At the beginning of the 2012/13 season, Aerni was able to establish himself in the European Cup and achieved several top 10 placements. He was then nominated for the City Event Parallel Slalom on New Year's Day 2013 in Munich , where he took over the quota place for the injured Beat Feuz . Although he was eliminated in the round of 16, he received his first World Cup points. Two days later, on January 3, 2013, Aerni won a European Cup race for the first time. At the Junior World Championships in 2013 , he won the silver medal in the team competition and was fourth in the slalom. At the slalom in Bormio on January 6, 2014, he moved up from the 27th to the 10th place in the second run and thus achieved his first top 10 classification in a World Cup race. 18 days later he achieved his best ever World Cup result with 5th place in the slalom in Kitzbühel . At the Junior World Championship in 2014 , he won two more silver medals (team competition and slalom). Ultimately, he was victorious with the Swiss team at the season finale in Lenzerheide on March 14, 2014, ahead of the USA and Austria .
In the 2014/15 season, Aerni was only able to classify in the top 10 of a World Cup race once; five times he was either eliminated or he failed to qualify for the second round. A similar picture emerged in the 2015/16 season: The fifth place in the slalom of Madonna di Campiglio on December 22, 2015 was opposed by another five noughties. The 2016/17 season also ran in the same way initially, with three top 10 placements and four failures. Thanks to a seventh place in the combination of Santa Caterina on December 29, 2016, he secured a starting place in this discipline for the 2017 World Championships in St. Moritz . There he was given preference by the coaches over Lauberhorn combination winner Niels Hintermann and took 30th place in the combined descent , which enabled him to compete first in the slalom run. With a clear best time, he left everyone who started after him behind, whereupon he surprisingly won the gold medal with a hundredth of a second ahead of Marcel Hirscher . At the end of the season he won two Swiss championship titles.
At the start of the 2017/18 season, Aerni achieved fourth place in Levi's slalom, the best World Cup result of his career to date. On December 22nd, 2017, he finished on the podium for the first time in the Madonna di Campiglio night slalom, just four hundredths behind winner Marcel Hirscher . At the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang , the 24-year-old won the gold medal in the team competition held for the first time on February 24 in the Swiss team (with Wendy Holdener , Denise Feierabend , Daniel Yule and Ramon Zenhäusern ).