October, 16th
The October 16 is the 289th day of the Gregorian calendar (the 290th in leap years ), thus remain 76 days by year end.
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Events
Politics and world events
- 456 : Ricimer , the Magister militum of the Western Roman Army, defeats Emperor Avitus near Piacenza and forces him to abdicate.
- 955 : In the Battle of the Raxa , Otto the Great asserts himself against the Slavic Abodrites .
- 1384 : Eleven-year-old Hedwig von Anjou is crowned Queen of Poland .
- 1756 : The Saxon army under Count Friedrich August Rutowski is forced to surrender to the Prussian troops after the siege at Pirna in the Seven Years' War .
- 1757 : With the so-called Berlin hussar coup , the Prussian capital is conquered for one day by the Austrian hussar Andreas Hadik von Futak during the Seven Years' War .
- 1775 : Portland in today's US state of Maine is set on fire by the British during the American War of Independence .
- 1793 : French Revolution : Marie Antoinette , sentenced to death the day before , is publicly beheaded with the guillotine .
- 1793 : The victory of the French revolutionary army in the Battle of Wattignies in the First Coalition War forces the imperial commander Friedrich Josias von Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld to break off the siege of Maubeuge and to retreat with the imperial army to the Austrian Netherlands .
- 1806 : The city of Erfurt , which belongs to Prussia, capitulates to the French after the battle of Jena and Auerstedt and is ruled by them until 1814.
- 1813 : The Battle of the Nations near Leipzig , the decisive battle of the Wars of Liberation between the French under Napoleon Bonaparte and the allied Austrians , Russians , Prussians and Swedes , begins.
- 1834 : A fire caused by negligent burning of wood sticks destroys most of the Palace of Westminster .
- 1836 : The Voortrekker Andries Hendrik Potgieter founds the city of Winburg in South Africa as the first city in the area of the later Orange Free State .
- 1853 : With the declaration of war the Ottoman Empire to Russia of up begins in 1856 lasting Crimean War .
- 1859 : John Brown and 21 men attack Harpers Ferry (West Virginia) to use the US arsenal there to spark a slave revolt . However, the plan fails due to a lack of preparation.
- 1865 : Luise Otto-Peters and Auguste Schmidt open a three-day women's conference in Leipzig , at which the General German Women's Association is founded as the first women's association in Germany.
- 1869 : On a farm in the village of Cardiff in the US state of New York , the alleged bones of the "antediluvian" giant from Cardiff are discovered, which later turn out to be a fake.
- 1900 : Germany and Great Britain sign the Yangtze River Agreement on their economic spheres of interest in the Chinese Empire .
- 1905 : The British colonial power divides Bengal into an eastern and a western part. The measure is rejected by the local population and revised after around seven years.
- 1906 : Wilhelm Voigt, the captain of Köpenick , arrests the Köpenick mayor Georg Langerhans and "confiscates" the city treasury.
- 1925 : With the conclusion of the Locarno Treaties , relations between the European victorious powers of World War I and Germany are to be normalized.
- 1934 : The Chinese Communists, led by Mao Zedong, begin their Long March .
- 1944 : Miklós Horthy , Imperial Administrator of Hungary , has to abdicate under German pressure. His successor is the Arrow Cross Ferenc Szálasi .
- 1945 : The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is founded in Québec .
- 1946 : The ten defendants from the Nuremberg trial of the main war criminals sentenced to death are hanged.
- 1951 : Pakistani Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan is assassinated.
- 1955 : The Argentine Air Force bombs the Plaza de Mayo in Buenos Aires, where paramilitary trade union federations fight with army units. After the coup against President Juan Perón, Peronists called for resistance to the new regime.
- 1956 : Franz Josef Strauss replaces Theodor Blank as Minister of Defense of the Federal Republic of Germany .
- 1962 : John F. Kennedy is informed about the Soviet SS4 medium-range missiles in Cuba - the actual 13 days of the Cuban Missile Crisis begin.
- 1963 : Ludwig Erhard ( CDU ) is elected German Chancellor to succeed Konrad Adenauer .
- 1964 : The People's Republic of China conducts the country's first atomic bomb test .
- 1973 : The award of the Nobel Peace Prize to Henry Kissinger and Lê Đức Thọ is announced.
- 1975 : In Balibo , East Timor , five foreign journalists, the Balibo Five , are murdered by Indonesian troops.
- 1984 : The award of the Nobel Peace Prize to the South African Archbishop Desmond Tutu is announced.
- 1989 : Godwin's law is formulated for the first time in a Usenet posting .
- 1994 : The Finns decide to join the EU in a referendum .
- 1995 : In Washington, DC finds Million Man March instead.
- 1998 : The former Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet is arrested in London on charges of genocide on the basis of a Spanish arrest warrant and an extradition request .
- 1998 : In the Maldives , President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom is re-elected for 5 years.
economy
- 1894 : The Imperial Patent Office in Germany enters the first trademark in the trademark register for a Berlin lamp manufacturer .
