1897
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Calendar overview 1897
Map with all linked pages: | 1897 | |
|---|---|
| William McKinley becomes the 25th President of the United States . | |
 in Vienna's Prater begins to operate. |
 presents the first diesel engine . |
| 1897 in other calendars | |
| Armenian calendar | 1345/46 (July turn of the year) |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1889/90 (10/11 September) |
| Baha'i calendar | 53/54 (20/21 March) |
| Bengali solar calendar | 1302/03 (beginning of the year April 14 or 15) |
| Buddhist calendar | 2440/41 (Southern Buddhism); 2439/40 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 76th (77th) cycle
Year of the Fire Rooster丁酉 ( at the beginning of the year Fire Monkey 丙申) |
| Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam) | 1259/60 (April turn of the year) |
| Dangun era (Korea) | 4230/31 (October 2nd/3rd) |
| Iranian calendar | 1275/76 (around March 21) |
| Islamic calendar | 1314/15 (1/2 June) |
| Japanese calendar |
Meiji 30 (
明治30年); Koki 2557 |
| Jewish calendar | 5657/58 (26/27 September) |
| Coptic calendar | 1613/14 (10/11 September) |
| Malayalam calendar | 1072/73 |
| Rumi Calendar (Ottoman Empire) | 1312/13 (March 1) |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 2207/08 (April turn of the year)
Syria: 2208/09 (October turn of the year) |
| Suriyakati Calendar (Thai Solar Calendar) | 2439/40 (April 1) |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese calendar) | 1953/54 (April) |
events
politics and world affairs
Europe
- January 1: Adolf Deucher becomes President of the Swiss Confederation for the second time.
- January 28: The patent law is enacted in Austria-Hungary . It replaces the regulations in imperial patents , which previously granted protective rights for inventions.
- April to November: The Badeni crisis in the Habsburg monarchy reveals the difficulties of the Austro-Czech settlement :
- April 5: The language ordinance for Bohemia and Moravia stipulates bilingual administration. The protest against it is considered the beginning of the German-national Los von Rom movement .
- November 28: After riots in Prague and Vienna, Prime Minister Kasimir Felix Badeni is overthrown .
- 7 April: Greece's refusal, influenced by the Megali Idea , to yield to an ultimatum by the Ottoman Empire to withdraw its troops that had landed on the island of Crete on 15 February , brings about the Ottoman -Greek War .
- December 4: A peace treaty ends the Greco-Turkish War . Crete receives extensive autonomy.
Africa
Le Petit Journal : Queen Ranavalona III. in exile in Algiers
- February 28: Queen Ranavalona III. is deposed in Madagascar by French General Joseph Gallieni . The island's last monarch is exiled.
- September 11: The Kingdom of Kaffa comes to an end after months of fighting with the forces of Ethiopia under Emperor Menelik II because of Kaffa's King Gaki Sherocho's surrender .
- The British subdued the Kingdom of Benin , in south-west modern-day Nigeria , which had remained unconquered for centuries .
America
- March 4: William McKinley is inaugurated as the 25th US President. He replaces Grover Cleveland .
- July 17: A gold rush to the Klondike River erupts when two tons of gold are unloaded from ships in Seattle . Two days earlier, prospectors also broke the news of nugget finds in San Francisco .
- December 12: Belo Horizonte , officially formed , becomes the capital of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais . The small settlement around a farm has been developed into a metropolis by a city planner on the drawing board .
Asia
- July: Emilio Aguinaldo proclaims the Republic of Biak-na-Bato in the wake of the Philippine Revolution .
- October 17 Gojong , 26th king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea , proclaims the Korean Empire .
- November 14: German marines land in China's Kiautschou Bay and occupy it without a fight.
Other international events
- August 26-31: Theodor Herzl organizes the 1st World Zionist Congress in Basel , which calls for the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine .
business
- February 6: The Hamburg dockworkers' strike, one of the largest labor disputes in the German Empire , ends with the complete defeat of the strikers.
- March 7: Physician John Harvey Kellogg first served corn flakes , which he and his brother Will Keith Kellogg invented, to patients at his sanatorium in Battle Creek, Michigan .
- April 12: The “Gold-Vreneli” coin is put into circulation in Switzerland .
- 19 May: Belgian entrepreneur Édouard Louis Joseph Empain founds the Compagnie des chemins économiques de l'Est égyptien , a joint-stock company to build a network of 1000 mm gauge narrow - gauge railways in the area around Damanhour and Tanta in eastern Egypt .
- May 22: The Blackwall Tunnel opens under the Thames in London .
- May 22: The Compagnie des phosphates et des chemins de fer de Gafsa is founded. The French company is to build a railway line to transport the phosphate deposits discovered in southern Tunisia.
- June 12: The Swiss Army Knife is protected as a trademark .
- July 22: The cigarette brand " ROTH-HÄNDLE " is entered in the German commercial register.
- September 1: The Tremont Street Subway , the first in the United States, opens in Boston . Today, their route is part of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority 's Green Line .
- September 30: The first German automobile association is founded in Berlin, the Central European Motor Vehicle Association .
- September 30: A small car show takes place in the Hotel Bristol in Berlin, which is considered the forerunner of the first international motor show . Eight motor vehicles can be seen.
- Ransom Eli Olds founds the automobile manufacturer Oldsmobile in Lansing , Michigan .
- The West African Planting Society Victoria is founded in the German colony of Cameroon .
- The first bridge over the Ob River near Novosibirsk will be completed as part of the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway .
science and technology
astronomy
- December 18: Auguste Charlois discovers the asteroid Hybris .
chemistry and physics
- August 10: Felix Hoffmann produces acetylsalicylic acid in a pure, pharmacologically suitable form for the first time, cf. Aspirin .
- Joseph John Thomson and Emil Wiechert discover the first elementary particle by proving the nature of cathode rays as electrons (Thomson in: Philosophical Magazine 44 (1897),293; Wiechert in: writings of the Königsberger Gesellschaft 38(1897) ).
- The cathode ray tube is developed by Ferdinand Braun .
polar research
- July 11: The polar explorer Salomon August Andrée starts from Svalbard with two companions in a gas balloon to the North Pole . Their enterprise ends fatally weeks later.
- 16 August: The “ Golden Age of Antarctic Research ” begins with the departure of the Belgica Expedition from Antwerp for Antarctica .
Technical achievements
- January 28: Rudolf Diesel successfully starts the engine he had invented .
- February 17: After thorough testing, the Royal Bavarian Technical University in Munich accepts the 10 hp engine developed by Rudolf Diesel in the Augsburg machine factory, the first test diesel engine .
- August 31: Thomas Alva Edison patents his Kinetoscope , a precursor to the film projector .
- 3 November: The first rigid airship designed by David Schwarz , who had died a few months earlier, takes to the skies at Tempelhofer Feld . After the control failed, the journey ended with a crash landing of the first airship also made with aluminum parts . Graf Zeppelin , who was among the spectators, acquired the rights a little later.
Teaching and Research
- March 13: San Diego State University is founded.
- At the University of Vienna , women are admitted as regular students at the Philosophical Faculty (1900 at the Medical Faculty, 1919 at the Law and Political Science Faculty, 1922 at the Protestant Theological Faculty and 1945 at the Catholic Theological Faculty).
Others
- 26 September: North German Lloyd 's express steamer Kaiser Wilhelm der Große wins the Blue Riband .
Culture
architecture
- October 26: The Hamburg City Hall is inaugurated.
- To commemorate the 400th anniversary of the landing of Giovanni Caboto, Cabot Tower is erected on Signal Hill above the harbor entrance of St. John's , Newfoundland .
Visual arts
- April 3: Gustav Klimt , Koloman Moser , Josef Hoffmann , Joseph Maria Olbrich , Max Kurzweil , Josef Engelhart , Ernst Stöhr , Wilhelm List and other artists found the Vienna Secession as a spin-off from the Vienna Künstlerhaus . They are turning against the prevailing conservatism and traditional concept of art.
