Neschwitz

Basic data
State :	Saxony
County :	Bautzen
Management Community :	Neschwitz
Height :	149 m above sea level NHN
Area :	46.01 km 2
Residents:	2401 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	52 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	02699
Primaries :	035933, 035937
License plate :	BZ, BIW, HY, KM
Community key :	14 6 25 360
LOCODE :	DE NI2
Community structure:	17 districts
Address of the ; municipal administration:	Bahnhofstrasse 1 ; 02699 Neschwitz
Website :	www.neschwitz.de
Mayor :	Gerd Schuster ( CDU )
Location of the municipality of Neschwitz in the Bautzen district

Aerial view

Neschwitz , Upper Sorbian Njeswačidło ^?^/ⁱ , is a place and the associated municipality about 14 km northwest of Bautzen in the Saxon Upper Lusatia . Neschwitz is located in the Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape Biosphere Reserve . It is the seat of the administrative community Neschwitz and belongs to the official settlement area of the Sorbs .

Local division

Districts of the municipality:

Neschwitz (Njeswačidło) , 824 inhabitants
Caßlau (Koslow) , 102 Ew.
Doberschütz (Dobrošicy) , 125 Ew.
Holscha (Holešow) , 50 Ew.
Holschdubrau (Holešowska Dubrawka) , 74 Ew.
Kleinholscha (Mały Holešow) , 12 Ew.
Krinitz (Króńca) , 28 Ew.
Lissahora (Liša Hora) , 4 Ew.
Loga (Łahow) , 125 Ew.

Lomske (Łomsk) , 17 Ew.
Luga (Łuh) , 337 Ew.
Neudorf (Nowa Wjes) , 183 Ew.
Pannewitz (Banecy) , 98 Ew.
Saritsch (Zarěč) , 126 Ew.
Uebigau (Wbohow) , 75 Ew.
Weidlitz (Wutołčicy) , 27 Ew.
Zescha (Šešow) , 276 Ew.

history

War memorial in the Neschwitz churchyard

The oldest known mention of the settlement as Nyzwas comes from 1268. A knight's seat is mentioned here as early as the beginning of the 15th century. The Neschwitzer Church dates from the early 17th century and has been rebuilt several times since then. Sorbian was also preached here until 1979.

In 1936 the community was expanded to include the neighboring towns of Holscha, Neudorf and Lomske. Further regional reforms incorporated Doberschütz in 1974, Zescha in 1978, Saritsch in 1993 and Luga in 1994.

population

For his statistics on the Sorbian population in Upper Lusatia, Arnošt Muka determined a population of 531 inhabitants in the 1880s; 441 of them were Sorbs (83%) and 90 Germans. According to Ernst Tschernik , the Sorbian-speaking proportion of the population in the municipality of Neschwitz (with Holscha, Neudorf and Lomske) fell by 1956 BC. a. due to assimilation and immigration of German-speaking resettlers after the Second World War to 32.1%. Since then, the use of Sorbian in Neschwitz itself has continued to decline. In the predominantly Catholic districts of Lomske, Doberschütz and Caßlau in the west of the municipality, the language is still spoken today.

According to the 2011 census, 837 of 2,498 inhabitants were Protestant (33.5%), 474 were Roman Catholic (19%) and 1,187 belonged to another or no religious community (47.5%).

politics

City council election 2019

Turnout: 69.1% (2014: 55.4%)

%

50

40

30th

20th

10

0

48.8%

30.5%

15.2%

5.5%

HuG

GdV

CDU

left

Gains and losses

compared to 2014

% p

14th

12

10

8th

6th

4th

2

0

-2

-4

-6

-3.4 % p

+ 12.6 % p.p.

-5.4 % p

-3.9 % p

HuG

GdV

CDU

left

The local elections in recent years resulted in the following distribution of votes and seats:

Parties and constituencies	2014		2009		2004
Parties and constituencies	%	Seats	%	Seats	%	Seats
Craft and trade (HuG)	52.2	8th	46.6	7th	30.7	4th
Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU)	20.6	3	18.9	3	25.5	4th
Community of clubs (GdV)	17.9	2	16.2	2	15.7	2
The Left (2004: PDS)	9.4	1	8.1	1	6.7	1
Kultur- und Heimatfreunde Neschwitz eV (KHN)	-	-	10.2	1	13.4	2
Free electoral association FORUM	-	-	-	-	7.9	1
total	100.0	14th	100.0	14th	100.0	14th
voter turnout	57.5%		55.4%		53.0%