- 1917 : Investors from several countries participate in the founding of the Companhia de Diamantes de Angola ( Diamang ), which focuses on diamond mining in Angola .
- 1923 : John Harwood applies for a patent in Switzerland for the automatic wristwatch he had invented .
- 1923 : In Burbank establish Walt and Roy Oliver Disney , the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio , later the Walt Disney Company .
- 1989 : The German share index (DAX) suffers the biggest daily loss in its history to date with a minus of 12.81%. The reason was the fear that company takeovers might fail due to the banks' lack of willingness to finance. The trigger was the failed takeover of United Airlines.
- 1995 : Scotland and the Isle of Skye are linked by the Skye Bridge , which is open to traffic .
- 2004 : The Swiss trade unions GBI and SMUV merge to form the major trade union Unia .
science and technology
- 1817 : In the Valley of the Kings at the urging of be Giovanni Battista Belzoni further excavations carried out two days later to expose an input into the grave of the Pharaohs I. Seti lead.
- 1841 : In Canada Kingston (Ontario) is the Queen's University established.
- 1843 : The mathematician William Rowan Hamilton , in a flash of inspiration, comes up with the formula for quaternions (hypercomplex numbers). He carves them into a stone on Dublin's Broom Bridge .
- 1846 : Birth of anesthesia : William Thomas Green Morton performs anesthesia in public for the first time in Boston using his ethereal ball during a surgical procedure, after having successfully used the method for the first time on September 30th.
- 1855 : The Federal Polytechnic School begins lecturing in Zurich.
- 1901 : In Gothenburg , the Swedish Antarctic Expedition, under the scientific direction of Otto Nordenskjöld , sets off for a research trip with the ship Antarctic .
- 1941 : The asteroid Kukkamäki is discovered by Liisi Oterma .
- 1970 : The University of Augsburg opens.
Culture
- 1789 : The premiere of the opera Brenno by Johann Friedrich Reichardt takes place at the Royal Opera in Berlin. It is the first German-language opera performance there.
- 1836 : The collections in the Pinakothek are opened in Munich .
- 1894 : Kaiser Wilhelm II opens the New Court Theater in Wiesbaden , today's Hessian State Theater .
- 1912 : Arnold Schönberg's melodrama Pierrot Lunaire is premiered in the Berlin Choralion Hall under the direction of the composer. The piano part is played by Eduard Steuermann and the reciter is Albertine Zehme. The audience reacts partly enthusiastically, partly outraged.
- 1913 : At the Vienna Burgtheater is George Bernard Shaw's comedy Pygmalion premiered. The fate of Elise Egloff could have served the author as material .
- 1917 : The English war poet Wilfred Owen writes a letter to his mother containing the poem Dulce et Decorum est . The work was not published posthumously until 1920.
- 2002 : The newly built Bibliotheca Alexandrina in Alexandria , Egypt opens.
- 2009 : After 70 years of closure, Chancellor Angela Merkel opens the New Museum (Berlin) , which houses the Egyptian Museum and papyrus collection with the bust of the Egyptian Queen Nefertiti .
society
- 1916 : Nurse Margaret Sanger opens the first US family planning and birth control clinic in Brownsville, New York City, along with her sister and a like-minded woman. Nine days later, the three women are arrested by the police.
- 1991 : In Texas Killeen a shoot gunman 23 people in a coffee shop and injured 20 more before he kills himself.
religion
- 1094 : The Autun Synod of Bishops excommunicated King Philip I of France for breaking two marriages . He was not divorced from his first wife Bertha von Holland , but had married the kidnapped, married Bertrada von Montfort in 1092 .
- 1529 : A convention begins in Schwabach , at the end of which on October 19 the Schwabach articles , which were conceived by Martin Luther and which become the basis for the Confessio Augustana , appear.
- 1555 : The English Protestant bishops Hugh Latimer and Nicholas Ridley are burned at the stake for heresy after Mary I ascends the throne .
- 1875 : Confessional Brigham Young University is established by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Provo , Utah . The German high school teacher Karl Gottfried Mäser becomes the first rector of the university .
- 1919 : The Sacré-Cœur de Montmartre Basilica , built since 1875, is consecrated.
- 1968 : In its landmark decision on the Aktion Rumpelkammer case , in which a commercial rag collector sued against the advertising of a campaign for used clothes by Catholic rural youth in church services, the German Federal Constitutional Court advocates a broad interpretation of religious freedom.
- 1978 : The Pole Karol Woityla is elected in the 8th ballot by the Conclave to succeed Pope John Paul I , who died on September 28, and takes the name John Paul II . He is the first non-Italian pope since Hadrian VI. († 1523 ).
Disasters
- 1780 : The Great Hurricane of 1780 , which began its migration across the Caribbean on October 10 , kills over 22,000 people and is therefore considered the worst Atlantic hurricane to date .
Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Catastrophe .
