Marcinków (Bystrzyca Kłodzka)
| Marcinków | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Kłodzko | ||
| Gmina : | Bystrzyca Kłodzka | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 17 ' N , 16 ° 46' E | ||
| Height : | 700-820 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 6th | ||
| Postal code : | 57-512 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 74 | ||
| License plate : | DKL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Wroclaw | ||
Marcinków (German: Martinsberg ) is a village in the powiat Kłodzki in Poland. It belongs to the urban and rural municipality of Bystrzyca Kłodzka ( Habelschwerdt ) and is nine kilometers southwest of Lądek-Zdrój .
geography
Marcinków is located in the south-east of the Kłodzko Basin in the northern foothills of the Kłodzko Snow Mountains . Neighboring towns are Czatków ( Tschihak ) and Konradów in the north, Rogóżka in the east, Sienna and Janowa Góra in the southeast, Kamienna and Idzików in the west and Nowy Waliszów in the northwest. To the south rises the 1205 m high Black Mountain ( Czarna Góra ).
history
Martinsberg was first mentioned in writing in 1343 as Mertesindorf . Other spellings were Merbotinsdorf (1346), Merbetendorf (1465), Merzdorf / Mertzberg (1560) and Merttensberg (1625). It belonged to the Karpenstein dominion in the Glatzer Land . After the destruction of Karpenstein Castle in 1443, it fell to the royal administration in Glatz and from 1526 to the royal chamber . In addition, there was also a free judge property .
The Martinsberg chamber share was sold in 1684, along with numerous other chamber villages in the Landecker and Habelschwerdter districts, to the governor of Glatz, Michael Wenzel von Althann , who already owned the dominions of Mittelwalde , Wölfelsdorf and Schönfeld . This year, the Martinsberg chamber or dominion share consisted of 26 farmers, a field gardener and ten cottagers .
Michael Wenzel von Althann formed the Seitenberg lordship from the chamber villages in the Landecker district , to which Martinsberg also belonged. After his death in 1686, the Seitenberg lordship, which did not belong to the majority estate and could be freely bequeathed, his widow Anna Maria von Aspremont inherited. From this it came in 1723 to her son, the Bishop of Waitzen, Cardinal Michael Friedrich von Althann . In 1733, a year before his death, he sold the Seitendorf estate to Count Georg Olivier von Wallis . This separated Martinsberg from the rule Seitenberg and connected it with his rule Plomnitz . After his death around 1744 his son Stephan Olivier von Wallis inherited the property.
Mining for lead and silver ores has been in operation since the 16th century, which was interrupted by the Thirty Years War and resumed in 1749. Since the yield was low, it was abandoned in the second half of the 18th century.
After the Silesian Wars , Martinsberg and the County of Glatz fell to Prussia in 1763 with the Peace of Hubertusburg . In 1783 Stephan Olivier von Wallis sold his estates to the Silesian hereditary land building director Friedrich Wilhelm von Schlabrendorf on Hassitz und Stolz. In 1789 he sold the dominions Seitenberg and Plomnitz, but kept the Martinsberg and the villages of Winkeldorf , Wolmsdorf and Weißwasser in his possession. He united these villages with his rule Kunzendorf . In 1799 Martinsberg had 370 inhabitants.
After the reorganization of Prussia, Martinsberg belonged to the province of Silesia from 1815 and was initially incorporated into the district of Glatz. In 1818 it was reorganized into the newly formed district of Habelschwerdt . In 1874 the rural community of Martinsberg was assigned to the newly formed district of Kieslingswalde, which also included Glasegrund, Marienau, Neudorf, Plomnitz, Steingrund and Weißwasser. In 1939 there were 424 inhabitants.
As a result of the Second World War , Martinsberg fell to Poland in 1945, like almost all of Silesia, and was renamed Marcinków . The German population was expelled. Since in the post-war years numerous houses and farms were not cultivated and left to decay, the village depopulated except for a few inhabitants in the next few decades. 1975-1998 Marcinków belonged to the Wałbrzych Voivodeship (German Waldenburg ).
The Freirichtergut
The Freirichtergut had been owned by the Kristen family since the mid-16th century. Although Jeremias Kristen was sentenced to a fine of 200 thalers and 24 kreuzers in 1625 for his participation in the Bohemian uprising , the free judges' property escaped confiscation by the emperor. In 1799 the judges' estate each included a farmer, a blacksmith, a shoemaker and a tailor, as well as seven robot gardeners.
Church conditions and church
With the permission of the Glatzer royal office, a small burial church was built in 1598 by the three communities of Martinsberg, Heudorf and Weißwasser. During this time the residents almost without exception professed the Lutheran faith, and the church was a branch of the then Protestant parish church of Konradswalde. After Konradswalde was again occupied by a Catholic priest in 1604, this also took care of Martinsberg. During the Bohemian Estates uprising in 1618, he was driven out by residents who were still zealous Lutherans. They received permission from the Bohemian Directory to employ a Protestant pastor from their Walhl. After the recapture of the County of Glatz by the imperial troops on October 26, 1622, all Lutheran preachers had to leave the county. The pastoral care of Martinsberg was again entrusted to the Catholic pastors of Neuwaltersdorf and Konradswalde. The burial church, built in 1598 without the permission of the Prague Consistory , could no longer be used and fell into disrepair. Not until 1701 was it allowed to use it for church services. It was then repaired at the expense of the villages of Martinsberg and Weißwasser and dedicated to St. Martin consecrated. The inauguration took place on October 19, 1701 by the Dechanten Elias Schreiber, who officiated as pastor in Kunzendorf. In 1779 the church was expanded and a sacristy was added and a new side altar was built. In 1796 the organ builder Johann Kottner from Weidenau delivered an organ. Until 1945, most of the village was parish to Neuwaltersdorf, while the part on the eastern slope of the mountain, known as Tschihak , belonged to the Konradswalde parish church. After the Second World War, the church was left to decay. Ruins are still preserved.
literature
- Joseph Kögler : The chronicles of the county Glatz . Revised by Dieter Pohl . Vol. 4, ISBN 3-927830-18-6 , pp. 101-108.
- Verlag Aktion Ost-West eV: The Glatzer Land . ISBN 3-928508-03-2 , pp. 94-95, p. 173.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Marek Šebela, Jiři Fišer: České Názvy hraničních Vrchů, Sídel a vodních toků v Kladsku . In: Kladský sborník 5, 2003, p. 385