services between Jülich and Baal on September 29, 1968. The Dürener Kreisbahn (DKB) decided to reactivate the section between Linnich and Jülich (now as a continuation of the Jülich – Düren railway ) in 2002. Linnich had access to rail traffic for the first time in 34 years (in the direction of Jülich / Düren). The old station area has been used to park freight wagons and regional sprinters since it was reactivated. The former station building still exists, has never been renovated and is now privately owned.

bus

Linnich is connected to the surrounding cities of Aldenhoven, Jülich, Baesweiler, Übach-Palenberg and Hückelhoven by various bus routes. Special buses go to discos in Jülich and Randerath (Himmerich). An express bus connects Linnich with Lindern and thus enables quick access to the DB route network between Aachen and Düsseldorf.

Connection of the city of Linnich to the surrounding cities

Streets

Linnich is connected to the road network by expressways and motorways via the connection points listed below. All connection points are in max. 10 km drive from the city ​​center .

  • B 57 : To the north, the city of Linnich has a connection in the direction of Erkelenz and Aachen
  • A 44 : Aachen – Mönchengladbach (junction 6 Aldenhoven, junction 9 Titz)
  • A 46 : Heinsberg – Neuss (junction 8 Erkelenz Süd)

Established businesses

Public facilities

Postcard with royal teacher seminar

At the end of the 19th century Linnich owned a royal teachers' college in the center of Linnich. A good quarter of the core city consists of the area of ​​the State Office for Training, Further Education and Personnel Matters of the NRW Police - Linnich Education Center (LAFP - BZ Linnich). The popularly known “Police School” has had this name since July 1, 2007. The previous name between 2004 and 2007 was “Institute for Training and Advanced Training of the Police in North Rhine-Westphalia - Linnich Education Center”. During the Weimar period, this area served as a school for physical exercises as part of military training at the national sports schools , and was then taken over by the SA . After the Second World War, the installations for the police were reactivated. Since the arrival of the first police officers on February 29, 1952, first the riot police, Section IV Linnich, with their teaching groups and hundreds as accommodation. In 1996, the hundreds of riot police were incorporated into the major authorities and the district governments . The new name of the police facility was then Linnich Police Training Institute . Here young men and women were trained to be police officers . In addition to the training for the middle police service, the training of which lasted 2½ years, parts of the training for the higher service (police commissioner candidates) were also carried out in Linnich.

According to a resolution of the NRW Interior Minister Ingo Wolf on May 10, 2007, the "Police School" will no longer play a role in the planning of the central training and further training of the NRW Police Department from January 1, 2008. The central vehicle registration office for police vehicles in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia has been located in the former police school since September 17, 2007. All police ID cards in the country are also issued there. In addition to Selm and Brühl , the leasing vehicles of the police are changed in Linnich. Today, the NRW police conduct various advanced training courses in the training facilities and lecture halls . On June 26, 2008, the police presidents of Aachen and Mönchengladbach and the district administrators from Düren, Heinsberg and Neuss in Linnich signed a cooperation agreement to set up a regional training center for the NRW police in Linnich. In the period from August 30, 2004 to June 30, 2006, some buildings were used by the North Rhine-Westphalia University of Finance.

The building of the former royal teachers' college has meanwhile served as a dormitory for foreign students of the Aachen University of Applied Sciences , Jülich department. From 2009 the building on Rurdorfer Straße became the location of the Freshman Institute of the FH Aachen. In ten-month seminars, this offers foreign students both living space and classrooms to prepare for studying in Germany. In September 2013, the rental contracts for use by the Freshman Institute expired and this has relocated its location to Geilenkirchen. It is planned to relocate part of the FH Finance NRW - as in 2006 - to the site. In addition, dilapidated buildings, including the teachers' seminar, are to be demolished for the benefit of marketing to private investors. The former warning office in the district of Welz was meanwhile the seat of the Federal Police Inspection Aachen. The buildings are currently being used as refugee accommodation for the city of Linnich.

Site of the municipal secondary school Linnich

education

The following schools and institutions are located in the school center on Bendenweg:

  • Catholic elementary school
  • Community elementary school
  • Open all-day school at the primary schools
  • Comprehensive School Aldenhoven-Linnich
  • Community secondary school (expiring)
  • Municipal secondary school (expiring)
  • Rheinische Förderschule, special focus on physical and motor development, of the Rhineland Regional Association
  • Indoor swimming pool and sports halls

Personalities

Born in Linnich

Connected with Linnich

  • Heinrich Oidtmann (1838–1890), doctor and founder of the Linnich glass painting workshop
  • Heinrich Oidtmann II (1861–1912), doctor, author and entrepreneur, son of Heinrich Oidtmann
  • Heinrich Weitz (1890–1962), politician, Finance Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia from 1947 to 1952, after whom the bridge over the Rur was named
  • Hans Brückmann (1897–1979), senior city director in Düren from 1948 to 1962
  • Eberhard Pohl (* 1953), diplomat
  • Robert Leipertz (* 1993), football player

literature

  • Ulrich Coenen: Architectural treasures in the Düren district . 2nd edition, Aachen 1989. ISBN 3-925714-27-8
  • Linnicher history association, Dolfen, Kramp u. a .: Linnich through the ages . 1st edition, 1992. ISBN 3-87227-039-7
  • August Berns: Historical news about the city of Linnich and its surroundings. Quos, Linnich 1863. Digitized

Web links

Commons : Linnich  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 .  ( Help on this )
  2. ^ Heinz Friedrich: St. Martinus in Linnich. (= Rheinische Kunststätten Heft 138.) = P. 4th
  3. ^ Heinz Friedrich: St. Martinus in Linnich (= Rheinische Kunststätten Heft 138.) p. 5.
  4. ↑ Operation Grenade (English)
  5. ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 99 .
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 308 .
  7. ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Jülich district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. ↑ Irmgard Loosen: Memories of the Jewish community in Linnich , ed. from the Linnich History Association, Jülich 1994
  9. ↑ Main statute of the city of Linnich, § 2 Paragraph 1 to 3. (PDF; 62 kB) Retrieved on December 21, 2012 .
  10. ^ City of Linnich. European / Local elections 2014. May 25, 2014, accessed October 30, 2014 .
  11. ^ City of Linnich. Local elections 2009. August 30, 2009, accessed October 30, 2014 .
  12. ↑ Historical promenade circuit (PDF; 442 kB)
  13. ^ Arnd Krüger , Frank von Lojewski: Selected aspects of military sports in Lower Saxony in the Weimar period. In: Hans Langenfeld , Stefan Nielsen (Hrsg.): Contributions to the sports history of Lower Saxony. Part 2: Weimar Republic. (⇐ NISH series of publications, Vol. 12). Nish, Hoya 1998, ISBN 3-932423-02-X , pp. 124-148.
  14. ↑ http://www.aachener-zeitung.de/lokales/juelich/teil-der-polizeischule-wird-trainingslager-1.332931
  15. ↑ http://www.aachener-zeitung.de/lokales/juelich/polizeischule-linnich-wird-teilweise-abgerissen-1.698999