- July 21: The Tate Gallery in London opens.
- August 4: The bust of Dama de Elche , an Iberian sculpture from around the 5th century BC, is found by chance in Spain. Chr.
- In Vienna, at the suggestion of the painter Olga Prager , the art school for women and girls is founded to train women in painting, graphics or sculpture. Co-initiators are Rosa Mayreder and Tina Blau . The first training class opens on December 1, headed by Prager's teacher Adalbert Seligmann .
- End of the year: Within four weeks, Paul Gauguin presents the painting Where do we come from in Tahiti? Who are we? Where are we going? done. Vairumati is also created in the same year .
literature
- May 18 Irish author Bram Stoker 's novel Dracula is published in London.
- September 21: The answer to Virginia O'Hanlon 's question " Is there a Santa Claus? " appears in the New York Sun. It was only after the author's death in 1906 that the newspaper announced that the editorial , which had been reprinted many times, was by Francis Pharcellus Church .
- Rudyard Kipling's novel Captains Courageous . A Story of the Grand Banks is published in London and New York.
music and theatre
- January 23: The premiere of the melodramatic opera Königskinder by Engelbert Humperdinck with the libretto by Elsa Bernstein , which he wrote under the pseudonym Ernst Rosmer, takes place with great success at the Hoftheater in Munich.
- March 7: The premiere of the comic opera Le Tonnelier de Nuremberg by Louis Lacombe takes place in Koblenz.
- May 6: The opera La Bohème by Ruggero Leoncavallo , who also wrote the libretto, is premiered at the Teatro La Fenice in Venice. The plot is based on the novel Les scènes de la vie de bohème by Henri Murger , just like Giacomo Puccini 's opera of the same name from the previous year , but is more closely based on the original. Competing work on the same fabric ended the original friendship between Puccini and Leoncavallo. Leoncavallo's work never comes close to Puccini's success. The first singer of the Mimi is the native Venetian Rosina Storchio .
- 2 October: The opera Porin (Demeter) by Vatroslav Lisinski is premiered in Zagreb.
- November 22nd: The premiere of the drama L'Arlesiana by Francesco Cilea takes place at the Teatro Lirico in Milan .
- 28 December: Edmond Rostand's romantic-comedic verse drama Cyrano de Bergerac premieres at the Théâtre de la Porte Saint-Martin in Paris. The first Cyrano is Benoît Constant Coquelin , who achieved world fame with this role.
society
- June 12: Café Els Quatre Gats opens in Barcelona.
- July 3rd: Vienna has one more landmark: the Ferris wheel in the Prater is officially inaugurated and begins to operate.
- August 31: The Kaiser Wilhelm I monument at the Deutsches Eck in Koblenz is inaugurated in the presence of Kaiser Wilhelm II .
religion
- 5-31 July: Fourth Lambeth Conference of the Anglican Church
- August 12: In the encyclical Augustissimae virginis mariae , Pope Leo XIII. every ecclesiastical congregation to set up a rosary confraternity . It is said to promote piety by praying the rosary .
- October 4: The Franciscan order is in the union bull Felicitate quadam by Pope Leo XIII. provided with new statutes and unified.
- December 8: In the encyclical Affari vos , Pope Leo XIII. engaged in Canadian educational reforms and called for Catholic schools to remain in Manitoba .
disasters
- May 4: The Bazar de la Charité in Paris is destroyed when heat from a cinematograph in an annex ignites combustible material. 129 people die, including Princess Sophie in Bavaria .
- June 9: In stormy seas, the British passenger liner Aden crashed into the cliffs on the coast of the island of Socotra . 78 people die.
- June 12: Earthquake in Assam with a magnitude of 8.1
Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Disaster .
nature and environment
- May 19: In Meuselbach in Thuringia , a meteorite falls around 7 p.m. Weight 0.87kg
Sports
- January 14: The Swiss mountaineer Matthias Zurbriggen becomes the first person to reach the summit of the Aconcagua at an altitude of 6961 meters.
- January 31: The first hill climb in history takes place. The route runs from Nice up to the hilltop village of La Turbie . The distance to be covered is approx. 17 km.
- February 4: The Halensee in Berlin is the scene of the first German ice hockey game . The Akademischer Sportklub retains the upper hand over a student team in a game lasting 2 × 20 minutes.
- 8 February: Budapesti Torna Club becomes the first football club in Hungary by forming a football section.
- March 7th: The Hammarby IF rowing association, which has existed since 1889, is renamed to become the Stockholm sports club Hammarby IF .
- April 19: The Boston Marathon is the first non- Olympic marathon in sport. 15 athletes start in Boston .
- 23 June: First International Women's Chess Tournament begins in London .
- 3 July: Arthur Techtow wins the first official German marathon in Leipzig .
- July 18: The Prince Park Stadium in Paris is opened as a velodrome .
- July 22: The 1. Wiener Arbeiter Fußballclub (predecessor club to Rapid Wien ) is founded
- 17 October: Foundation of VfB Oldenburg as FC 1897 Oldenburg
- 1 November: The football club Juventus Turin is founded.
Born
January
- January 1: Ana Aslan , Romanian doctor and gerontologist (died 1988)
- January 1: Antoine Dubreil , French racing driver (d. 1982)
- January 1: Theodor Kramer , Austrian poet (died 1958)
- January 3: Dorothy Arzner , American director (d. 1979)
- January 3 Marion Davies , American actress (d. 1961)
- January 3: Pola Negri , Polish actress and silent film star († 1987)
- January 3 Carlos Keller Rueff , German-Chilean journalist and writer (died 1974)
- January 5: Theo Mackeben , German pianist, conductor and composer (died 1953)
- January 5: Miki Kiyoshi , Japanese philosopher (died 1945)
- January 6: Ferenc Szálasi , Hungarian fascist party leader and war criminal (died 1946)
- January 6: Heinz Meyer , German politician, MP (died 1959)
- January 8: Walter Gramatté , German painter (died 1929)
- January 8: Bernard U. Taylor , American music educator (d. 1987)
- January 9 Dwight H. Green , American politician (died 1958)
- January 9: Karl Löwith , German philosopher (died 1973)
- January 9: Luis Gianneo , Argentine composer (died 1968)
- January 10: Georg Pelster , German politician (died 1963)
- January 10: Bedřich Václavek , Czech literary critic and theorist (died 1943)
- January 10: Sam Chatmon , American blues musician (d. 1983)
- January 11: August Heissmeyer , German General of the Waffen-SS (died 1979)
- January 12 Arthur Ripley , American screenwriter, film director and producer (d. 1961)
- January 14: Hasso von Manteuffel , German officer (died 1978)
- January 15: Xu Zhimo , Chinese poet (died 1931)
- January 16: Kurt Hueck , German botanist (died 1965)
- January 17 Nils Anton Alfhild Asther , Swedish actor (d. 1981)
- January 17: Marcel Petiot , French serial killer (died 1946)
- January 17 Donald Marcus Kelway Marendaz , British fighter pilot, entrepreneur, racing driver and designer (d. 1988)
- January 17 Werner Hilpert , German politician (died 1957)
- January 19 Leo Adler , Austrian painter and graphic artist (died 1987)
- January 19: Xenia Desni , Ukrainian actress (died 1962)
- January 19: Emil Maurice , chauffeur and early political companion of Adolf Hitler († 1972)