Since the municipal council election on May 26, 2019 , the 14 seats of the municipal council have been distributed among the individual groups as follows:

Craft and trade (HuG): 7 seats
Community of Associations (GdV): 5 seats
CDU : 2 seats

Culture and sights

Buildings

View of the castle from the southeast

Count's hereditary burial in the cemetery

Neschwitz church with a tower dome that was renewed in 2009

Baroque Neschwitz Castle and the associated park
Neschwitz church and old rectory
Neschwitz cemetery with a count's hereditary burial
Old zoo with hunting pavilion on the grounds of the Neschwitz Youth Hostel
Weidlitz manor house
Saritsch mansion

Post mill Luga

Voss mansion in Doberschütz

museum

Local history museum Neschwitz
Neschwitz bird protection pavilion

Regular events

Witch burning

Neschwitzer Schlagernacht

Castle concerts

Galleries in the castle

Museum day and church tower festival

Festival of lights

Windmill Festival

Galleries in the Saritsch mansion

education

The municipality of Neschwitz has a primary school. The local middle school was closed in 2005. The closest secondary school is now in Königswartha .

traffic

Until 1999, Neschwitz had a station on the Bautzen – Hoyerswerda line , which was shut down and dismantled in the following years. Public transport is now handled by the Oberlausitz regional bus in the same relation.

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the church

August Adolph von Haugwitz (1647–1706), poet and playwright

Johann Larass (born August 5, 1820 in Neschwitz), German garden architect († 1893)

Arnold Freiherr von Vietinghoff-Riesch (1895–1962), forest scientist , ornithologist and nature conservationist . Until the expropriation in 1945, he owned the baroque Neschwitz Castle along with the associated property with agriculture and forestry.

ground

The predominant soil type in and around Neschwitz is parabraunerde .

Sources and literature

Municipal administration Neschwitz (ed.): Neschwitz and his villages. Illustrated chronicle of the first half of the 20th century. Lusatia-Verlag, Bautzen 2000, ISBN 3-929091-73-9 .
Ernst Panse: Diamond of garden art. Neschwitz Castle Park. In: Ernst Panse (ed.): Park guide through Upper Lusatia. Lusatia Verlag, Bautzen 1999, ISBN 3-929091-56-9 , pp. 100-104.
Arnold Freiherr von Vietinghoff-Riesch: Last gentleman on Neschwitz. A Junker with no regrets. (= From the German Aristocratic Archives. Volume 3.) Starke, Limburg 2002, ISBN 3-7980-0603-2 .
Neschwitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Neschwitz . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 6th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1819, p. 817 f.
Cornelia Müller, Kultur- und Heimatfreunde Neschwitz e. V. (Ed.): Community chronicle Neschwitz - Njeswačidło. Lausitzer Druck- und Verlagshaus, Bautzen 2009, ISBN 978-3-930625-50-5 .
TERRA - Geography 10 / High School Saxony. Ernst Klett Verlag, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-623-28460-6 , p. 178/179.
Cornelius Gurlitt : Neschwitz. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 31. Booklet: Bautzen Official Authority (Part I) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1908, p. 168.
Cornelius Gurlitt : Neschwitz. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 32nd issue: Bautzen Official Authority (Part II) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1908, p. 193.

Web links

Commons : Neschwitz - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Manors and castles in the kingdom of Saxony: Neschwitz - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019 ( help on this ).
↑ Saxon Sorbs Act , Annex to Section 3 (2)
^ Information from the municipal administration in Neschwitz; As of December 31, 2016
↑ Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian population . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954, p. 56 .
^ Ludwig Elle: Language policy in the Lausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1995, p. 245 .
↑ census database on zensus2011.de
↑ Results of the 2019 municipal council elections

[Metadaten_Einwohnerzahl_DE-SN-1] Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019 ( help on this ).

[2] Saxon Sorbs Act , Annex to Section 3 (2)

[3] Information from the municipal administration in Neschwitz; As of December 31, 2016

[4] Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian population . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954, p. 56 .

[5] Ludwig Elle: Language policy in the Lausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1995, p. 245 .

[6] sus database on zensus2011.de

[7] Results of the 2019 municipal council elections