Musa Cliffortiana
Musa Cliffortiana is the title of a work by Carl von Linné in which he dealt extensively with the banana . It is the first monograph on a genus of plants .
plant
The first and only edition appeared in 1736 under the full title Musa Cliffortiana florens Hartecampi 1736 prope Harlemum in Leiden . A review of the work by Johann Ernst Hebenstreit appeared in Acta eruditorum in 1737 .
History of origin
George Clifford met Carl von Linné in the house of Johannes Burman . Together with Burman, Linné visited Clifford in Hartekamp on August 13, 1735 . Clifford was very impressed by the young Linnaeus. He hired him as his personal doctor and entrusted him with the care and cataloging of his extensive collection. Linnaeus began his work at Hartekamp on September 24, 1735.
Among the four warm houses of Clifford there was also a so-called pisang , which was specially used to care for Musa × paradisiaca . Up until now no one in Holland had succeeded in making the banana bloom and ripening fruit . Within four months of his arrival, Linné succeeded in doing this with the help of the gardener Dietrich Nietzel , who came from Germany . To do this, he planted the banana plant in very nutritious soil, stopped watering the plant for several weeks and then imitated the heavy downpours of tropical storms .
To publish his results he wrote Musa Cliffortiana .
content
The quarto consists of 46 pages with two tables. After the dedication , it is introduced by a poem with ten verses by Hendrik Snakenburg (1674–1750).
In the first chapter, Linnaeus first dealt with the origin of the Arabic name Musa , gave a number of trivial names and explained his reassignment of the generic name to Antonius Musa . In Chapter II. He examined the taxonomic position of the genus Musa in relation to similar genera such as the palms . There follows a detailed description of the genus (Chapter III.) And the known species (Chapter IV.). He also described the geographical distribution (Chapter V.) and the possible uses (Chapter VI.) Of the banana. He also wondered whether the banana plant might be the biblical tree of knowledge .
Musa Cliffortiana does not have an actual table of contents. For better orientation, the subdivision of the work is shown below:
contents
- Introductio
- I. nouns
- 1. Noun selectum
- 2. Synonyma Systematicorum omnia
- 3. Synonyma Authorum veterum & recentior
- 4. Noun vernaculum
- 5. Nomina variarum Gentium
- 6. Etymologiae nominum genericorum
- II. Theoretica
- 7. Classes & ordines in variis systematibus
- 8. Genera ad quae a Systematicis relata fruit
- III. genus
- 9. Gender
- 10. Characteres essentiales
- 11. Characteres artificales
- 12. Hallucinatones Authorum about genus
- 13. Genus naturale demonstratur
- 14. Noun genericum demonstratur
- IV. Species
- 15. Descripto subjecti secundum partes plantae
- 16. Species generis enumerantur
- 17. Differentias inter speciem propositam exhibit
- 18. Differentiae rejiciuntur
- 19. Ratio cur differentia non componitur
- 20. Variationes Speciei
- 21. Variatio sub sua specie redigitur
- V. Attributes
- 22. Locis natalis, regio, provincia
- 23. Locis natalis latitudo & longitudo
- 24. Locis natalis clima, solum
- 25. Tempus florendi
- 26. Mores & probrietates
- 27. Observationes Anatomicae & Microscopiae
- VI. Usus
- 28. Usus oeconomicus
- 29. Usus diaeticus
- 30. Usus physicus
- 31. Usus chemicus
- 32. Usus medicus
- VII. Litteraria
- 33. Inventor
- 34. Historicae traditiones
- 35. Superstitosa & vana
pads
- 1st edition, Leiden, 1737, 4th
proof
literature
- Wilfrid Blunt : The Compleat Naturalist: A Life of Linnaeus . 2001, pp. 185-197. ISBN 0711218412
Notes and individual references
- ↑ The dedication is dated February 20, 1736.
- ^ [Johann Ernst Hebenstreit]: In: Acta eruditorum . Volume 3, Number 3, pp. 117-119, online
- ↑ This was already successful in Vienna in 1731 , in Karlsruhe in 1732 and in Leipzig in 1733 (see Musa Cliffortiana, p. 31)
- ↑ The name is first mentioned by Andrea Cesalpino in De plantis libri XVI from 1583 on p. 82 online