Memorial at the Fischerhof train station

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The memorial near the former entrance to the Fischerhof station ; with the "Z" as the Nazi symbol for " Gypsies " and the Star of David for Jews

The memorial at the Fischerhof train station in Hanover is a memorial from the Lower Saxony Association of German Sinti e. V. donated memorial for the victims of National Socialism . In contrast to the memorial for the murdered Jews of Hanover on the central Opernplatz , the comparatively modest memorial stone “For all those persecuted by National Socialism” was erected. The location of the somewhat remote memorial in the Linden-Süd district is the junction of Elise-Meyer-Allee shortly before the entrance of the former Fischerhof train station .

history

A poster of the city on the elevated platform of the city ​​railway names perpetrators and victims.

Deportations of Jews 1941–1944

In the Third Reich, most of the transports of victims of racist persecution from southern Lower Saxony by the Nazi regime were organized via the Fischerhof station, which is somewhat remote from the dense residential development . From here, the Hanover Gestapo control center handled a total of seven transports of Jews to the ghettos and extermination camps in the east. Between December 15, 1941 and January 11, 1944, a total of 2,174 Jewish victims, who had previously been concentrated in the Israelite Horticultural School in Ahlem , were deported to the Riga and Warsaw Ghetto , to the Auschwitz concentration camp and the Theresienstadt concentration camp .

Especially during the second evacuation, which was supposed to go to Warsaw on the evening of March 31, 1942, there were bad scenes: 491 people had to wait five hours in the pouring rain, freezing for the delayed train, and were then taken by the Gestapo to the already Squeezed into overcrowded wagons .

Deportations of Sinti in 1943

At the beginning of March 1943, the Hanover Criminal Police Office organized “the big Auschwitz transport” at Fischerhof station: Around 100 Sinti from Hanover and at least 25 Sinti from the area around the city were deported to the “ family assembly camp ” in Auschwitz-Birkenau .

Slave labor

The Fischerhof station was also the arrival point for forced laborers . Prisoners from the Ravensbrück , Mauthausen and Auschwitz concentration camps arrived here in freight trains and were distributed to the more than 500 camps of the various armaments factories for forced labor . A few weeks before the end of World War II , shortly before the US troops marched into Hanover, members of the Gestapo control center in Hanover murdered hundreds of slave laborers and buried them in the Seelhorster cemetery to cover up their injustice and atrocities. The memorial cemetery on the north bank of the Maschsee has been a reminder of this since 1945 .

Memorial 1996

The memorial was created by the Lower Saxony Association of German Sinti e. V. and inaugurated on March 1, 1996. With its shape, the memorial stone is reminiscent of the traditional shape of the two tablets of the Decalogue . Above the inscription "For all those persecuted by National Socialism", the memorial stone shows two traditional symbols for Sinti gravestones:

  1. a "Z" that Sinti and Roma had to wear as a widely visible symbol for "Gypsies" in the National Socialist concentration camps;
  2. the Star of David as a symbol for the Jews.

The Lower Saxony Association of German Sinti had deliberately dedicated this memorial to all victims of National Socialism. The association wanted to set an example, as the Sinti and Roma were often not mentioned in numerous memorials to the Holocaust .

See also

literature

  • Reinhold Baaske: From Lower Saxony to Auschwitz. The persecution of the Sinti and Roma during the Nazi era , catalog for the exhibition of the Lower Saxony Association of German Sinti e. V. , with the assistance of Dirk Götting and the students Dora Alapi u. a. Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 2004, ISBN 3-89534-557-1 (107 pages, with illustrations)
  • Ursula Krause-Schmitt, Heinz Koch (editor): Local history guide to sites of resistance and persecution 1933–1945 . Volume 3: Lower Saxony. - 2nd administrative districts Hanover and Weser-Ems , with a foreword by Rolf Wernstedt , in cooperation with Barbara Bromberger, Werner Müller and the Lower Saxony regional association of the VVN - Bund der Antifaschisten , ed. from the study group for the research and communication of the history of the German resistance 1933–1945 . 1986, ISBN 3-7609-0983-3
  • Ulrike Dursthoff, Michael Pechel (editor): Memorial stone at the Fischerhof / Hannover-Linden train station . In: Places of Remembrance. Guide to sites of persecution and resistance during the Nazi regime in the Hanover region , ed. from the network remembrance and future in the Hanover region, self-published, no year [2007], p. 75f.
  • Places of remembrance: memorial stone at Fischerhof station . Network Remembrance and Future Region Hannover, erinnerungundzukunft.de
  • Rüdiger Fleiter: City administration in the Third Reich. Prosecution policy at local levels on the example of Hanover , at the same time dissertation at the University of Hannover in 2005 under the title: The involvement of the Hanover City Council to the Nazi policy of persecution , Volume 10 in the series Hannoversche studies . Series of publications by the Hannover City Archives . Hahn , Hannover 2006, ISBN 3-7752-4960-5 , pp. 277ff.
  • Cornelia Maria Hein, Heike Krokowski: "It was inhumanly possible". Sinti from Lower Saxony tell - persecution and extermination under National Socialism and discrimination until today , ed. from the Lower Saxony Association of German Sinti e. V. Hannover 1995, ISBN 3-00-000005-4
  • Klaus Mlynek : Sinti. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 568.

Web links

Commons : Memorial at the Fischerhof train station (Hanover)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Places of Remembrance: Memorial for the murdered Jews of Hanover . Network Remembrance and Future Region Hannover, erinnerungundzukunft.de
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h Ulrike Dursthoff, Michael Pechel (editor): Memorial stone at the Fischerhof station ...
  3. ↑ Hannover commemorative plaque. The Ehrenfriedhof on the north bank of the Maschsee . Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge , volksbund.de (PDF; 210 kB), with photos and individual names, in German and Russian
  4. ↑ Waldemar R. Röhrbein : Ehrenfriedhof on the north bank of the Maschsee, "Russenfriedhof" . In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 147f.

Coordinates: 52 ° 21 ′ 13.2 "  N , 9 ° 43 ′ 4.1"  E