Louny

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Louny
Louny Coat of Arms
Louny (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Historical part of the country : Bohemia
Region : Ústecký kraj
District : Louny
Area : 2413.1692 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 21 ′  N , 13 ° 48 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 21 ′ 21 ″  N , 13 ° 48 ′ 19 ″  E
Height: 185  m nm
Residents : 18,351 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code : 440 01
License plate : U
traffic
Railway connection: Prague – Most
Lovosice – Louny
Rakovník – Louny
Postoloprty – Louny
structure
Status: city
Districts: 3
administration
Mayor : Pavel Janda (as of 2020)
Address: Mírové náměstí 35
440 23 Louny
Municipality number: 565971
Website : www.mulouny.cz
Location of Louny in the Louny district
map

Louny (German Laun ) is a city in the northern Bohemian Aussiger region . The district town on the banks of the Eger has 18,476 inhabitants (2014) .

Louny, aerial photo (2018)

history

City wall and Saaz gate
Laun around 1650

Excavations in the eastern area of ​​the city showed that there was a Celtic settlement there. Later settled Marcomanni in the territory of the city. Excavations as well as finds prove their settlement. The first evidence of Slavic settlement comes from the 6th century. The name of the city is said to be derived from a first name Loun or Luni / Louni.

Louny was first in 1088 in a property list of King I. Vratislav listed. In 1115 the town was mentioned as the property of the Kladruby Monastery . In 1186 the city was listed in a document from Prince Friedrich . The royal city was founded by Přemysl Ottokar II in the 1260s east of the original settlement.

The city was on the trade routes from Prague to Dresden and from Nuremberg to Dresden. The travelers had to use the secured roads and spend the night in the respective cities and pay road tolls. There was a ford through the Eger, which was usable until the high tide. Later a bridge was built over the Eger and the polder . This served the king and the city as a secure source of income, because commercial travelers had to move their goods on the trade routes. The district founded by Ottokar II is located on a natural hill, because it happened and is still the case today that floods flood the still existing polder, which is now the park and exhibition area.

The previously existing older settlement area of ​​the suburb was demolished in the 1970s. In place of the old settlement there are now prefabricated buildings . Only the oldest church in the city and the cemetery have been preserved. Many buildings from the 14th to 16th centuries were demolished, including the bathhouse with its own mineral spring. This is now under a street and is inaccessible, the spring water is directed into the Eger.

During the Hussite movement , the city was one of the restraints of the Hussites, during which time many Catholic institutions, such as a monastery in the city, were destroyed. The walls of the monastery have been partially preserved and are now used as walls for other buildings. The remaining historic city center has been preserved despite the many fires and destruction in the past.

In 1813 during the Battle of Dresden Louny was a hospital town. The still existing hospital as well as all hotels and hostels served as military hospitals. Mainly the soldiers and officers of the Russian Tsar were treated in Louny. According to legend, Tsar Alexander I came to Louny personally to make atonement to Jean-Victor-Marie Moreau .

At the end of the 19th century, the state railway lines Prague – Brüx, Laun – Rakonitz – Beraun, Laun – Postelberg and Laun – Libochowitz were built. The city became the seat of a district administration and a district court.

Around 1900 there were 10,212 inhabitants in the district town. There were sugar factories, a beer brewery, a metal goods factory, a pottery factory, and railroad repair shops.

City structure

The city of Louny consists of the districts and cadastral districts Brloh ( Bierloch ), Louny ( Laun ) and Nečichy ( Netschich ). Basic settlement units are Brloh, Březinka, Domov, Hrnčířská, Ke Pšaňáku, Louny-střed, Louny-Západ, Lužerady, Na Losech, Na Mělcích, Nad Tratí, Nádražní, Nečicha, Redova, Ciředánky, Ciředánky, Ualkřánky, Skalky, Pšaňáku, Louny-střed, Louny-Západ, Lužerady, Na Losech U Zastávky, V Americe, Vršovka, Výstaviště and Zahradní město.

Attractions

St. Nicholas Church
Mineral spring "Luna" in Louny
town hall
  • The most valuable architectural monument that can be seen from afar is the St. Nicholas Church. The late Gothic three-nave church with towers from the 14th century was built in the years 1520–38 by the famous royal architect Benedikt Ried from Piesting in the spirit of the Vladislav Gothic . It was reconstructed at the turn of the 20th century. A gallery has been set up in Louny in his honor.
  • The influence of the Jewish population in the city can be seen from the location of the preserved buildings in the city. As in the other cities, there was an enclosed area. The upper part of the former Jewish street, the so-called ghetto , today's Česká Ulice, has been preserved. The synagogue is now an archive. The Jewish cemetery is also still preserved.
  • The massive city ​​walls from the 12th century have largely been preserved and repaired. They are next to the Saaz Gate (Czech: Žatecká brána ) a testimony to the former wealth of the city and its inhabitants.
  • The local museum, housed in a former mighty mansion, is dedicated to the history of the city.
  • Other notable churches in Louny are the Church of St. Peter from the 14th century and the Church of the Mother of Jesus Christ from 1493.
  • The building of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church on Jakoubkova Street was built in the New Objectivity style.
  • The preserved mineral spring "Luna" is located on the premises of the hospital and is accessible. The water is said to have healing properties, and many people still use it today to treat cuts.

economy

In addition to the existing Czech companies, mainly Japanese companies have settled in the town of Louny as well as in the surrounding area. With around 3,500 jobs, these are the largest employers and investors in the region. Foreign specialists and workers also moved to Louny and the surrounding area. As a result, there was economic tourism, primarily from Japan, Italy and Germany.

At the same time, recreational tourism is increasing in the city. The number of guests from Russia has increased the most. The increasing economic and recreational tourism led to hotels, guesthouses and restaurants being founded. Today there are around 80 restaurants, pubs, wine bars and cafes.

Agriculturally, the town and its surroundings ( Okres Louny ) are traditionally known for the cultivation of high quality hops . In Louny, there was also a well-known beer brewery, Pivovar Louny , which was taken over by Heineken in 2008 and closed at the end of 2010.

A nature reserve borders Louny.

Twin cities

Personalities

On site:

literature

  • Antonín Jiří Hluštík, Bohumír Roedl (eds.): Louny. Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, Prague 2005, ISBN 80-7106-662-1
  • Rudolf Wunš: Dějiny svob. král. města Loun od počátku až do dob nejnovějších. Prague 1868

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/565971/Louny
  2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  3. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce-obec/565971/Obec-Louny
  4. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/565971/Obec-Louny
  5. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/565971/Obec-Louny

Web links

Commons : Louny  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Laun in the Topographia Bohemiae, Moraviae et Silesiae  - sources and full texts