Organ of the Marienkirche (Marienhafe)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Organ of the Marienkirche (Marienhafe)
Marienhafe organ 1.JPG
General
place Marienkirche (Marienhafe)
Organ builder Gerhard of Holy
Construction year 1713
Last renovation / restoration 1969 by Ahrend & Brunzema
epoch Baroque
Organ landscape Ostfriesland
Technical specifications
Number of registers 20th
Number of rows of pipes 29
Number of manuals 2
Pipework of the main work , in front the trumpet goblets. The corrosion damage ( red rust ) can be clearly seen on some of the rear pipes .

The organ of the Marienkirche in Marienhafe was built by Gerhard von Holy in 1710–1713 and is the best and most completely preserved baroque organ in East Frisia . It has 20 stops on two manuals and an attached pedal .

Building history

Previous instruments in the 15th – 17th Century

In 1437 the master Thidricus de Dominis built an organ on the north side in the choir , one of the first organs in East Frisia. The remains of the organ were preserved until the 18th century. In addition to this small choir organ , a larger main organ already existed at the time. The Collectanea heraldica of HB von dem Appele from 1713 says of the organ by the north-eastern crossing pillar: “On the corner of the choir on the Gospel side, and thus to the right of the new organ, there was still the framework of an old one in front of it small organ, on which the following inscription read in old monk's letters was in red and black: Anno - Domini - mille - simo - quadrigentesimo - trigesimo - septimo - omnium - sancto - rum - completum - est - hoc - opus - p - discre - tum - magistrum - Thidericum - de - dominis -. ”(In the 1437 year of the Lord, on All Saints' Day, this work was completed by the excellent master Dietrich von Heeren). The instrument was in the course of the armed conflict by Enno III. destroyed around 1600. It is unclear whether this instrument is identical to the old main organ on the west gallery, which was repaired in 1703/1710 and sold in 1778.

New building in 1713 by Holy

On November 22nd, 1710, the parish decided to build a new organ, for which Joachim Kayser from Esens also applied unsuccessfully. A completion for Pentecost 1711 was agreed with Holy in a contract of over 550 guilders. 1710–1713 Holy built the current organ on the organ, the completion of which was delayed due to disputes and financial problems. The organ structure was only delivered from Esens in June 1712. A journeyman Holys, who was later reinforced by a second, carried out the assembly on the organ floor on the rood screen between the choir and the crossing of the church, which was not yet reduced in size. Holy asked the community for additional payments and to provide materials at their own expense. His threat to otherwise withdraw the journeymen and not to complete the new building prompted the community to file a lawsuit against him. Holy was fined 20 florins and was supposed to deliver by Christmas 1712. The inauguration took place on October 11, 1713.

The rich carvings are eye-catching. Egbert Harmens made carvings that were placed in the back positive and on the organ gallery. Harmens is identified with the master Egbert Harmens Smit from the north named on the Osteeler pulpit (1699). The Emden image cutter Iohann Wilhelm delivered carvings probably for the main body of the work in July 1713. The sister instrument in Dornum , which Holy built at the same time (1710–1711), is designed to be quite similar in terms of sound, but somewhat larger . What is unusual about the factory in Marienhafe is that even the principals in the prospectus and all aliquot registers and mixtures have been preserved in their original state. The original intonation remained largely unchanged . The rich carvings catch the eye. Since the valuable instrument is in the tradition of the Schnitger school in terms of structure and sound, it has long been considered a work by Arp Schnitger . The colored flute parts, however, already point to the sound aesthetics of the 18th century. The large number of possible registrations for the plenary is explained by the fact that the instrument is designed to accompany the congregation singing. The flexible wind of the wind turbine , which is still original , also serves this purpose .

Repairs and changes in the 18th and 19th centuries

In 1761 Johann Adam Berner ( Jever ) carried out a renovation. Johann Friedrich Wenthin ( Emden ) repaired the instrument in 1781 and 1797. The organ survived the collapse of the vault on August 21, 1819 unscathed. In 1828 Johann Gottfried Rohlfs ( Esens ) removed the instrument and stored it in the tower after the east apse increasingly crumbled and the church was reduced in size. In 1831 Rohlfs rebuilt the organ on the west gallery without interfering with the historical substance. When sound aesthetics changed in the direction of Romanticism in the 19th century, the teacher and local researcher Friedrich Sundermann described the organ around 1884 as a "screamer of the first order". Johann Diepenbrock ( Norden ) replaced the Quintadena 16 'with a drone 16' and the trumpet 8 'in 1886. Plans at the beginning of the 20th century to drastically change or replace the organ were not implemented. The company P. Furtwängler & Hammer laid in 1909 before a cost estimate for a new building "under reuse of the still usable registers". The organ movement recognized the value of the instrument, which they ascribed to an unknown organ builder, and considered it one of the most important organ monuments in East Frisia. It was only listed as a historical monument in 1952.

Renovations from 1966 by Ahrend (& Brunzema)

The lower case has been sand-colored again since 2010.

When the interior was renovated in 1963/1964 and aligned again from the west to the east, the altar, which was placed under the organ, and the pulpit were relocated. The west gallery, which was curved and protruded in the area of ​​the Rückpositiv , was straightened and the organ moved about 0.80 meters closer to the main work.