- January 19 Karl Kerényi , Hungarian classical philologist and religious scholar (died 1973)
- January 19 Max Tau , German-Jewish humanist, philosopher and poet (died 1976)
- January 21 Maurice Zundel , Swiss clergyman, theologian and philosopher (died 1975)
- January 22: Arthur Greiser , Reich Governor and Gauleiter of the NSDAP († 1946)
- January 22: Efraín Orozco , Colombian composer, conductor and instrumentalist (died 1975)
- January 23: Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky , first Austrian architect († 2000)
- January 23: Subhash Chandra Bose , leader of the Indian independence movement (d. 1945)
- January 23: Welby Toomey , American old-time musician (d. 1989)
- January 23: Ernst Zindel , German engineer and designer of the JU 52 ("Tante Ju") († 1978)
- January 24 Arno Hennig , German politician (died 1963)
- January 24: Johannes von Rudloff , German auxiliary bishop (died 1978)
- January 26: Erwin Blumenfeld , German photographer (died 1969)
- January 27: Herman Carl Andersen , American politician (died 1978)
- January 28: Valentin Petrovich Katayev , Soviet playwright and novelist (died 1986)
- January 29 Arno Heinrich Gottfried Arnold , German physician, internist and sports medicine specialist (d. 1963)
- January 30: Georg Hann , Austrian Kammersänger († 1950)
- January 30: Lucien Lemesle , French racing driver (d. 1970)
- January 31: Ahmad Shah Qajar , last ruler of the Qajar dynasty in Iran († 1930)
February
- February 1 – Duke Osborn , American football player (d. 1976)
- February 2 – Willy Schootemeijer , Dutch composer and pianist (died 1953)
- February 3: Else Reventlow , German teacher, women's rights activist, social democrat, editor († 1984)
- February 4: Jesus V , Ethiopian Emperor (died 1935)
- February 4: Katharina Heinroth , director of the Berlin Zoo († 1989)
- February 4: Ludwig Erhard , German politician, Federal Minister, Federal Chancellor of the FRG († 1977)
- February 5 Anton Graf von Arco auf Valley , German nobleman, jurist and assassin (died 1945)
- February 5: Martin Blank , German politician and MP (died 1972)
- February 6 – Millard F. Caldwell , American politician (died 1984)
- February 6: Alberto Cavalcanti , Brazilian film director († 1982)
- February 6 – Humphrey Davy Findley Kitto , British classical scholar (died 1982)
- February 6: Louis Buchalter , American mafioso (d. 1944)
- February 7: Ernst Kloss , German art historian (†)
- February 7 Richard Hammer , German politician (died 1969)
- February 8: Pierre Clause , French racing driver (d. 1967)
- February 8 – Zakir Hussain , Indian politician and President (died 1969)
- February 8: Stanisław Milski , Polish actor and director (died 1972)
- February 9 – Hans Breitensträter , German heavyweight boxer (died 1972)
- February 10 Karl Abel , German trade unionist and politician (died 1971)
- February 10 – John Franklin Enders , American bacteriologist (d. 1985)
- February 10: Judith Anderson , Australian actress (d. 1992)
- February 11 Colgate Darden , American politician (died 1981)
- February 11 – Emil Leon Post , American mathematician and logician (d. 1954)
- February 11: Yves de la Casinière , French composer and music teacher (died 1971)
- February 12: Břetislav Bakala , Czech conductor, choir director and composer (died 1958)
- February 12: Erwin Hoffstätter , German rower (died 1971)
- February 12 Alfredo Luis Miranda , American racing driver (d. 1978)
- February 14: Jørgen Bentzon , Danish composer (died 1951)
- February 16: Heinrich Höfler , German politician (died 1963)
- February 16 Ludwig Preller , German politician (died 1974)
- February 18: Charles Kuentz , Alsatian war veteran (died 2005)
- February 19 Alma Rubens , American silent film actress (d. 1931)
- February 20: Hans von Alfen , German military (died 1966)
- February 20 – Gerhart Eisler , German journalist and politician (died 1968)
- February 21 – Hermann August Eidmann , German zoologist and forest scientist (died 1949)
- February 21: Paul Torchy , French racing driver (d. 1925)
- February 22 – Otto Leichter , Austrian socialist, journalist and author (died 1973)
- February 24: Henri Frankfort , Dutch archaeologist, ancient orientalist and Egyptologist (died 1954)
- February 25 Wilhelm Hammann , German politician and resistance fighter, Righteous Among the Nations (died 1955)
- February 26 Elizabeth Charlotte Lucy Asquith , British writer and Princess Bibesco de Brancovan (d. 1945)
- February 27 Edmond Romulus Amateis , American sculptor and teacher (d. 1981)
- February 27: Bernard Ferdinand Lyot , French astronomer (died 1952)
- February 27: Marian Anderson , American opera singer (d. 1993)
March
- March 1: Shoghi Effendi , Persian, leader of the Baha'i community (died 1957)
- March 5 Song Meiling , wife of Republic of China leader Chiang Kai-shek (d. 2003)
- March 5: Gunta Stölzl , German weaver and textile designer (died 1983)
- March 6: Oyinkan Abayomi , Nigerian politician, women's rights activist and teacher (died 1990)
- March 6: Joseph Berchtold , first "Reichsfuhrer SS", member of the Reichstag († 1962)
- March 6: Knudåge Riisager , Danish composer (died 1974)
- March 8: Herbert Otto Gille , German General of the Waffen-SS (d. 1966)
- March 10 Marianne Kneisel , American violinist and music teacher (d. 1972)
- March 10: Otto Köhler , German politician and MP (died 1960)
- March 11: Henry Cowell , American composer (d. 1965)
- March 11: René Dély , French racing driver (d. 1965)
- March 11: Johann Raithel , German general (died 1961)
- March 13: Yeghiz Charenz , Armenian poet (died 1937)
- March 14 Anton Aschauer , German politician (died 1976)
- March 14 Hermann Winkhaus , German industrialist (died 1968)
- March 15 – Jackson Scholz , American track and field athlete and Olympic gold medalist (d. 1986)
- March 18 Clemens Hesemann , German politician (died 1981)
- March 19: Joë Bousquet , French writer (died 1950)
- March 19: Joseph Darnand , French politician during World War II (died 1945)
- March 19 Karl Springenschmid , Austrian writer (died 1981)
- March 19: Heinz Steguweit , German writer (died 1964)
- March 20: Elisabeth Haich , Hungarian artist (died 1994)
- March 20 Frank Hutchison , American old-time musician (d. 1945)
- March 21: Marie Minna Bielenberg , German painter and potter (died 1983)
- March 21 J. Ridley Stroop , American psychologist (d. 1973)
- March 21: Max Sidow , German writer (died 1965)
- March 22: Ferruccio Novo , Italian football coach and official (d. 1974)
- March 23: Hamvas Béla , Hungarian writer (died 1968)
- March 24: Julius Lorenzen , German civil engineer and mayor (died 1965)
- March 24: Carlo Mierendorff , German politician and journalist (died 1943)
- March 24: Wilhelm Reich , Austrian psychoanalyst (died 1957)
- March 27 Wilhelm Busch , German evangelical pastor and writer (died 1966)
- March 27: Douglas Rayner Hartree , British mathematician and physicist (d. 1958)
- March 28: Arthur Martens , German gliding pioneer and engineer (d. 1937)
- March 28: Sepp Herberger , German national football coach († 1977)
- March 28 Tillie Voss , American football player (d. 1975)
- March 30: Marion von Klot , German-Baltic martyr (died 1919)
- March 31: Fred Forbát , Hungarian-Swedish architect, urban planner and painter (died 1972)
April
- April 3 John O. Aalberg , American film and sound engineer (d. 1984)
- April 4: Erich Münch , Swiss general (died 1983)
