Mikhail Wassiljewitsch Butaschewitsch-Petraschewski
Mikhail Petrashevsky ( Russian Михаил Васильевич Буташевич-Петрашевский ; born November 1, jul. / 13. November 1821 greg. In Saint Petersburg , † December 7 . Jul / 19th December 1866 . Greg in Belskoje, yeniseysk governorate ) was a Russian thinker and founder of the Petrashevzen Circle .
Petraschewski graduated from the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum (1839) and St. Petersburg State University (1841). He worked as an interpreter for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He became known for the articles he had written for the Pocket Foreign Dictionary (1846). These articles popularized the democratic and materialist ideas and principles of utopian socialism . From 1844 on, his apartment became a meeting place for a number of intellectuals, for whom the extensive library with forbidden books in all languages from Western Europe was an attraction. In this way a circle was created, which was named as Petraschewzen. As a follower of Charles Fourier Petrashevsky defended the democratization of Russia and the liberation of the peasants from serfdom. In 1848 he tried to found an underground organization to carry out a long revolutionary struggle among the masses. Leading young intellectuals met in the Petraschewski circle. a. Dostoyevsky , Miljukoff, Miljutin, Durow, Pleschtschejew , Semjonow between the ages of 19 and 27. Of a total of 34 suspects arrested on April 23, 1849, 14 were sentenced to death by shooting.
The execution was called off at the last minute . Petraschewski's sentence was changed to forced labor and lifelong banishment; he was sent to Eastern Siberia the same day . In 1856 his sentence was waived. He refused the "grace", demanded the resumption of his case without result and settled in Irkutsk , where in 1860 he published a newspaper called Amur .
Individual evidence
- ^ Joseph Frank: Dostoevsky . The Seeds of Revolt 1821-1849. Princeton University Press, 1977, ISBN 0-86051-015-8 , pp. 243 .
- ^ NN: Dostoevsky . Records from a dead house. Piper, Munich 1964, p. 842 .
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| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Butaschewitsch-Petraschewski, Michail Wassiljewitsch |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Петрашевский, Михаил Васильевич (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian thinker and the founder of the Petrashevzen Circle |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 13, 1821 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | St. Petersburg |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 19, 1866 |
| Place of death | Yeniseisk Governorate |