Sports
- 1968 : The athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos are expelled from the US team and the Olympic village after they were shown with the black power symbol, the clenched fist in black gloves, at the award ceremony of the 200m run of the Olympic Games had demonstrated politically.
- 1986 : The mountaineers Reinhold Messner and Hans Kammerlander reach the summit of Lhotse . Messner is the first alpinist to have climbed all fourteen eight-thousanders .
- 1987 : World boxing champion Mike Tyson , title holder of the WBC , WBA and IBF associations , defeats his challenger Tyrell Biggs , 1984 Olympic champion , by a technical knockout at the Convention Hall in Atlantic City .
Entries of athletics world records can be found under the respective discipline under athletics .
Born
Before the 18th century
- 1351 : Gian Galeazzo Visconti , Duke of Milan
- 1396 : William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk , English nobleman and military leader in the Hundred Years War
- 1430 : James II , King of Scotland
- 1456 : Ludmilla von Podiebrad , Duchess of Liegnitz and Brieg
- 1458 : Adolf von Anhalt-Zerbst , Catholic Bishop of Merseburg
- 1461 : Ruprecht von Pfalz-Simmern , Bishop of Regensburg
- 1483 : Gasparo Contarini , Italian cardinal
- 1485 : Adolf von Anhalt-Zerbst , German bishop
- 1524 : Nicolas de Lorraine, duc de Mercoeur , French nobleman
- 1527 : Johann Hermann , German medic
- 1552 : Johann Sötefleisch the Elder , German Lutheran theologian
- 1570 : Jakob Martini , German theologian and philosopher
- 1620 : Pierre Puget , French painter and sculptor
- 1648 : Johann Arnoldi , Stolberg Hofrat
- 1661 : Anton Ulrich , Duke of Württemberg-Neuenstadt
- 1678 : Anna Waser , Swiss painter and etcher (date of baptism)
- 1699 : Johann Gottfried Tympe , German oriental philologist and Protestant theologian
18th century
- 1706 : Giuseppe Appiani , Italian painter
- 1708 : Albrecht von Haller , Swiss poet and scholar
- 1711 : Andreas Hadik von Futak , Austrian imperial count and field marshal
- 1714 : Giovanni Arduino , Italian geologist
- 1717 : Johann Melchior Goeze , Protestant theologian
- 1720 : Johann Georg Sulzer , German philosopher
- 1721 : Johann Bücher , German Protestant theologian
- 1723 : Georg Heinrich Macheleid , German inventor of porcelain
- 1723 : Pascha Johann Friedrich Weitsch , German landscape painter and draftsman
- 1726 : Daniel Chodowiecki , German-Polish engraver, graphic artist and illustrator
- 1736 : Alexandre Angélique de Talleyrand-Périgord , French bishop and statesman
- 1739 : Wenzel Trnka von Krzowitz , Bohemian doctor and composer
- 1744 : Johann Friedrich Neidhart , German educator and school principal
- 1752 : Johann Gottfried Eichhorn , German orientalist and historian
- 1752 : Adolph Knigge , German writer
- 1758 : Johann Heinrich Dannecker , German sculptor
- 1758 : Noah Webster , American lexicographer, spelling reformer, publicist, translator, and writer
- 1760 : Jonathan Dayton , American politician
- 1762 : Christian Georg Wagner , German lawyer
- 1765 : Frédéric Duvernoy , French horn player, composer and music teacher
- 1767 : Amandus Augustus Abendroth , Hamburg Senator and Mayor
- 1777 : Johann Sebastian von Drey , German Roman Catholic theologian
- 1789 : William Burton , American politician
- 1790 : Valentin Rost , German classical philologist and lexicographer
- 1796 : Samuel G. Andrews , American politician
- 1796 : Karl Spindler , German novelist
- 1797 : Alfred von Auerswald , Prussian general landscape director and interior minister
- 1797 : James Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan , British general
19th century
1801-1850
- 1803 : Wendelin Haid , Catholic theologian and librarian
- 1803 : Robert Stephenson , British engineer
- 1806 : William P. Fessenden , American politician
- 1811 : Gaetano Capocci , Italian church musician, organist and composer
- 1812 : Maria von Mörl , South Tyrolean mystic
- 1813 : Wilhelm Schubert , Baden merchant and politician
- 1815 : Francis Lubbock , American politician
- 1816 : Friedrich Ludwig Arnsburg , German actor
- 1819 : Arnold Dietrich Schaefer , German historian
- 1821 : Johann Friedrich Dändliker , Swiss Pietist and Diakonie head
- 1821 : Franz Doppler , Hungarian composer
- 1827 : Arnold Böcklin , Swiss painter
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- 1831 : Karl Blasel , Austrian actor and theater director
- 1832 : Oskar Friedrich , German educator and author
- 1837 : Eduard Paulus , German archaeologist and art historian
- 1841 : Itō Hirobumi , Japanese Prime Minister
- 1843 : Johann Friedrich Ahlfeld , German gynecologist
- 1847 : Maria Pia of Savoy , Queen of Portugal and Princess of Italy
- 1849 : Alfred von Wierusz-Kowalski , Polish painter
- 1849 : Arnold Krug , German composer
1851-1900
- 1852 : Karl Ludwig Schemann , German writer, translator and race researcher
- 1854 : Karl Kautsky , German-Czech philosopher and politician
- 1854 : Oscar Wilde , Irish writer
- 1861 : Ernest Barberolle , French rower
- 1861 : John Bagnell Bury , Irish historian and philologist
- 1862 : Hans Georg Joachim Apel-Pusch , German officer
- 1863 : Austen Chamberlain , British politician, foreign minister and Nobel Peace Prize laureate
- 1868 : Franz von Epp , German professional soldier and politician
- 1874 : Otto Mueller , German painter
- 1876 : Ernst Articus , German lawyer and civil servant
- 1877 : Hugo Hardy , German tennis player and lawyer
- 1878 : Eugenio Canfari , Italian football official and entrepreneur
- 1878 : Maxie Long , American sprinter, Olympic champion
- 1879 : Eduard Hamm , German politician
- 1882 : Hermann Detzner , German officer and writer
- 1884 : Rembrandt Bugatti , Italian sculptor
- 1885 : Dorando Pietri , Italian marathon runner
- 1886 : Otto Arpke , German painter, illustrator and commercial artist
- 1886 : Raoul Maria Eduard Karl Aslan-Zumpart , Austrian-Greek actor
- 1886 : David Ben-Gurion , first Prime Minister of Israel
- 1886 : Gerhart Rodenwaldt , German archaeologist
- 1886 : Armin T. Wegner , German writer
- 1887 : Lily Hildebrandt , German painter and graphic artist
- 1888 : Eugene O'Neill , American playwright
- 1889 : Gottfried Kölwel , German poet, playwright and narrator
- 1889 : Reinhold Maier , German politician, first Minister-President of Baden-Württemberg
- 1890 : Michael Collins , Irish freedom fighter and politician
- 1890 : Maria Goretti , Italian martyr
- 1890 : Paul Strand , American photographer
- 1891 : René Dreux , French racing car driver
- 1893 : Gertrude Sandmann , German artist
- 1894 : Francisco Casabona , Brazilian composer
- 1895 : Francis Edward Faragoh , American screenwriter
- 1900 : Eileen Law , Canadian singer and music educator
20th century
1901-1925
- 1901 : Fritz von Ameln , German politician
- 1901 : Federico Munerati , Italian football player and coach
- 1902 : Erich Klausnitzer , German writer
- 1902 : Robert Scholz , Austrian-American pianist, composer, conductor and music teacher
- 1903 : Big Joe Williams , American musician
- 1905 : Ernst Kuzorra , German football player
- 1905 : Jadwiga Szubartowicz , Polish supercentenarian
- 1906 : Dino Buzzati , Italian writer and journalist
- 1906 : León Klimovsky , Argentine director and screenwriter
- 1907 : Lili Werner-Rizzolli , German operetta singer and actress
- 1908 : Robert Ardrey , American playwright, screenwriter, and anthropologist
- 1908 : Enver Hoxha , Albanian politician
- 1908 : Zbigniew Turski , Polish composer and conductor
- 1909 : Walter Kremser , German forest scientist
- 1910 : Herbert Andert , German dialect poet and researcher
- 1912 : Vic Abens , Luxembourg resistance fighter and politician
- 1912 : Clifford P. Hansen , American politician
- 1912 : Lotti Huber , German artist
- 1912 : Ludwig Schwarzer , Austrian painter
- 1913 : Cesar Bresgen , Austrian composer
- 1915 : Warren M. Anderson , American politician
- 1915 : Nancy Bird-Walton , Australian aviation pioneer
- 1916 : Werner Buxa , German officer and author
- 1916 : Pierre Meyrat , French racing car driver
- 1917 : Doug McMahon , Canadian soccer player
- 1918 : Louis Althusser , French philosopher
- 1918 : Tony Rolt , British racing car driver
- 1920 : Elisabeth Müller-Luckmann , German psychologist
- 1921 : Esteban Servellón , Salvadoran composer, musician, conductor and music teacher
- 1923 : Linda Darnell , American actress
- 1923 : Bert Kaempfert , German orchestra leader, music producer, arranger and composer
- 1925 : Angela Lansbury , British actress
1926-1950
- 1927 : Günter Grass , German writer, sculptor, painter and graphic artist, Nobel Prize winner
- 1927 : Rudolf Morsey , German historian
- 1928 : Mary Daly , American theologian and feminist
- 1928 : Ann Guilbert , American actress
- 1929 : Ivor Allchurch , Welsh football player
- 1929 : Nicholas von Hoffman , American journalist, author and columnist
- 1929 : Fernanda Montenegro , Brazilian actress
- 1931 : Charles Colson , American lawyer, adviser to Richard Nixon
- 1931 : Salvador , Brazilian soccer player
- 1931 : Hans Friderichs , German politician and manager, Federal Minister
- 1932 : Ben Aronov , American jazz pianist
- 1932 : Karl Otwin Becker , German economist and mathematician
- 1932 : Guðbergur Bergsson , Icelandic writer
- 1932 : Detlev Karsten Rohwedder , German manager and politician, head of the Treuhandanstalt
- 1933 : Günther Jahn , German painter
- 1934 : Peter Ashdown , British racing car driver
- 1934 : Dave Heinz , American racing car driver
- 1935 : Klaus Jakobi , German football player
- 1935 : Sugar Pie DeSanto , American blues and R&B singer
- 1935 : Frederick Tiedt , Irish boxer
- 1936 : Klaus Ernst , German sociologist, university professor and diplomat
- 1936 : Gerardo Gandini , Argentine composer
- 1937 : Joe Castellano , American medic and racing car driver
- 1937 : Tony Anthony , American actor
- 1937 : John Whitmore , British racing car driver, consultant and non-fiction author
- 1938 : Nico , German singer
- 1939 : Amancio Amaro Varela , Spanish football player and coach
- 1939 : Gladys Asmah , Ghanaian politician
- 1939 : Nico Haak , Dutch pop singer and entertainer
- 1939 : Albrecht Lehmann , German folklorist and narrative researcher
- 1939 : Gerold Späth , Swiss author
- 1940 : Joseph William Ashy , American general
- 1940 : Barry Corbin , American actor
- 1941 : Claude Savard , Canadian pianist and music teacher
- 1941 : Simon Ward , British actor
- 1942 : Olivier Anders , German military
- 1942 : Cholo Brenes , Dominican music promoter, lawyer, political scientist, sociologist and columnist
- 1942 : Annette Zwahr , German historian
- 1945 : DD Lewis , American football player
- 1946 : Palle Danielsson , Swedish jazz bassist
- 1946 : Roger Dubos , French racing car driver
- 1946 : Wolfgang Rübsam , German-American organist and music teacher
- 1946 : Suzanne Somers , American actress
- 1947 : Terry Griffiths , Welsh snooker player
- 1947 : Thokozile Masipa , South African lawyer
- 1947 : Bob Weir , American musician and singer ( Grateful Dead )
- 1947 : David Zucker , American director and screenwriter
- 1948 : Günther Rüther , German political scientist
- 1948 : Angelika Zöllner , German writer
- 1949 : Ásta Ragnheiður Jóhannesdóttir , Icelandic politician
1951-1975
- 1952 : Ray Anderson , American jazz trombonist
- 1953 : Dietrich Adam , German actor
- 1953 : Paulo Roberto Falcão , Brazilian soccer player
- 1953 : Tony Carey , American rock musician
- 1954 : Tim Berne , American alto saxophonist
- 1954 : Corinna Harfouch , German actress
- 1954 : Volker Schimpff , German editor and politician
- 1956 : Marin Alsop , American conductor
- 1956 : Elisabeth Edl , Austrian translator
- 1957 : Sabine John , German athlete
- 1958 : Mike Muuss , American scientist, author of the Ping network program
- 1958 : Tim Robbins , American actor
- 1959 : Sven-Georg Adenauer , German politician
- 1959 : John Whittingdale , British politician
- 1960 : Bob Mold , American singer, songwriter and guitarist
- 1960 : Petra Pfaff , German athlete
- 1961 : Wilma Delissen-van Tongerlo , Dutch politician
- 1961 : Gene Jackson , American jazz musician
- 1961 : Isis Krüger , German theater, film and television actress
- 1962 : Michael Balzary , American bassist ( Red Hot Chili Peppers )
- 1962 : Marieta Ilcu , Romanian long jumper
- 1962 : Christian Stolte , American actor
- 1963 : Peter Hermann , Liechtenstein cyclist
- 1963 : Thomas König , German handball player and trainer
- 1966 : Andreas Hill , German soccer player
- 1966 : Stefan Reuter , German soccer player
- 1968 : Silvia Arber , Swiss neurobiologist
- 1969 : Bettina Cramer , German television presenter, film producer and author
- 1970 : Claudio David Arzeno , Argentine soccer player
- 1970 : Mehmet Scholl , German soccer player
- 1971 : Michael von der Heide , Swiss singer
- 1972 : Tomasz Hajto , Polish football player
