Moritz Borchardt

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Moritz Borchardt (born January 6, 1868 in Berlin , † January 6, 1948 in Buenos Aires ) was a German surgeon .

Live and act

Berlin memorial plaque on the house, Turmstrasse 21, in Berlin-Moabit

Moritz Borchardt was born on January 6, 1868 into a merchant family that had lived in Berlin since the 17th century . The Borchardts were among those 50 Viennese Jewish families who were allowed to settle in Brandenburg from May 21, 1671 .

Moritz Borchardt studied medicine in Zurich , Berlin , Leipzig and Heidelberg . He then worked as an assistant at the Berlin Urban Hospital with the internist Albert Fraenkel and with the surgeon Werner Körte . He completed his surgical training with Ernst von Bergmann at the Berlin University Clinic. After completing his habilitation in 1901 and being appointed associate professor in 1905 , he became head of surgery at the Rudolf Virchow Hospital in Berlin in 1906 . During and after the First World War , Borchardt dealt with the orthopedic-surgical rehabilitation of war invalids . He developed a number of replacement links and work aids for those affected. He was appointed privy councilor by Kaiser Wilhelm .

Moritz Borchardt headed the surgical department at the Moabit Hospital from 1919 to 1933 . In 1920 this department of the Moabiter hospital was recognized as III. University surgical clinic.

  • He was the first to operate successfully on a cerebellar bridge angle tumor .
  • He developed an instrument for opening the skullcap during brain operations, the "Borchard's cutter", which was the basis for all modern trephination devices.
  • Associated with his name is a device for applying bandages to the trunk, the so-called “Borchardt's pelvic bench”.
  • Together with the engineer Paul Eimler, he designed devices and instruments for extremity surgery.
  • In 1922 he and Georg Klemperer were called to Moscow to remove a bullet from Lenin's neck that had been fired during an assassination attempt at him in 1918.
  • The President of the Reichstag, Paul Löbe , had Borchardt operate his appendix in 1927 .

In 1933 Moritz Borchardt was discharged from the Moabit hospital along with other Jewish doctors. At first he continued to work in the Ungerschen private clinic and after its closure in 1936 he himself ran a private clinic on Nassauische Strasse in Berlin. After the coercive measures against him had become unbearable, he managed to escape to Brazil in 1939. He died on his 80th birthday in Buenos Aires (Argentina).

An application by his son-in-law Adolf Kurtz to the Berlin Senate on September 5, 1967, to rename Dörnbergstrasse, where Borchardt had lived, to Moritz-Borchardt-Strasse, was ignored. On October 21, 1980 the street was sold to the Gemeinnützige Deutsche Wohnungsbaugesellschaft mbH and deleted in the street directory on December 5, 1980.

Honors

Works

  • Surgery of the extremities. 4th revised edition. Enke, Stuttgart 1914
  • Brain and nerve shots, especially late surgery. Laupp, Tübingen 1916
  • Together with Konrad Hartmann, Hermann Leymann, Richard Radike, Georg Schlesinger and Heinrich Schwiening. Replacement members and work aids for war victims and those injured in accidents. Springer, Berlin 1919, Springer / limited preview
  • Together with P. Drevermann and Paul Friedrich Reichel . Practical Surgery Manual. Vol. 6. Lower Limb Surgery . 5th revised edition. Leipzig 1923. 6th revised edition. Leipzig 1926
  • The current state of bone fracture treatment. (Booklets on trauma medicine. Booklet 11.) FCW Vogel, Berlin 1932

literature

  • Reichs Handbuch der Deutschen Gesellschaft - The handbook of personalities in words and pictures . First volume. Deutscher Wirtschaftsverlag, Berlin 1930, ISBN 3-598-30664-4 .
  • Christian Pross , Rolf Winau (Ed.): Don't abuse. Moabit Hospital. 1920-1933: A center for Jewish doctors in Berlin. 1933–1945: persecution • resistance • destruction. Published on behalf of the Berlin Society for the History of Medicine (= sites of the history of Berlin. Volume 5). Edition Hentich published by Frölich und Kaufmann Verlag, Berlin 1984, ISBN 3-88725-109-1 , pp. 152–158.
  • Hartmut Collmann , Daniel Dubinski: Moritz Borchardt (1868–1948). In: Ulrike Eisenberg, Hartmut Collmann, Daniel Dubinski: betrayed - expelled - forgotten. The work and fate of German brain surgeons persecuted after 1933. Hentrich & Hentrich, Berlin 2017, ISBN 978-3-95565-142-8 , pp. 33-64.

Web links

Commons : Moritz Borchardt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ For example: Method of and apparatus for connecting the parts of fractured bones with each other. Digitized patent US 1717766 A
  2. ↑ Dörnbergstrasse . In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein
  3. ↑ On the history of the Association of Northwest German Surgeons, 125th conference, 12. – 14. June 1980 , p. 24.
personal data
SURNAME Borchardt, Moritz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German surgeon
DATE OF BIRTH January 6, 1868
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH January 6, 1948
Place of death Buenos Aires