Manuel Avila Camacho

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Manuel Ávila Camacho (disambiguation) .

Manuel Ávila Camacho (1943)

Manuel Ávila Camacho (born April 24, 1897 in Teziutlán , Puebla , † October 13, 1955 in Mexico City ) was President of Mexico (December 1, 1940 to November 30, 1946).

Life

Ávila Camacho was born on April 24, 1897 in Teziutlán, Puebla state. His brothers Maximino Ávila Camacho and Rafael Ávila Camacho were governors of Puebla. During the Mexican Revolution he found it difficult to graduate from the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria . From 1914 he was a soldier; In 1920 he served as a colonel under Lázaro Cárdenas ; In 1929 he became a brigadier general and fought against the Escobar uprising. From 1936 to 1939 he was the government's war and naval secretary .

In 1940 Cárdenas made him a presidential candidate of the "Party of the Mexican Revolution" (PRM), which later became the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI), two years earlier . Cárdenas preferred Ávila Camacho to his friend Francisco J. Mújica . In the election Ávila Camacho triumphed over the opposing candidate Juan Andrew Almazán and became President of Mexico on December 1, 1940. During the Second World War , against considerable resistance in his own country, he took a position against the Axis powers Germany , Italy and Japan . After two Mexican oil tankers had been destroyed by German submarines in the Gulf of Mexico , he declared war on the Axis powers in May 1942, sent 15,000 soldiers into combat and 300,000 workers to the USA ( Bracero program ) to fill the gaps that had left there to fill.

In 1943, he initiated social security and a literacy program for the benefit of the poor . continued agricultural reforms and froze rents. With an electoral reform, he also ensured that communists were excluded from the elections. In 1946 he renamed the PRM in PRI.

After his tenure as president, he retired to his estate.

Manuel Ávila Camacho was married to Soledad Orozco . He died in Mexico City on October 13, 1955.

See also

• List of presidents of Mexico
• History of Mexico

literature

• Avila Camacho , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 02/1956 from January 2, 1956, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely available)

Web links

Commons : Manuel Ávila Camacho  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Newspaper article about Manuel Ávila Camacho in the 20th century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .