Maria Alexandrovna Spiridonova

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Marija Spiridonowa (before 1906)

Marija Alexandrowna Spiridonova ( Russian Мария Александровна Спиридонова ; also Maria Spiridonova ; scientific transliteration Marija Aleksandrovna Spiridonova ; born October 16, 1884 in Tambow , Russian Empire ; † September 11, 1941 in Orjol , a Russian political party from the Social Union , Soviet Union ) the Social Revolutionaries . She was a member of the Central Committee of the Left Social Revolutionary Party . She was the first woman to be elected to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in 1922.

Life

On January 16, 1906, she committed an assassination attempt on the Lieutenant- Governor of Tambov , Gavriil Nikolajewitsch Luschenowski, at the Borisoglebsk train station , who died on February 10, 1906 as a result of the attack. Spiridonova was caught in the attack and sentenced to death two months later . Because of her poor health, the sentence was commuted to a prison sentence , which she served in Siberia. In the course of a general amnesty after the February Revolution in 1917 , she was released.

Spiridonova was in favor of the Social Revolutionaries' cooperation with the Bolsheviks , both before and after the October Revolution up to the Peace of Brest . On July 6, 1918, she led the uprising of the Left Social Revolutionaries against the Bolsheviks.

She was the first woman to be elected to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in 1922.

Spiridonova was shortly before the German invasion in 1941 together with the Bulgarian Bolsheviks and revolutionary Christian Rakowski and others in prison in Oryol shot .

Your person supplies one of the characters for the play Weiter… weiter… weiter! by Michail Schatrow .

Dietrich Geyer wrote in Die Zeit : “Your letters from the dungeon, printed in the liberal press, stylized the intelligent, beautiful high school student into an indomitable martyr who had been beaten, and possibly even raped, by brutal guards - crimes that screamed for retribution . "

literature

  • VM Lavrov: Marija Spiridonova: terroristka i zhertva terrora. Povestvovanie v documentach. Moskva Archeograficeskij tsentr 1996
  • Isaac Nachman Steinberg : Maria Spiridonova in strijd met tsaar en soviet. Vertaald en bewendet by T. Jelgersma. Arnhem, Van Loghum Slaterus, 1936.

Web links

Commons : Maria Spiridonova  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Mart Martin: The Almanac of Women and Minorities in World Politics. Westview Press Boulder, Colorado, 2000, p. 322.
  2. ↑ Sally A. Boniece: The Case Spiridonova, 1906: Terror, Myth, and Martyrdom , page 128 and 136. In: Just Assassins , ed. by Anthony Anemone, Northwestern University Press, 2010. Retrieved January 18, 2014.
  3. ↑ Your party belonged with the Bolsheviks to the Military Revolutionary Committee.
  4. ^ Mart Martin: The Almanac of Women and Minorities in World Politics. Westview Press Boulder, Colorado, 2000, p. 322.
  5. ^ Dietrich Geyer : The bombs of the martyrs . In: Die Zeit , September 9, 2004. Retrieved August 29, 2013.
personal data
SURNAME Spiridonova, Marija Alexandrovna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Спиридонова, Мария Александровна
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian social revolutionary
DATE OF BIRTH October 16, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Tambov , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH September 11, 1941
Place of death Oryol , Soviet Union