- 1972 : Sebastián Modarelli , Argentine composer and organist
- 1973 : Andy Gätjen , American-German actor
- 1973 : Philipp Hochmair , Austrian actor
- 1974 : Aurela Gaçe , Albanian singer
- 1974 : Paul Kariya , Canadian ice hockey player
- 1975 : Kellie Martin , American actress and director
1976-2000
- 1976 : Nándor Fazekas , Hungarian handball player
- 1977 : John Mayer , American musician and songwriter
- 1977 : Björn Otto , German athlete
- 1979 : Kelly Adams , British actress
- 1980 : Laura Nativo , American actress
- 1980 : Trine Nielsen , Danish handball player
- 1980 : Sérgio da Silva Pinto , German-Portuguese soccer player
- 1980 : Ozan Ünal , German radio play and voice actor
- 1980 : Jan Wilke , German composer and choir director
- 1981 : Aygül Berîvan Aslan , Austrian political scientist, lawyer and politician
- 1982 : Ildar Fatkullin , Russian ski jumper
- 1982 : Jeremias Rose , German handball player
- 1982 : Pasi Schwalger , Samoan football player
- 1982 : David Solga , German soccer player
- 1983 : John Afoa , New Zealand rugby player
- 1983 : Cristian Ianu , Romanian football player
- 1983 : Philipp Kohlschreiber , German tennis player
- 1983 : Loreen , Swedish singer
- 1983 : Michèle Mani , Cameroonian football player
- 1983 : Rémi Ochlik , French photographer
- 1984 : Armend Dallku , Albanian football player
- 1984 : Roberto Hilbert , German soccer player
- 1985 : Johannes Clair , German author
- 1985 : Verena Sailer , German sprinter
- 1985 : Manuel Späth , German handball player
- 1985 : Casey Stoner , Australian motorcycle racer
- 1986 : Inna , Romanian dance singer
- 1988 : Tumua Anae , American water polo player
- 1988 : Zoltán Stieber , Hungarian football player
- 1989 : Dan Biggar , Welsh rugby player
- 1989 : Stefanie Draws , German soccer player
- 1990 : Weni Anggraini , Indonesian badminton player
- 1990 : Jóhanna Guðrún Jónsdóttir , Icelandic singer
- 1991 : Tiffany Cameron , Canadian soccer player
- 1991 : John and Edward Grimes , Irish music duo
- 1991 : Kevin Pannewitz , German soccer player
- 1991 : Roko Peribonio , Croatian handball player
- 1992 : Viktorija Golubic , Swiss tennis player
- 1992 : Lukáš Šembera , Czech motorcycle racer
- 1993 : Tanja Padutsch , German handball player
- 1995 : Dinah Eckerle , German handball player
- 1995 : Greta Small , Australian ski racer
- 1997 : Charles Leclerc , Monaco racing car driver
- 1997 : Naomi Osaka , Japanese tennis player
- 1998 : Jan Hörl , Austrian ski jumper
- 1998 : Martin Ludwig , German soccer player
- 1999 : Nicolò Bulega , Italian motorcycle racer
- 1999 : Lyubov Dolgaja , Russian billiards player
Died
Before the 16th century
- 640 : St. Gallus , wandering monk and missionary, legendary founder of St. Gallen
- 786 : Lullus of Mainz , Catholic saint, first Archbishop of Mainz
- 839 : Heriburg von Nottuln , abbess
- 955 : Stoignew , Elbe Slavic prince
- 1071 : Almodis de la Marche , Countess of Barcelona
- 1129 : Gerhard III. von Wassenberg , Count of Wassenberg
- 1130 : Pedro González de Lara , Castilian nobleman
- 1137 : Adalbero III. , Bishop of Basel
- 1190 : Ludwig III. , Landgrave of Thuringia and participant in the Third Crusade
- 1209 : Ermengol VIII. , Count of Urgell
- 1221 : Friedrich II. Of Brehna and Wettin , Count of Brehna, Burgrave of Wettin
- 1239 : Přemysl , Margrave of Moravia
- 1251 : Volkard von Neuburg , Bishop of Chur
- 1308 : Otto III. von Rietberg , Bishop of Munster
- 1323 : Amadeus V , Count of Savoy
- 1333 : Nicholas V , Italian antipope in Rome
- 1348 : Luitgard von Wittichen , German mystic and founder of a monastery
- 1355 : Ludwig , King of Sicily
- 1381 : Withego II. Hildbrandi , Bishop of Naumburg
- 1396 : Agnolo Gaddi , Italian painter
- 1410 : Giovanni Migliorati , Cardinal of the Catholic Church
- 1422 : Johann IV. , Duke of Mecklenburg
- 1426 : Hynek Boček of Podebrady , Bohemian-Moravian nobleman
- 1438 : Anne , Countess of Northampton
- 1439 : Ambrož Hradecký , Czech priest, preacher and politician
16th to 18th century
- 1507 : Johann von Riedheim , Prince Abbot of Kempten
- 1523 : Luca Signorelli , Italian painter
- 1528 : Hernando Alonso , Spanish-Marran explorer and first victim of the Inquisition in Mexico
- 1532 : Gottschalck Lunte , mayor of Lübeck
- 1537 : Françoise de Foix , French nobleman and mistress of the French King Francis I.
