Local railway stock company

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Local railway stock company
legal form AG
founding 1887
resolution 1938
Seat Munich
Branch traffic

The Lokalbahn Aktien-Gesellschaft , LAG for short, was a Munich-based private company whose business purpose was the construction and operation of local and secondary railways in Germany and Austria . It existed from 1887 to 1938.

history

Localbahn AG bond for 1000 marks dated March 12, 1891
Law on the nationalization of the local railway company in Munich of June 16, 1938

The company was founded on February 9, 1887 by the Krauss & Co. locomotive factory and the “Lechner & Krüzner local railway construction and operating company”. Theodor Lechner , a former engineer at Krauss & Co., became director of the new company. Krauss brought the narrow-gauge Feldabahn in Saxony-Weimar built in 1879/80 into the new company. This was only integrated into the LAG on January 1, 1891 (takeover of operational management).

The LAG quickly developed into a major transport company. From 1889 to 1891 alone, the routes grew by 430 operating kilometers. However, there was no cohesive network. The routes were built where a corresponding volume of traffic could be expected due to tourism, mineral resources, industry or agriculture and forestry. The LAG had no preference for a specific system, there was steam and electrical operation, standard and narrow gauge and its own subgrade or shared use of roads. The activities were supplemented at least temporarily with a cog railway ( Schafbergbahn ), steamboat trips on the Wolfgangsee and horse and car operation.

The LAG showed itself to be extremely progressive with the introduction of the electric train operation: The Württemberg railway line Meckenbeuren – Tettnang was the first electrically operated full- line railway in Germany ( Oskar von Miller , among others, was involved in the planning ), and it set up the first single-phase on the purchased Ammergaubahn Murnau - Oberammergau -AC operation in Germany, to whose power supply she adapted the Kammerl hydropower plant .

In addition to its own routes in southern Germany, the company owned the majority of the shares in the Lausitzer Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft as well as holdings in the Salzkammergut-Lokalbahn -Aktiengesellschaft and the Central Bank for Railway Values. The latter, in particular through the West Hungarian Local Railway Company, had an impact on numerous railway lines in Hungary with a total length of over 700 kilometers that had been built by the LAG.

Society faced great difficulties during the First World War and in the years thereafter. In particular, the loss of the Hungarian routes weighed heavily on the balance sheet. After overcoming inflation, things picked up again, but the global economic crisis and increasing competitive pressure from vehicle lines brought the company to the brink of ruin in the early 1930s.

With loans from the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft , a capital reduction and waivers by the states of Bavaria and Württemberg, a further restructuring was achieved in 1934, but it only postponed the end. With effect from August 1, 1938, the entire property was transferred to the German Reich due to a Reich law .

Railway lines in Germany

Standard gauge railways

Start of operation: July 29, 1888.
In Sonthofen shared terminus with the Bavarian State Railways . The LAG also took over the management of the Sonthofen - Immenstadt an der Allgäu Railway from the State Railways .
Start of operation: June 1, 1889. On May 18, 1889 the body of Queen Mother Marie of Bavaria was transported by train.
Start of operation: July 21, 1889.
On January 1, 1908, the Bavarian State Railroad took over the line as part of what would later become the Munich – Garmisch-Partenkirchen line .
Start of operations: Fürth – Zirndorf on November 30, 1890, to Cadolzburg on October 14, 1892.
The railway was in Niederlausitz (East Brandenburg and Lower Silesia, now Poland), today it is shut down.
Start of operation: Hansdorf – Priebus, 22.9 km on October 1, 1895.
Rauscha – Freiwaldau, 8.4 km on December 1, 1896.
Teuplitz – Sommerfeld , 19.6 km on October 1, 1897.
Muskau – Teuplitz , 23.1 km on June 15, 1898
Priebus – Lichtenberg, 6.9 km on October 1, 1913
Start of operation: Munich Isartalbahnhof - Munich-Thalkirchen, 2.1 km on April 10, 1892 (G), on June 1, 1892 (P)
Munich-Thalkirchen– Schäftlarn , 16 km long on June 10, 1891
Schäftlarn– Wolfratshausen , 7.9 km long on July 27, 1891
Wolfratshausen – Beuerberg, 10.9 km long on August 15, 1897
Beuerberg– Bichl , 13.5 km long on May 23, 1898
From 1900 electrical operation (600 V =) between Munich and Höllriegelskreuth-Grünwald.
Sections of the route have been closed since 1959. The rest is now part of the Munich S-Bahn network .
Start of operation: August 15, 1896.
Built by Lokalbahn AG, Bad Wörishofen. Purchased and operated by LAG on November 12, 1905 including 2 railcars and power station.
Start of operation: May 28, 1897.
The local railway Bad Aibling – Feilnbach was built by the "Actiengesellschaft Elektricitätswerke", Dresden , which in 1899 founded the Süddeutsche Elektro Lokalbahnen Aktiengesellschaft (SEL) as the operating company. After the bankruptcy of the SEL in 1901, the Bavarian State Railroad temporarily carried out operations. Takeover of the vehicles and the power plant and operation by LAG on January 1, 1904. In 1959, converted to 15 kV alternating current and closed in 1973.
Start of operation: May 1, 1900, test drives from November 1898.
The planned three-phase operation could not be realized.
Built by OL Kummer & Cie., Dresden. After its bankruptcy, the Bavarian State Railroad temporarily took over operations until the Lokalbahn AG became the owner on November 19, 1903 and initially continued operations with steam locomotives.
From January 1, 1905, electrical operation with 5.5 kV 16 Hz alternating current.
Start of operation: December 4, 1895 with 2 railcars. Own power plant until 1926, the Schussenkraftwerk . Rail bus operation from February 1, 1962.
Shutdown: May 30, 1976.