- April 5 Ottavio Abbati , Italian anti-fascist and publicist (died 1951)
- April 5: Hans Kellerhals , Swiss correctional officer (d. 1966)
- April 5: Hans Schuberth , German politician (died 1976)
- April 6: Fritz Erpenbeck , German writer, publicist and actor (died 1975)
- April 7: Carl Bellingrodt , German railway photographer (died 1971)
- April 7: Mario Gualzata , Swiss linguist and local historian († 1969)
- April 7: Otto Mörike , German Lutheran pastor and resistance fighter in the Third Reich († 1978)
- April 8 Thomas Andresen , German politician (died 1972)
- April 8: Max Rychner , Swiss writer and literary critic (died 1965)
- April 9: Fred George Aandahl , American politician (died 1966)
- April 10: Theodor Bogler , German ceramist, architect and Benedictine Father (died 1968)
- April 11: Caspar Neher , German-Austrian stage designer († 1962)
- April 11: Jakob Franz Alexander Kern , Austrian Premonstratensian, blessed († 1924)
- April 12 Karl Apel , German theologian
- April 12: Julio Cueva , Cuban trumpeter and composer (died 1975)
- April 13 Heinz Matthes , German politician (died 1976)
- April 13 Hermann Veit , German politician (died 1973)
- April 14 Edgardo Donato , Argentine tango musician (d. 1963)
- April 14 Barbara Wootton , British sociologist, economist and criminologist (died 1988)
- April 16: Pierre Goutte , French racing driver (d. 1965)
- April 16: Eugen Leibfried , German politician, Baden-Württemberg Minister of Agriculture († 1978)
- April 17 Thomas Ryum Amlie , American politician (died 1973)
- April 17 – Antoon Coolen , Dutch writer and journalist (died 1961)
- April 17: Harald Sæverud , Norwegian composer (d. 1992)
- April 17 Thornton Wilder , American writer (died 1975)
- April 18 Rudolf Bechstein , German landscape painter and photographer (died 1961)
- April 19: Jiroemon Kimura , Japanese oldest man alive († 2013)
- April 19 Bruno Diekmann , German politician, Prime Minister of Schleswig-Holstein (died 1982)
- April 23 Lester Pearson , Canadian politician (died 1972)
- April 23: Pixinguinha , Brazilian musician (d. 1973)
- April 24 Benjamin Whorf , American linguist (d. 1941)
- April 24 György Kósa , Hungarian composer (died 1984)
- April 24: Willy Neuenhofen , German test pilot (d. 1936)
- April 25 Aloys Feldmann , German politician (died 1965)
- April 25: Haro Stepanyan , Armenian composer (died 1966)
- April 26: Douglas Sirk , German stage and film director of UFA, later in exile in Hollywood († 1987)
- April 26: Olga Chekhova , Russian-German actress (died 1980)
- April 26 Fiddlin' Doc Roberts , American old-time musician (d. 1978)
- April 27: Elsa Andersson , Swedish pilot (died 1922)
- April 28: Ye Jianying , Chinese field marshal and politician (died 1986)
May
- May 1: Otto Brües , German writer (died 1967)
- May 2: Tériade , Greek-French art critic and publisher (died 1983)
- May 2: Willemijn Posthumus-van der Goot , Dutch author and feminist (died 1989)
- May 4 Georg Ackermann , German politician (died 1964)
- May 4: Fritz Stricker , German politician and journalist (died 1949)
- May 5 Kenneth Burke , American writer and communication theorist (d. 1993)
- May 5: Osvaldo Nicolás Fresedo , Argentine musician, arranger, bandleader, composer and lyricist (d. 1984)
- May 6: Henry Charles Armand d'Abbadie d'Arrast , American film director (d. 1968)
- May 6: William A. Purtell , American politician (died 1978)
- May 6: Karl Kurt Klein , German scholar (died 1971)
- May 7: Walter Claus-Oehler , German soccer player (died 1941)
- May 9: Clara Ege , German painter, sculptor and silk weaver (died 1990)
- May 10: Einar Gerhardsen , Norwegian social democratic politician (died 1987)
- May 10: Rudolf Henz , Austrian writer, program director of the ORF († 1987)
- May 11 Kurt Gerron , German actor and director (died 1944)
- May 11: George P. Murdock , American anthropologist (d. 1985)
- May 11: Kurt Wehlte , German painter, painting technician and restorer (died 1973)
- May 12 – Joe Little Twig , American football player and police officer (d. 1939)
- May 14: Sidney Bechet , American (Creole) soprano saxophonist and clarinetist (died 1959)
- May 14 Ed Ricketts , American marine biologist and philosopher (d. 1948)
- May 15: Josef Hendel , German painter (died 1993)
- May 15 George Perlman , American violinist, composer, and music educator (died 2000)
- May 15 Rudolf Schwarz , German architect and author (died 1961)
- May 16: Hans Jürgen von Arnswaldt , German forester (died 1988)
- May 16: Walther Geiser , Swiss composer and music teacher (d. 1993)
- May 17 Odd Hassel , Norwegian chemist (died 1981)
- May 17: Oswald Rothaug , German lawyer (died 1967)
- May 18: Frank Capra , American film director (d. 1991)
- May 18: Edgard Colle , Belgian chess champion (d. 1932)
- May 18: Hans Felix Husadel , German composer and professor (died 1964)
- May 19: Waldemar Augustiny , German writer (died 1979)
- May 19: Enrico Mainardi , Italian cellist, composer and conductor (died 1976)
- May 20: Wilhelm Kimmich , German painter (died 1986)
- May 20 Diego Abad de Santillán , Spanish economist and anarcho-syndicalist (died 1983)
- May 21: Markus Feldmann , Swiss politician (died 1958)
- May 21: Conrad Felixmüller , German painter (died 1977)
- May 22: Robert Neumann , Austro-British writer (died 1975)
- May 23: Jimmie Guthrie , British motorcycle racer (d. 1937)
- May 23 Wilhelm Schwinn , German politician (died 1967)
- May 25: Gene Tunney , American boxer and world heavyweight champion (d. 1978)
- May 27: John Cockcroft , British physicist and Nobel laureate (d. 1967)
- May 27: Otto Paust , German Nazi writer (died 1975)
- May 27 Adolf Portmann , Swiss zoologist and natural philosopher (died 1982)
- May 27: Fritz Rienecker , German evangelical publicist, pastor and theologian (died 1965)
- May 28 Lambertus Johannes Bot , Dutch author, anti-militarist and anarchist (died 1988)
- May 29 Erich Wolfgang Korngold , Austrian-American composer, conductor and pianist (d. 1957)
- May 29: Johannes Winkler , German aerospace engineer (died 1947)
- May 31: Rudolf von Scheliha , German resistance fighter, member of the "Red Orchestra" († 1942)
June
- June 1 – Erik Bohlin , Swedish cyclist and motorcycle racer (d. 1977)
- June 2 – Paul Schmiedlin , Swiss soccer player and athlete (d. 1981)
- June 3 – Memphis Minnie , American blues musician (d. 1973)
- June 5: Jara Beneš , Czech composer (died 1949)
- June 7: George Szell , Hungarian-American conductor (d. 1970)
- June 9 Wilhelm Paschek , German politician (died 1952)
- June 9 – Kees Pijl , Dutch footballer (died 1976)
- June 10: Friedrich Lorenz , German priest and Nazi victim (died 1944)
- June 10: Tatyana Nikolayevna Romanova , Grand Duchess of Russia, daughter of Tsar Nicholas II (d. 1918)
- June 11: Alexandre Tansman , Polish-French composer (died 1986)
- June 12 – Percy Bryant , American bobsledder (d. 1960)
- June 12: Anthony Eden , British Foreign and Prime Minister (died 1977)
- June 12 Maria Koller-Feuchtinger , Austrian politician (died 1987)
- June 12: Hans Mötteli , Swiss Professor of Business Administration († 1962)
- June 12: Walter Peterhans , German photographer (died 1960)
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- June 13: Paavo Nurmi , Finnish athlete (d. 1973)
- June 14 Ladislaus Kmoch , Austrian caricaturist and comic artist (died 1971)