- 1540 : Balthasar von Esens , East Frisian chief
- 1553 : Lucas Cranach the Elder , German painter
- 1555 : Hugh Latimer , English theologian and reformer
- 1555 : Nicholas Ridley , Bishop of the Anglican Church
- 1588 : Joachim Lüneburg , mayor of Lübeck
- 1590 : Anna , Duchess of Bavaria
- 1591 : Gregory XIV , Pope
- 1594 : William Allen , English cardinal
- 1621 : Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck , Dutch organist and composer
- 1628 : François de Malherbe , French poet and literary theorist
- 1632 : Anna von Jülich-Kleve-Berg , Countess Palatine near the Rhine in Neuburg
- 1638 : Jacob Isaacsz van Swanenburgh , Dutch painter
- 1679 : Roger Boyle, 1st Earl of Orrery , English statesman and writer
- 1680 : Raimund von Montecuccoli , Austrian general, diplomat and statesman
- 1692 : Christian Albrecht , Margrave of the Franconian Principality of Ansbach
- 1721 : Johann Bücher , German Protestant theologian
- 1729 : Johann Heinrich Ernesti , German pedagogue, rector of the Thomas School in Leipzig
- 1733 : Thomas Haresleben , Austrian master stonemason and sculptor, master builder of St. Stephen's cathedral, head of the Viennese building works
- 1748 : Franz Joachim Beich , German painter
- 1750 : Silvius Leopold Weiss , German lutenist and composer
- 1755 : Hans Moritz von Brühl , Real Privy Councilor, General of the Cavalry and Governor of the Deutschordensballei Thuringia
- 1755 : Gerhard Majella , Italian Catholic saint, lay brother and mystic
- 1767 : Nikita Jurjewitsch Trubezkoi , Russian statesman, General Procurator and Field Marshal
- 1772 : Ahmad Shah Durrani , founder of the Durrani state in what is now Afghanistan
- 1789 : George Christoph von Arnim , German officer
- 1791 : Grigory Potjomkin , Russian field marshal
- 1793 : Marie Antoinette , queen of France
- 1793 : John Hunter , British anatomist, founder of scientific surgery
- 1795 : Joseph Le Bon , French revolutionary
- 1796 : Viktor Amadeus III. , King of Sardinia-Piedmont and Duke of Savoy
19th century
- 1807 : Johann Joseph Thalherr , Austrian architect
- 1810 : Rabbi Nachman , Hasidic rabbi
- 1810 : Christoph Daniel Prätorius , German lawyer and educator
- 1814 : José Antonio Caro de Boesi , Venezuelan (Italian) composer
- 1814 : Juan José Landaeta , Venezuelan (Italian) composer
- 1828 : Johann Wilhelm Bartsch , German educator, polymath and landowner
- 1828 : Johann Adolf Engels , German entrepreneur
- 1831 : Angelo Agnoletto , Italian theologian
- 1833 : Ildefons von Arx , Swiss monk and historian
- 1837 : Archibald Austin , American politician
- 1862 : George Burgwyn Anderson , American general
- 1873 : Frederik Due , Norwegian officer and minister of state
- 1877 : Théodore Barrière , French playwright
- 1879 : Sergei Michailowitsch Solowjow , Russian historian
- 1880 : Edouard Wolff , Polish pianist and composer
- 1885 : Hugh Rose, 1st Baron Strathnairn , British Field Marshal
- 1898 : Louis Gallet , French librettist and writer
20th century
1901-1950
- 1909 : Jakub Bart-Ćišinski , Sorbian poet
- 1914 : John Murray , British oceanographer
- 1917 : Walter Flex , German poet
- 1920 : Caesar Flaischlen , German lyric poet and dialect poet
- 1920 : Alberto Nepomuceno , Brazilian composer
- 1925 : Christian Krohg , Norwegian painter
- 1929 : Frank Van der Stucken , American composer and conductor
- 1931 : William Oscar Atkeson , American politician
- 1933 : Maurice Renaud , French singer
- 1938 : Noma Seiji , Japanese publisher
- 1939 : Stephan Freiherr Sarkotić von Lovćen , Colonel General of the Austro-Hungarian Army, Military Governor of Bosnia and Herzegovina
- 1941 : Arthur Kronfeld , German psychiatrist
- 1944 : Maximilian Adler , Czech classical philologist and university professor
- 1945 : Franz Winkler , Austrian politician
- 1945 : Berta Zuckerkandl-Szeps , Austrian writer and journalist
- 1946 : Hans Frank , German lawyer and Nazi functionary, war criminal
- 1946 : Wilhelm Frick , German lawyer and politician, war criminal
- 1946 : Alfred Jodl , German Army Officer, Colonel General, Chief of Staff of the Army, war criminal
- 1946 : Ernst Kaltenbrunner , Austrian officer, war criminal
- 1946 : Wilhelm Keitel , German Field Marshal General, Chief of the Wehrmacht High Command, war criminal
- 1946 : Joachim von Ribbentrop , German Nazi politician, Reich Minister for Foreign Affairs, war criminal
