Nolana aenigma
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| MODillon , S. Leiva & Quip. |
Nolana aenigma is a plant type from the genus Nolana . It is only known from one location in Peru .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Nolana aenigma is a succulent , herbaceous , annual plant that is hairless, heavily branched and has stems up to 40 cm long . The leaves have petioles 1 to 1.5 cm long , the leaf blades are heart-shaped to kidney-shaped or egg-shaped, they reach a length of 1.5 to 2.5 cm and a width of 1.5 to 2.5 cm. The leaves are entire, blunt or rounded towards the front, the base is blunt to heart-shaped.
Flowers and fruits
The flowers stand individually in the axils of the upper leaves. The strong, hairless flower stalk is 1.5 to 2.0 cm long. The calyx is bell-shaped and 4 to 4.5 mm wide at flowering time. It is five-lobed, the lobes are similar, they are lanceolate, 4.5 to 5 mm long, 2 to 2.5 mm wide, pointed towards the front and pencil-shaped. The crown is bell-shaped, about 12 mm wide and 8 mm long, purple to lavender in color. The inside is hairless, along the veins on the outside the crown is hairy with single-row trichomes .
The five stamens do not protrude beyond the crown, the stamens start in the lower third of the crown, are equally long and 4 to 4.5 mm long, tomentose at the base. The counters of the anthers are about 1.5 mm long and wide, purple and hairless. The ovary consists of five carpels , is hairless, about 1 mm long and 1 to 1.5 mm wide, at the base there is a nectarium with a diameter of 2 mm. The 4.5 to 5 mm long stylus does not protrude beyond the crown, the scar is on the side, is green in color and about 1.5 mm long.
The flowering time is in February. Fruits were only found in the unripe state; they were collective fruits consisting of five partial fruits .
Occurrence and locations
Nolana aenigma is known from a single location where a single plant was found within a dense population of Nolana humifusa during the El Niño influence of 1998 . The site is at the foot of Cerro Cabezón , about 20 km from Trujillo ( Peru ).
In the following years (as of 2007) no other plant of the species could be found at the site, but a new emergence of the species could be observed the next time an El Niño occurs.
etymology
The species epithet is derived from the word Enigma and refers to the enigmatic emergence of the species.
Systematics
The species has not yet been included in molecular genetic studies. Among the Peruvian species of the genus it is particularly distinctive because of its upright growth, basal branching and short crowns. The upright growth is otherwise only known from Nolana adansonii from Peru , but this species can be distinguished from Nolana aenigma by the purple stems and the collective fruits consisting of 10 to 15 partial fruits . The heart- to kidney-shaped leaf shape can also be found in the Chilean species Nolana paradoxa , but this species grows prostrate and has significantly larger flowers and collective fruits consisting of 15 to 20 partial fruits.
literature
- Michael O. Dillon, Segundo Leiva González and Victor Quipuscoa Silvestre: Five new species of Nolana (Solanaceae-Nolaneae) from Peru and notes on the classification of additional taxa . In: Arnaldoa , Volume 14, Number 2, 2007. Pages 171-190.