- June 15: Rafael Ignacio , Dominican composer (died 1984)
- June 15 Antonio Riberi , Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church (died 1967)
- June 16: Ari Leshnikov , Bulgarian 1st tenor of the Berlin ensemble "Comedian Harmonists" († 1978)
- June 16 Adelbert Mühlschlegel , German Baha'i (died 1980)
- June 16: Richard Schapke , German national revolutionary, association functionary and publicist († 1940)
- June 16: Georg Wittig , German chemist (died 1987)
- June 17 Friedrich Herzfeld , German conductor, music writer and music critic (d. 1967)
- June 17 Sumner Sewall , American politician (died 1965)
- June 19: Cyril Norman Hinshelwood , British chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1967)
- June 19: Moe Howard , American comedian (The Three Stooges) (d. 1975)
- June 19 Elisabeth Walter , German teacher and writer (died 1956)
- June 20: George Eyston , British engineer, record and car racer (d. 1978)
- June 20 Elisabeth Hauptmann , German writer (died 1973)
- June 21: Georg Scheu , German oenologist († 1949)
- June 22 Norbert Elias , German-British sociologist, philosopher and poet (died 1990)
- June 22 – Otto Bramm , German art historian and folklorist (died 1986)
- June 23 Tewfik "Toothpick" Abdullah , Egyptian footballer (†unknown)
- June 23: Wilhelm Henke , German pastor, theologian and regional bishop in Schaumburg-Lippe († 1981)
- June 23 – Terig Tucci , Argentine composer, violinist, pianist and mandolinist (d. 1973)
- June 23: Winifred Wagner , director of the Bayreuth Festival († 1980)
- June 24: Hermann Busch , German cellist (died 1975)
- June 24 Omkarnath Thakur , Indian singer, music educator and scholar (d. 1967)
- June 24 Adrienne Thomas , German writer (died 1980)
- June 26: Sosthènes de la Rochefoucauld , French racing driver (d. 1970)
- June 26: Walter Vesper , German politician (died 1978)
- June 27: Otto Braun , German writer (died 1918)
- June 27: Heinz von Cleve , German actor (died 1984)
- June 27 – Russ Method , American football player (d. 1971)
- June 28: André Dubonnet , French military pilot, athlete, racing driver, entrepreneur and inventor (d. 1980)
- June 29: José Dolores Cerón , Dominican composer (died 1969)
- June 29: Ottmar Gerster , German composer (died 1969)
- June 30 Munrezzan Andreossi , Swiss ice hockey player (d. 1958)
July
- July 1: Willi Paul , German author and resistance fighter (died 1979)
- July 2 Erich Hilgenfeldt , Nazi-era German official (died 1945)
- July 3 – Jesse Douglas , American mathematician (died 1965)
- July 5 Paul Ben-Haim , Israeli composer (died 1984)
- July 6: Karl Hofacker , Swiss civil engineer and university lecturer (died 1991)
- July 8: Kurt Adam , German officer (died 1973)
- July 8 Austin Bradford Hill , British scientist and researcher (died 1991)
- July 9 Karl Ratz , German politician and publishing director (died 1961)
- July 10: John Gilbert , American film actor (d. 1936)
- July 10 Manlio Giovanni Brosio , Italian politician (died 1980)
- July 10: Karl Plagge , German Wehrmacht officer who saved about 250 Jews († 1957)
- July 10 Ludwig Schwerin , German-Israeli painter, graphic artist and book illustrator (died 1983)
- July 11: Gregorio Fuentes , Cuban sea captain (died 2002)
- July 13 Wilhelm Braun , German cross-country skier (died 1969)
- July 14 Plaek Phibunsongkhram , Thai Prime Minister and Field Marshal (d. 1964)
- July 15 Sam H. Jones , American politician (died 1978)
- July 16: Ruth Beutler , German zoologist (died 1959)
- July 17 Max Knoll , German electrical engineer (died 1969)
- July 17 Hermann Neuling , German horn player and composer (died 1967)
- July 20: Tadeus Reichstein , Swiss chemist (d. 1996)
- July 20 Camillo Berneri , Italian author and anarchist (died 1937)
- July 21: Santiago Arrieta , Uruguayan actor (d. 1975)
- July 21: Carl Bilfinger , German constitutional lawyer (died 1958)
- July 21 – John Marshall Butler , American politician (died 1978)
- July 21: Vasily Danilovich Sokolovsky , Soviet military (died 1968)
- July 24 Amelia Earhart , American aviation pioneer and suffragette (d. 1937)
- July 24 Franz Josef Kallmann , German-American psychiatrist (d. 1965)
- July 24 Karl Benno von Mechow , German writer (died 1960)
- July 25: Hermann Ambrosius , German composer and music teacher (died 1983)
- July 26 Paul Gallico , American author (died 1976)
- July 26: Jakob Gapp , Austrian priest in the resistance against the Nazi regime († 1943)
- July 27 Adolfo Baloncieri , Italian footballer and coach (died 1986)
- July 28: Leonid Abramovich Anulov , Soviet scout (died 1974)
- July 28 Albert Huber , Swiss diplomat (died 1959)
- July 29: Johannes Leopold Martin Arpe , German actor, director and theater manager († 1962)
- July 30: Maria Fischer , Austrian Seidenwinderin and Trotskyist resistance fighter against Austrofascism and National Socialism († 1962)
- July 31: Ili Kronstein , Austrian painter (died 1948)
- July 31: Hermann Senkowsky , Austrian Finance President in the General Government in Poland († 1965)
August
- August 2: Karl Otto Koch , SS-Standartenfuhrer and camp commander of the Buchenwald concentration camp († 1945)
- August 2 Rudolf Schleicher , German engineer and motorcycle racer (d. 1989)
- August 2 Philippe Soupault , French poet and writer (died 1990)
- August 2: Max Weber , Swiss politician (died 1974)
- August 3: Jóhannes Gunnarsson , Roman Catholic Bishop and Vicar Apostolic in Iceland (died 1972)
- August 4: Adolf Heusinger , German general (died 1982)
- August 5: Norbert Lichtenecker , Austrian geographer (died 1938)
- August 5: Juan Carlos Paz , Argentine composer (d. 1972)
- August 6: Uno Åhrén , Swedish architect and urban planner (died 1977)
- August 7: Wulf Emmo Ankel , German zoologist, marine biologist and university lecturer († 1983)
- August 7: Carl Wery , German actor (died 1975)
- August 8: Rudolf Ausleger , German painter (died 1974)
- August 8 Wilhelm Gabriel , German composer and music publisher (died 1964)
- August 11 Enid Blyton , English children's author (died 1968)
- August 11: Käthe Haack , German actress (died 1986)
- August 12 Otto von Struve , Russian-American astronomer (died 1963)
- August 14: Paul Ruegger , Swiss lawyer (died 1988)
- August 14 Simone Plé-Caussade , French composer, pianist and music teacher (d. 1986)
- August 16 Marjorie Barnard , Australian writer (d. 1987)
- August 17: Jean Vaurez , French racing driver (d. 1981)
- August 19 Arthur Frey , Swiss politician (died 1955)
- August 19: Ilse Thouret , German motorcycle and automobile racer, athlete and sports journalist († 1969)
- August 20 Forman Phillips , American country music host and promoter (d. 1968)
- August 21: Franz Arnold , Swiss politician (died 1984)
- August 21: Kōsaku Aruga , Japanese admiral (d. 1945)
- August 22: Elisabeth Bergner , Austrian theater and film actress (d. 1986)
- August 23: Bernhard Almstadt , German communist and resistance fighter (died 1944)
- August 25: Jaroslav Řídký , Czech composer, conductor, musician and music teacher (died 1956)
- August 26: Yun Bo-seon , South Korean politician (died 1990)
- August 28 Bernard Povel , German politician (died 1952)
- August 28: Wilhelm Nowack , German politician (died 1990)
- August 29: Helge Rosvaenge , Danish tenor (died 1972)
- August 29: Paul Schneider , German pastor (died 1939)
- August 31: Fredric March , American actor (died 1975)