- 1946 : Alfred Rosenberg , Nazi chief ideologist, war criminal
- 1946 : Fritz Sauckel , German politician under National Socialism, plenipotentiary for labor, war criminal
- 1946 : Arthur Seyss-Inquart , Austrian politician, war criminal
- 1946 : Julius Streicher , German politician and propagandist, owner and publisher of the propaganda paper Der Stürmer , war criminal
- 1947 : Viktor Graf von Attems-Heiligenkreuz , Austrian President of the Maritime Authority in Trieste
- 1947 : João Pernambuco , Brazilian guitarist and composer
- 1947 : Gitz Rice , Canadian singer, pianist, composer and entertainer
- 1947 : Balys Sruoga , Lithuanian poet, playwright, critic and literary scholar
1951-2000
- 1954 : Takashi Akiba , Japanese sociologist
- 1954 : Friedrich Wilhelm Lübke , German politician
- 1956 : Jules Rimet , French football official
- 1957 : Ralph Benatzky , Austrian composer
- 1959 : George Catlett Marshall , American general and politician, Nobel Prize winner
- 1967 : Friedrich Gogarten , German theologian
- 1967 : Aimé Vassiaux , French racing car driver
- 1968 : Walter Friedrich , German biophysicist
- 1968 : Freddie Frinton , British actor ( Dinner for One )
- 1969 : Billy Munro , American-Canadian pianist and composer
- 1972 : Leo G. Carroll , English actor
- 1972 : Henri Stoffel , French racing car driver
- 1973 : Josef Aust , German politician
- 1973 : Gene Krupa , American jazz drummer
- 1975 : Hugh Adcock , British football player
- 1975 : Don Barclay , American actor
- 1975 : Johan Goslings , Dutch medic
- 1977 : Jürgen Schumann , German pilot
- 1978 : Alexander Spoerl , German writer
- 1981 : Moshe Dayan , Israeli general
- 1982 : Jakov Gotovac , Croatian composer
- 1982 : Mario del Monaco , Italian opera singer
- 1983 : Øivin Fjeldstad , Norwegian composer and conductor
- 1983 : Willy Ritschard , Swiss politician
- 1986 : Arthur Grumiaux , Belgian violinist
- 1986 : Sandro Puppo , Italian football player and coach
- 1987 : Joseph Höffner , German Cardinal and Archbishop of Cologne
- 1989 : Walter Farley , American writer
- 1989 : Cornel Wilde , American actor and film director
- 1990 : Art Blakey , American jazz drummer
- 1991 : Arthur E. Arling , American cameraman
- 1991 : Giacomo Mari , Italian football player and coach
- 1993 : Sylvère Caffot , French composer
- 1993 : Flora Nwapa , Nigerian writer
- 1996 : Eric Malpass , British writer
- 1997 : James A. Michener , American writer
21st century
- 2002 : Karl-Heinz Kreienbaum , German actor
- 2003 : Stu Hart , Canadian wrestler
- 2003 : László Papp , Hungarian boxer
- 2004 : Burk Mertens , German radio presenter
- 2004 : Pierre Salinger , press spokesman for US President John F. Kennedy
- 2004 : Mario Santi , Swiss sports presenter
- 2005 : Josef Bössner , Austrian track athlete
- 2006 : Niall Mac Aindriú , Irish politician
- 2006 : Thet Win Aung , Burmese dissident
- 2007 : Ulrich Heinrich , member of the German Bundestag
- 2007 : Deborah Kerr , British actress
- 2007 : Rosalio José Castillo Lara , Venezuelan religious, cardinal to the curia
- 2007 : Toše Proeski , Macedonian singer
- 2008 : Bob Johnson , American racing car driver
- 2011 : Dan Wheldon , British racing driver
- 2012 : John A. Durkin , American politician
- 2012 : Simon Phillips , British racing car driver
- 2012 : Herbert Wochinz , Austrian theater director and director
- 2013 : Ed Lauter , American actor
- 2015 : Mario Scheuermann , German journalist and wine critic
- 2016 : Arsen Sergeevich Pavlov , Russian militia leader
- 2016 : Hugo Romani , Argentine singer
- 2017 : Roy Dotrice , British actor
- 2018 : Berthold Leibinger , German entrepreneur and founder
- 2018 : Wilfried Scharnagl , German journalist and party official
- 2019 : Bernard Fisher , American medic
Holidays and memorial days
- Church memorial days
- St. Gallus , missionary, monk and patron saint (Protestant, Catholic, Orthodox)
- St. Hedwig von Andechs , Duchess of Silesia (Catholic, Protestant memorial day is October 15 )
- St. Marguerite-Marie Alacoque , French mystic and religious sister (Catholic)
- Name days
- Anniversaries of international organizations
- World Food Day ( UN ) (since 1979)
The list of commemorative and action days contains further entries .
Commons : October 16th - Collection of images, videos and audio files