Narrow-gauge railways

Start of operation: Salzungen – Dorndorf – Lengsfeld, 19.7 km long, June 1, 1879 (freight traffic), June 22, 1879 (passenger traffic).
Dorndorf – Vacha, 5 km long, August 10, 1879.
Lengsfeld – Dermbach, 8.8 km long, October 6, 1879.
Dermbach – Kaltennordheim, 10.6 km long, June 24, 1880 (freight traffic), July 1, 1880 (passenger traffic).
The line was taken over by the Prussian State Railroad on May 20, 1902 and started operating in regular gauge from Salzungen via Dorndorf to Vacha on July 7, 1906.
Start of operation of the narrow gauge section (1,000 mm): Ravensburg – Weingarten, 4.1 km long, January 6, 1888 (P), July 15, 1888 (G).
Extension to Baienfurt on September 13, 1911 by 2.5 km.
Initially steam operation, from September 1, 1910 electrical operation 700 V =.
Closure of narrow-gauge operations in two stages on February 22, 1959 (Ravensburg – Weingarten) and on June 30, 1959 (Weingarten – Baienfurt).
Start of operation of the standard gauge with freight traffic: Niederbiegen – Baienfurt – Weingarten on October 1, 1911, 0.9 km of which is three-rail with the tram. Steam operation.
Walhallabahn terminus at Wörth an der Donau
Start of operation: Stadtamhof / Regensburg – Donaustauf, 8.7 km long, June 23, 1889 (P), May 1, 1892 (G).
Donaustauf – Wörth / Donau, 14.7 km long, May 1, 1903.
From 1911/12 onwards roll-head traffic. From 1955 operation by diesel locomotives.
Cessation of passenger traffic on October 1, 1960. Complete closure on December 31, 1968.
Start of operation: May 8, 1893 with factory connections in the urban area of ​​Forst (Lausitz).

Locomotives and wagons

Tank locomotive Füssen of the local rail company Aktien-Gesellschaft

The LAG received a total of 89 tank locomotives from the Krauss & Co. locomotive factory, of which 50 still came to the Deutsche Reichsbahn in 1938. The standard gauge machines were mainly assigned to the 98 series. In addition, 5 electric locomotives and 14 standard gauge railcars and 6 narrow-gauge railcars went to the DR.

In terms of passenger cars, 133 standard-gauge wagons and 34 narrow-gauge wagons changed to the DR. Baggage wagons and freight wagons are indicated with 228 for normal-gauge and 40 for narrow-gauge. In addition, the Reichsbahn received 74 roller stands.

The Füssen tank locomotive from 1889 is still operational.

Special

Lookout tower, popularly called "pencil"

In addition to the construction and operation of railway lines, the company saw the stimulation of excursion traffic in some regions as its task. Among other things, the company erected buildings such as the observation tower built in 1893 near Cadolzburg , popularly known as the "pencil", to encourage excursion traffic to Cadolzburg.

literature

  • Gerd Wolff: German small and private railways. Volume 7: Bavaria. EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2002, ISBN 3-88255-666-8 , pp. 243-359.
  • Stephan Kuchinke: The Localbahn Aktiengesellschaft. A Bavarian private railway and its history. Transpress, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-613-71125-7 .
  • Josef Dollhofer: The Walhalla-Bockerl. History of the Walhalla Railway. Book publisher of the Mittelbayerische Zeitung, Regensburg 1995, ISBN 3-921114-30-6 .
  • Hermann Bürnheim: Localbahn A.-G. Munich. Zeunert, Gifhorn 1974, ISBN 3-921237-21-1 ( Kleinbahn books ).
  • The development of the German railways 1835–1935. German Reichsbahn. ES Mittler, Berlin 1935.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sylvia Fehlinger: Hiking in Cadolzburg. In: nordbayern.de. October 15, 2011, accessed April 29, 2016 .

Web links