- August 31: Marianne Bruns , German writer (died 1994)
- August 31: Otto Dietrich , Reich Press Chief of the NSDAP and State Secretary († 1952)
- August 31: Willy Liebel , German Nazi Party politician and Lord Mayor of Nuremberg. († 1945)
September
- September 1: Johan de Haas , Dutch author and anarchist (died 1945)
- September 1 Geza Slovig , Romanian-German church musician, music teacher and composer (died 1944)
- September 3: Francisco Mignone , Brazilian composer (d. 1986)
- September 4 Gus Arnheim , American pianist, composer, arranger and bandleader (died 1955)
- September 4 William Urquhart-Dykes , British racing driver and aviator (d. 1979)
- September 5: Charles Kasiel Bliss , Ukrainian-Australian inventor of the Bliss symbols (d. 1985)
- September 5 Grete Popper , German photographer (died 1976)
- September 6 Emile Maret , French racing driver (d. 1967)
- September 7 Herbert AE Böhme , German actor (died 1984)
- September 8: Hugo de Groot , Dutch composer and conductor (d. 1986)
- September 8 – Jimmie Rodgers , American country musician (d. 1933)
- September 10 Georges Bataille , French writer, sociologist and philosopher (died 1962)
- September 10: Hilde Hildebrand , German actress and singer (d. 1976)
- September 10: Otto Strasser , German (National Socialist) politician (died 1974)
- September 12: Irène Joliot-Curie , French chemist and Nobel laureate (d. 1956)
- September 13 Erich Friedrich Schmidt , American archaeologist of German descent (died 1964)
- September 13: Honorio Siccardi , Argentine composer (died 1963)
- September 15: Kurt Daluege , SS-Oberstgruppenfuhrer and Chief of the Order Police in the Third Reich († 1946)
- September 15: Theodor Adrian von Renteln , German National Socialist functionary and politician (died 1946)
- September 17: John Gordon Aitken , Scottish footballer (died 1967)
- September 17: Will Meisel , German dancer, composer and publishing house founder (d. 1967)
- September 20 Humberto Castelo Branco , President of Brazil (died 1967)
- September 22: Alwin Wolz , German Major General (died 1978)
- September 23: Walter Pidgeon , Canadian actor (d. 1984)
- September 24: Károly Pap , Hungarian writer (died 1945)
- September 25 William Faulkner , American writer (died 1962)
- September 26: Paul VI , Pope († 1978)
- September 26 – Victor Otto Stomps , German publisher and writer (d. 1970)
- September 28: Muchtar Omarchanuly Äuesov , Kazakh writer (died 1961)
- September 28 Charles S. Thomas , American politician (died 1983)
October
- October 1: Heinrich Gretler , Swiss actor (d. 1977)
- October 2 – Wallace Stevens , American poet (d. 1955)
- October 3 Louis Aragon , French historian, poet and writer (died 1982)
- October 4 Margarethe Hedwig Aurin , German kindergarten teacher (died 1989)
- October 5: Gaspar Cassadó , Spanish cellist (died 1966)
- October 5 – George Salter , German-American commercial graphic artist and stage designer († 1967)
- October 6: Gerhard Lamprecht , German director († 1974)
- October 6 Ngo Dinh Thuc , Vietnamese titular Archbishop of Bulla Regia and Archbishop emeritus of Hue (died 1984)
- October 7 Charles Chauvel , Australian screenwriter, film director and producer (1959)
- October 7 Elijah Muhammad , American founder and longtime leader of the Nation of Islam (d. 1975)
- October 7 – Herman Nohl , German educator and philosopher (died 1960)
- October 8: Joseph Calvet , French violinist (died 1984)
- October 8: Marcel Herrand , French actor (died 1953)
- October 8 Rouben Mamoulian , American film and theater director (d. 1987)
- October 9: Osaragi Jirō , Japanese writer (died 1973)
- October 11: Joseph Auslander , American poet (died 1965)
- October 12 – Otto Montag , German soccer player (died 1973)
- October 13 – Walter Frevert , German forester and hunting writer (died 1962)
- October 13: Renée Stobrawa , German actress (died 1971)
- October 14 Gerónimo Arnedo Álvarez , Argentine politician (died 1980)
- October 15: Friedrich Schulz , German general (died 1976)
- October 16: Louis de Cazenave , French soldier in World War I (died 2008)
- October 16: Josef Erber , SS-Oberscharführer, admissions manager of the women's camp in Auschwitz, mass murderer († 1987)
- October 16 – Gertrud Wiebke Schröder , German sculptor and artist (died 1977)
- October 17: Martin Jordan , German Reichstag deputy of the NSDAP († 1945)
- October 18 Luis Vargas Rosas , Chilean painter (died 1977)
- October 19 Peter Lorson , Franco-German Catholic theologian, Jesuit, writer (died 1954)
- October 20: Peter Bamm , German writer (died 1975)
- October 21 Alexander Lernet-Holenia , Austrian writer (died 1976)
- 21 October: Gottlob Kamm , Baden-Württemberg Minister of State († 1973)
- October 21: Vera Balser-Eberle , Austrian actress (d. 1982)
- October 21 – Lina Prokofiev , Spanish-Russian singer and first wife of Sergei Prokofiev (died 1989)
- October 24 – Lazar Weiner , American composer and choir director (d. 1982)
- October 26: Henry Vahl , German actor (died 1977)
- October 26 – James Leonard Brierley Smith , South African zoologist (d. 1968)
- October 28 Edith Head , US costume designer (d. 1981)
- October 28: Hans Speidel , German general (died 1984)
- October 28: Oskar Kalbfell , German member of the federal and state parliaments, Mayor of Reutlingen († 1979)
- October 28 Leutfrid Signer , Swiss Roman Catholic minister and educator (died 1963)
- October 29: Hope Emerson , American actress (died 1960)
- October 29: Joseph Goebbels , Nazi politician and Minister of Propaganda († 1945)
- October 30: Agustín Lara , Mexican composer and singer (d. 1970)
- October 31 – Pete Henry , American football player and coach (d. 1952)
November
- November 3: Wilhelm Troll , German botanist (died 1978)
- November 4: Oscar Lorenzo Fernández , Brazilian composer (died 1948)
- November 4: Kurt Held , pseudonym of the Swiss writer Kurt Kläber († 1959)
- November 6: Paula Karpinski , German politician (died 2005)
- November 6: Marcel Mongin , French racing driver (d. 1972)
- November 7: Dimitrij Andrusov , Czechoslovakian geologist (died 1976)
- November 7: Herman J. Mankiewicz , Polish-American Hollywood screenwriter (d. 1953)
- November 8 John Ries Bartels , American lawyer (died 1997)
- November 8: Dorothy Day , American social activist (d. 1980)
- November 8: Elisabeth Crodel , German painter (died 1967)
- November 9: Ronald George Wreyford Norrish , British chemist and Nobel laureate (d. 1978)
- November 12 Alfred Aufdenblatten , Swiss cross-country skier (died 1975)
- November 12: Hans Deppe , German director (died 1969)
- November 12: Karl Marx , German composer and educator (died 1985)
- November 13 Martin Gumpert , German-American physician and writer (d. 1955)
- November 13 Tilly Edinger , German paleontologist, founder of "paleoneurology" in Germany († 1967)
- November 15 Aneurin Bevan , British politician (died 1960)
- November 15: Josef Knecht , German publisher (died 1980)
- November 15: Parker McKenzie , American Kiowa linguist (d. 1999)
- November 15 Viktor Agartz , German economist (died 1964)
- November 17: Wolfgang Abshagen , German Wehrmacht officer (died 1945)
- November 18 Georg Zimmermann , Austrian politician and minister (ÖVP) († 1958)
- November 18 Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett , British physicist and Nobel laureate (d. 1974)
- November 20 Rudolf Basedau , German politician (died 1975)
