Morris-Jumel Mansion
| Morris-Jumel Mansion | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| National Register of Historic Places | |||
| National Historic Landmark | |||
 Morris-Jumel Mansion |
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| location | Washington Heights , New York City | ||
| Coordinates | 40 ° 50 ′ 4 ″ N , 73 ° 56 ′ 19 ″ W | ||
| Built | 1765 | ||
| Architectural style | Palladianism | ||
| NRHP number | 66000545 | ||
| Data | |||
| The NRHP added | October 15, 1966 | ||
| Declared as an NHL | January 20, 1961 | ||
The Morris-Jumel Mansion is a historic building in Washington Heights , New York City that served as George Washington's headquarters for a few weeks in 1776 during the American Revolutionary War. The building has been a National Historic Landmark since 1961 .
architecture
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Morris-Jumel Mansion is now the oldest surviving detached house in Manhattan . It is located between West 160th Street and West 162nd Street on Highbridge Park . Morris-Jumel Mansion is shaped by the architectural style of Palladianism and stands on elevated terrain so that the Harlem River , the Bronx , the Long Island Sound and the Hudson River can be seen from here. From 1890 to 1968, the Polo Grounds , which had been the home of the New York Giants for 74 years , were in sight . The rear of the house is extended by a two-story high annex that contains an octagonal room. This is one of the earliest structures of this type in North America. The original stove and oven have been preserved in the kitchen. In Madame Jumel's bedroom there is Empire furniture that she and her husband had brought back from France. The room that housed George Washington is decorated in the style of the late 18th century.
Overall, the interior of the house is characterized by the Georgian architectural style. The central hall extends from the entrance in the south to the octagonal rear room. To the west are the reception room and the library. To the east is the dining room to which the stairwell adjoins. The floor above has a similar floor plan and houses the bedrooms. On the second floor there are four guest rooms, each with a skylight. In the basement there was a kitchen and accommodation for the slaves.
history
The house was built in 1765 by an unknown architect for the British Army officer Roger Morris, who was married to a wealthy American. It was first named Mount Morris and was set on 150 acres . From September 14 to October 20, 1776, shortly after the Battle of Pell's Point , Morris-Jumel Mansion was the headquarters of George Washington. The house served as an important landmark during the Battle of Harlem Heights . After the withdrawal of the Continental Army from Manhattan it became the headquarters of the British General Henry Clinton and the commander of the Hessian troops, General Wilhelm zu Innhausen and Knyphausen . On July 10, 1790, Washington returned to the Morris-Jumel Mansion for an evening to dine with his cabinet , which included Alexander Hamilton, John Adams, Henry Knox and Thomas Jefferson.
In 1810 the French wine merchant Stephen Jumel, who had fled Haiti, and his wife Eliza bought the property. They were followers of Napoleon and regularly commuted between the United States and France, from where they brought furniture to the Morris-Jumel Mansion. In 1832, after Stephen Jumel's death, inheritance made his widow one of the richest women in the country. On July 1, 1833, she married former Vice President Aaron Burr in the reception room of the house; after only four months they separated, so that Burr lived only a short time in the property. The divorce became final on September 14, 1836, and Burr died that same day. Eliza Jumel lived in Morris-Jumel Mansion until her death in 1865. In 1895 General Ferdinand P. Earle bought the property and sold it to the City of New York in 1903. In 1904 Washington's Headquarters Association, founded by four local chapters of the Daughters of the American Revolution patriotic women's association , began setting up a history museum. In 1976 Queen Elizabeth II visited the Jumel Mansion as part of her stay in the USA for the 200th anniversary of the declaration of independence because of its great historical importance.
On January 20, 1961, Morris-Jumel Mansion was a National Historic Landmark and on October 15, 1966 it was added to the National Register of Historic Places . Today it is owned by the Morris-Jumel Mansion Incorporated Foundation as a historical museum and is open to the public.
Web links
- Morris-Jumel Mansion. In: Official website of the museum. Retrieved October 19, 2011 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Unless otherwise stated, the information is based on Morris-Jumel Mansion. In: Museum website. Retrieved October 19, 2011 .
- ↑ John Seabrook: Peekers. In: The New Yorker . October 11, 2010, accessed October 24, 2011 .
- ^ A b Richard Greenwood, Landmark Review Task Force: Morris-Jumel Mansion. (PDF) In: National Register of Historic Places Inventory: Nomination Form. National Park Service , November 8, 1975, accessed October 25, 2011 (PDF 328 KB).
- ↑ a b Morris-Jumel Mansion. (No longer available online.) In: National Historic Landmarks Program (NHL). National Park Service, archived from the original on February 19, 2012 ; accessed on October 19, 2011 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Nancy Isenberg : Fallen Founder. The Life of Aaron Burr . Viking, New York 2007, pp. 400-405.
- ↑ Listing of National Historic Landmarks by State: New York. National Park Service , accessed November 23, 2019.
- ^ Morris-Jumel Mansion in the National Register Information System. National Park Service , accessed November 23, 2019.