- November 21: Veza Canetti , Austrian writer (died 1963)
- November 21: Mollie Steimer , Russian anarchist (died 1980)
- November 22: Paul Oswald Ahnert , German astronomer (died 1989)
- November 22 – Rudolf Rößler , German spy during World War II (died 1958)
- November 23: Fritz Steinhoff , German politician, Prime Minister of North Rhine-Westphalia († 1969)
- November 24: Ernst Busse , German politician, head of the International Inmates Committee at Buchenwald concentration camp (died 1952)
- November 24 Lucky Luciano , American mobster (died 1962)
- November 24 Cecil Wingfield Fiennes , British peer and racing driver (d. 1972)
- November 25 Kurt Bauch , German art historian (died 1975)
- November 26: Manuel Apolinario Odría Amoretti , military ruler of Peru from 1948 to 1956 († 1974)
- November 28: Fritz Stamer , German pilot, flight instructor and aircraft designer (d. 1969)
- November 30: André Aubréville , French botanist (d. 1982)
- November 30: Lilli Bohnke , German violinist (died 1928)
- November 30: Virginia Henderson , American nurse and nursing theorist (d. 1996)
- November 30: Quinto Maganini , American composer and conductor (d. 1974)
December
- December 1: Xaver Affentranger , Swiss ski jumper, Nordic combined and cross-country skier
- December 1: Josef Auinger , Austrian detective (d. 1961)
- December 1: Hansl Schmid , Austrian Wienerlied singer (died 1987)
- 2 December: Hovhannes Baghramian , Soviet military (died 1982)
- December 3: Kate O'Brien , Irish novelist (died 1974)
- December 4: Victor Band , Austro-German engineer and political functionary (NSDAP) (died 1973)
- December 4 Lionel de Marmier , French aviator, general and racing driver (died 1944)
- December 5: Nunnally Johnson , American screenwriter (died 1977)
- December 5: Pierre Mesnel , French racing driver (died 1945)
- December 5: Gershom Scholem , German researcher of Jewish mysticism (died 1982)
- December 5 Sonny Boy Williamson , American blues musician (d. 1965)
- December 5: Ernst Zündor , German motorcycle racer (died 1964)
- December 6: Milton Young , American politician (died 1983)
- December 7: Lazare Ponticelli , Italian-French participant in World War I (died 2008)
- December 8: Paul Aebischer , Swiss Romanist and Medievalist (died 1977)
- December 10: Jakob Bräckle , German painter (died 1987)
- December 10 – Ernesto Cortázar , Mexican composer, actor, director and screenwriter (d. 1953)
- December 10 Karl Heinrich Waggerl , Austrian writer (died 1973)
- December 11: Harry Thomson Andrews , South African diplomat (d. 1985)
- December 11 Hans Hoff , Austrian psychiatrist (died 1969)
- December 11: Friederike Nadig , German politician, one of the four "Mothers of the Basic Law" († 1970)
- December 13 Erich Gutenberg , German business economist (died 1984)
- December 14 Thomas Dehler , German politician (died 1967)
- December 14 Erich Fascher , German Protestant theologian (died 1978)
- December 14 Kurt Schuschnigg , Austrian politician (died 1977)
- December 14: Georges Thill , French operatic tenor (d. 1984)
- December 15: Theodor Busse , German general (died 1986)
- December 15: Kamura Isota , Japanese writer (died 1933)
- December 15 Zenta Mauriņa , Latvian writer (died 1978)
- December 15 Donald McGavran , American evangelical theologian, missionary and missiologist (died 1990)
- December 18 Fletcher Henderson , American jazz pianist, bandleader and composer (died 1952)
- December 19 – Dajos Béla , Russian violinist and dance band leader (died 1978)
- December 22: Max Hansen , Danish cabaret artist, film actor and singer (d. 1961)
- December 22: Paul Schlack , German chemist (died 1987)
- December 23 Ernst Krenn , Austrian Scandinavian scholar (died 1954)
- December 26 – Géza von Bolváry , Hungarian actor, screenwriter and director (d. 1961)
- December 26 Willy Max Rademacher , German politician (died 1971)
- December 27: Louis Pichard , French racing driver (died 1974)
- December 28: Ivan Konev , Soviet Marshal (died 1973)
- December 29: Anselm Ahlfors , Finnish wrestler (died 1974)
- December 29: Hermann Heiss , German composer for twelve-tone music and electronic music († 1966)
- December 30 Else Hueck-Dehio , German writer (died 1976)
Exact date of birth unknown
- Armando Cuitlahuac Amador Sandoval , Mexican Ambassador (died 1970)
- Georgi Alexandrovich Astakhov , Soviet diplomat (died 1942)
- Rildia Bee Cliburn , American music educator (died 1994)
- Maurice Franck , French composer and music teacher (died 1983)
- Mir Ghulam Muhammad Ghubar , Afghan politician, poet and writer (died 1978)
- Werner Jadassohn , Swiss dermatologist († 1973)
- Hâmit Zübeyir Koşay , Turkish archaeologist and ethnologist (died 1984)
- Elmina Moissán , Chilean painter (died 1938)
- Julio Antonio Vásquez , Chilean sculptor (died 1976)
Died
January to March
- January 3: Louis Vivien de Saint-Martin , French geographer (born 1802)
- January 3 Guglielmo Sanfelice D'Acquavella , Italian cardinal (b. 1834)
- January 5: George Whiting Flagg , American painter (b. 1816)
- January 13: David Schwarz , Austrian inventor, builder of the first rigid airship (b. 1850)
- January 26: Johann Friedrich Sebastian Abratzky , conqueror of Königstein Fortress (b. 1829)
- February 3: Lisa Baumfeld , Austrian-Jewish writer (b. 1877)
- February 4: José Miguel Blanco , Chilean sculptor (b. 1839)
- February 5: Carl Wilhelm von Ahlefeldt , squire of the noble estate Treuholz and provost of the Uetersen monastery (b. 1818)
- February 6: Raffaele Cadorna , Italian general (b. 1815)
- February 6: Christian Tønsberg , Norwegian publisher of National Romanticism (b. 1813)
- February 7: Galileo Ferraris , Italian engineer and physicist (born 1847)
- February 13: Friedrich Mitterwurzer , Austrian actor (b. 1844)
- February 17: August Köhler , German Protestant clergyman and university teacher (b. 1835)
- February 19: Karl Weierstrass , German mathematician (b. 1815)
- February 23: Woldemar Bargiel , German composer (b. 1828)
- February 23: Julius Mankell , Swedish officer, politician and military historian (b. 1828)
- February 23: Carl Mendelssohn Bartholdy , German historian (b. 1838)
- February 25: Michael Bernays , German philologist and literary historian (b. 1834)
- February 25: Cornélie Falcon , French opera singer (b. 1814)
- March 7: Peter von Bradke , German linguist and Sanskritist (born 1853)
- March 10: Joseph N. Dolph , American politician (b. 1835)
- March 11: Eduard Kreyßig , German architect, urban planner and civil engineering specialist (b. 1830)
- March 11: Daniel Sanders , German linguist and lexicographer (b. 1819)
- March 14: Pedro de Aycinena y Piñol , President of Guatemala (b. 1802)
- March 15: James Joseph Sylvester , English mathematician (born 1814)
- March 19: Antoine Thomson d'Abbadie , French explorer (b. 1810)
- March 20: Albert de Meuron , Swiss landscape, genre, history and portrait painter (b. 1823)
- March 30: Angus Cameron , American politician (b. 1826)
- March 31: Hugo Hanke , Berlin building contractor and member of the city council (b. 1837)
April to June
- April 1: Thekla von Gumpert , German children's book author (b. 1810)
- 3 April: Johannes Brahms , German Romantic pianist and composer (b. 1833)
- 8 April: Heinrich von Stephan , General Post Director of the German Empire (b. 1831)
- April 9: Friedrich Georg von Bunge , German-Baltic legal historian (b. 1802)
- April 10: Friedrich Franz III. , Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (b. 1851)
- April 11: Johann Nepomuk Brischar , German Catholic church historian (b. 1819)
- April 14: Émile Levassor , French automobile pioneer and racing driver (b. 1843)
- April 26: Christoph Ludwig Goll , German organ builder (b. 1824)
- April 26: Roberto Stagno , Italian operatic tenor (b. 1840)
- April 27: Ludwig Wilhelm August von Baden , Prince of Baden, politician and general (b. 1829)
- May 1: Emil Oelbermann , German industrialist (b. 1833)
- May 4: Johann Georg Fischer , German lyric poet and playwright (b. 1816)
- May 5: James Theodore Bent , British traveler and archaeologist (b. 1852)
- May 7: Henri d'Orléans, duc d'Aumale , French general, historian and art collector (b. 1822)
- May 10: Andrés Bonifacio , Filipino revolutionary (b. 1863)
- May 10: William Thomas Best , English organist (b. 1826)
- May 12: Minna Canth , Finnish writer (b. 1844)
- May 14: Richard Coke , American politician and jurist (b. 1829)
- May 14: Max Maretzek , American opera director, conductor and composer (b. 1821)
- May 15: John Naylor , English organist and composer (born 1838)
- May 16: Louis Baare , German economic pioneer (b. 1821)
- May 18: William Evans Arthur , American politician (b. 1825)
- May 20: Joseph H. Earle , American politician (b. 1847)
- May 20: Horatio King , American politician (b. 1811)
- May 21: Augustus Wollaston Franks , British antiquarian and curator of the British Museum (b. 1826)
- May 24: Conrad Geißler , German organ builder (b. 1825)
- May 25: Peter Langen , German classical scholar (b. 1835)
- May 27: Otfried Hans von Meusebach , German-American farmer, botanist and politician (b. 1812)
- May 29: Julius Sachs , German botanist (b. 1832)
- June 8: Peter Tunner , Austrian mining pioneer (b. 1809)
- June 11: Henry Ayers , Prime Minister of South Australia (b. 1821)
- June 11: Carl Remigius Fresenius , German chemist (b. 1818)
- June 12: Friedrich Hermann Wölfert , German publisher and aviation pioneer (b. 1850)
- June 17: Sebastian Kneipp , German (Bavarian) priest and hydrotherapist (b. 1821)
- June 18: Franz Krenn , Austrian composer (b. 1816)
- June 19 Charles Cunningham Boycott , British estate manager in Ireland (b. 1832)
- June 22: Friedrich Hermann Semmig , German writer and philosopher (b. 1820)
- June 27: Johann Jakob Sulzer , Swiss politician (b. 1821)
- June 29: Otakar Berger , Czech cellist (b. 1873)
- June 30: Heinrich Ludwig , German painter and art historian (b. 1829)
July to September
- July 3: John Evans , American politician (b. 1814)
- July 4: Amor De Cosmos , Canadian politician and journalist (b. 1825)
- July 6: Henri Meilhac , French playwright (b. 1831)
- July 8 Isham G. Harris , American politician (b. 1818)
- July 15: William Thierry Preyer , English physiologist (b. 1841)
- July 27: Bernhard Kothe , German composer, church musician, music historian and educator (b. 1821)
- July 28: Étienne Vacherot , French scholar and philosopher (b. 1809)
- July 30: Alfred von Arneth , Austrian historian and politician (b. 1819)
- August 2: Adam Asnyk , Polish lyric poet and playwright (b. 1838)
- August 5: Albert Marth , German astronomer (b. 1828)
- August 7: Jakob Baechtold , Swiss literary scholar (b. 1848)
- August 8: Jacob Burckhardt , Swiss art historian (b. 1818)
- August 8: Antonio Cánovas del Castillo , Spanish politician, prime minister, poet and historian (b. 1828)
- August 10: James W. Abert , American engineer officer and cartographer (b. 1820)
- August 13: Curt von Hagen , German colonial official (b. 1859)
- August 20 Michele Angiolillo Lombardi, Italian anarchist and assassin (born 1871)
- August 23: Alexander Duncker , German publisher and bookseller (b. 1813)
- August 24: Mutsu Munemitsu , Japanese politician, inter alia Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1844)
- August 27: Eduard von Hofmann , Austrian forensic pathologist (b. 1837)
- 1 September: Tommaso Vallauri , Italian philologist and professor of rhetoric (b. 1805)
- September 12: Alix Fournier , French composer (b. 1864)
- September 16: Arnulfo Arroyo Romero , Mexican anarchist (b. 1865)
- September 19: Kornel Ujejski , Polish lyric poet (b. 1823)
- September 22: Charles Denis Bourbaki , French general (b. 1816)
- September 27: George M. Robeson , American politician (b. 1829)
- September 30: Leopold Auerbach , German anatomist (b. 1828)
- September 30: Therese of Lisieux , French Carmelite nun and saint (b. 1873)
October to December
- 3 October: Hamilton Prioleau Bee , politician and Civil War brigadier general in the Confederate Army (b. 1822)
- October 3: Samuel James Renwick McMillan , American lawyer and politician (b. 1826)
- October 6: Ernst Julius Meier , German Protestant theologian (b. 1828)
- October 8: John R. McPherson , American politician (b. 1833)
- October 9 Karl Grillenberger , German social democrat and labor leader (b. 1848)
- October 11: Léon Boëllmann , French organist and composer (b. 1862)
- October 13: Thomas J. Robertson , American politician (b. 1823)
- October 17: Isidor Dannström , Swedish composer (b. 1812)
- October 19: Friedrich Hermann Lütkemüller , German organ builder (b. 1815)
- 23 October: Friederike Amalie Agnes , Princess of Anhalt-Dessau and Duchess of Saxe-Altenburg (b. 1824)
- October 28: Peter Imandt , German representative of the labor movement and revolutionary (b. 1823)
- October: Salomon August Andrée , Swedish engineer and polar explorer (born 1854)
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- November 5: James Ponder , American politician (b. 1819)
- November 6: Edouard Deldevez , French composer, violinist and conductor (born 1817)
- November 8: Nathan Fellows Dixon , American politician (b. 1847)
- November 13: Carlos Otto , German chemist and entrepreneur (b. 1838)
- November 14: Giuseppina Strepponi , Italian opera singer, interpreter and wife of Giuseppe Verdi (b. 1815)
- November 15: John Mercer Langston , American, civil rights activist, lawyer, politician (b. 1829)
- November 16: Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl , German journalist, novelist and cultural historian (b. 1823)
- November 20: William Ernest Powell Giles , Australian explorer (b. 1835)
- November 29: James Legge , British sinologist and translator (b. 1815)
- November 30: Carl Richard Unger , Norwegian philologist (b. 1817)
- December 4 Arnold Otto Aepli , Swiss politician and jurist (b. 1816)
- December 4: Adolf Neuendorff , German-American composer, pianist, director and theater manager (b. 1843)
- December 4: Eugen Zintgraff , German Africa explorer and colonial propagandist (b. 1858)
- 12 December Jaroměr Hendrich Imiš , Sorbian clergyman and cultural politician (b. 1819)
- December 16: Alphonse Daudet , French writer (b. 1840)
- December 19: Jacobus Isaac Doedes , Dutch Reformed theologian (born 1817)
- December 22: Georg Bernhard Simson , German jurist and politician (b. 1817)
- December 28: Meinardus Siderius Pols , Dutch legal scholar (b. 1831)
- December 29: Léon Carvalho , French singer and opera director (b. 1825)
Exact date of death unknown
- Sayyid Jamal ad-Din al-Afghani Sayyid Muhammad ibn Safdar al-Husaini , Persian political activist and theorist (born 1838)
- Zekai Dede , Turkish composer (b. 1825)
web links
Commons : 1897 - Collection of images, videos and audio files