In 1966 Ahrend & Brunzema ( Leer-Loga ) first restored the Rückpositiv and in 1969 the main work, whereby only two lost registers had to be reconstructed. All other registers are still intact. The missing wind chests were reconstructed according to the original dimensions. The prospect pipes were given a shiny tin foil. In 1988 Jürgen Ahrend tuned the pipe work, which had previously been tuned equally, to match the time the organ was created, based on the tried and tested model of the Arp-Schnitger organ in a transitional form from medium-tone to well-tempered tuning. The thorough repair of the case, which was not yet desired in 1966 and 1969, was carried out by Hendrik Ahrend in 2010. In the course of this, the restorer Dietrich Wellmer thoroughly repaired the color version. During this restoration in 2010, the last blue-colored substructure of the main plant, like large parts of the brochure, was also made sand-colored. At the same time, many pipe stems that had been destroyed by lead corrosion had to be replaced. In order to protect the old lead pipes from further corrosion, permanent ventilation of the wind chests had already been installed.

Disposition since 1969 (= 1713)

I Rug = Positive CDEFGA-c 3
Principaal 4 ′
Pipe = flute 8th'
Blok = Fleute 4 ′
Octave 2 ′
Fifth 1 1 ⁄ 2  ′
Siff people 1'
Sharp II
Krumhorn 8th'
II Manual CDEFGA – c 3
Principaal 8th'
Quintads 16 ′
Gedact 8th'
Octave 4 ′
Spits = Fleute 4 ′
Fifth 3 ′
Octave 2 ′
Spits = Fleute 2 ′
Sesquialter II
Mixture IV-VI
Cymbel III
Trumpet 8th'
Pedal CDEFGA – d 1
(attached)
Remarks
  1. ↑ a b Reconstructed.

Technical specifications

  • 20 registers
  • Pedal attached (CDEFGA-d 1 )
  • Action :
  • Wind supply:
    • 64 mm water column wind pressure
    • Four wedge bellows
  • Mood :
    • Height approx. A semitone over a 1 = 440 Hz
    • Northern tuning (transitional form from medium-tone to well-tempered) based on 1/5 Pythagorean commas

Picture gallery

  • Action : angle with abstracts (right)

  • Turned registers (original)

  • Original register plates made of cast organ metal

Web links

Commons : Organ of the Marienkirche  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

literature

  • Reinhard Ruge: The organs of the Marienkirche . In: Johann Gerhard Schomerus (Ed.): The Marienkirche of Marienhafe. The cathedral in Brookmerland . Soltau-Kurier-Norden, Norden 1984, ISBN 3-922365-38-8 , p. 66-67 .
  • Günter Lade (Ed.): 40 years of organ building Jürgen Ahrend 1954–1994 . Self-published, Leer-Loga 1994.
  • Uda von der Nahmer: Wind song. Organs, wind and relatives . Ostfriesische Landschaftliche Verlags- und Vertriebsgesellschaft, Aurich 2008, ISBN 978-3-940601-03-2 .
  • Walter Kaufmann : The organs of East Frisia . East Frisian Landscape, Aurich 1968.
  • Ralph Nickles: Organ inventory of the Krummhörn and the city of Emden . Hauschild Verlag , Bremen 1995, ISBN 3-929902-62-1 .
  • Peter Seidel: News from the old Holy organ. In: Heim und Herd , supplement to the Ostfriesischer Kurier of October 26, 2013, No. 11, pp. 41–44.
  • Harald Vogel , Günter Lade, Nicola Borger-Keweloh: Organs in Lower Saxony . Hauschild Verlag , Bremen 1997, ISBN 3-931785-50-5 .
  • Harald Vogel, Reinhard Ruge, Robert Noah, Martin Stromann: Organ landscape Ostfriesland . 2nd Edition. Soltau-Kurier-Norden, Norden 1997, ISBN 3-928327-19-4 .

Recordings / sound carriers

  • The Holy Organ of the Marienkirche in Marienhafe . 2001. Amb 97829 (Martin Böcker).
  • Organ country East Frisia . 1989. German Harmonia Mundi, HM 939-2 (Harald Vogel in Norden, Uttum, Rysum, Westerhusen, Marienhafe, Weener).
  • Organ landscapes. Episode 4: A musical journey to eight organs in the Ostfriesland region (part 1) . 2013, NOMINE eV, LC 18240 (Thiemo Janssen in Rysum, Osteel, Westerhusen, Marienhafe, Dornum and Agnes Luchterhandt in Uttum, Pilsum, north).
  • Organs in East Frisia . Vol. 2. 1997. Organeum OC-09602 (Harald Vogel in Rysum, Uttum, Norden, Marienhafe).
  • Orgels in de eems-dollard regio . Vol. 2. 2003. VLS VLC 0302 (Peter Westerbrink).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Günter Lade (Ed.): 40 years of organ building Jürgen Ahrend 1954–1994 . Self-published, Leer-Loga 1994, p. 37.
  2. ↑ Kaufmann: Die Orgeln Ostfriesland , 1968, pp. 167–168.
  3. ↑ Nickles: Organ inventory of the Krummhörn and the city of Emden . 1995, p. 11.
  4. ^ Daniel Brunzema: The design of the organ prospectus in the Frisian and bordering North Sea coast area up to 1670 and its significance for the present ( treatises and lectures on the history of East Frisia. H. 35). Verlag Ostfriesische Landschaft, Aurich 1958, p. 9.
  5. ↑ Seidel: News from the old Holy organ. 2013, p. 41.
  6. ^ Vogel: Organs in Lower Saxony . 1997, p. 198.
  7. ↑ Seidel: News from the old Holy organ. 2013, p. 43.
  8. ↑ Seidel: News from the old Holy organ. 2013, p. 42.
  9. ↑ Ruge: The organs of the Marienkirche. 1984, pp. 66-67.
  10. ↑ Kaufmann: The organs of East Frisia . 1968, p. 170.
  11. ↑ Seidel: News from the old Holy organ. 2013, p. 43.

Coordinates: 53 ° 31 ′ 21.5 ″  N , 7 ° 16 ′ 19.8 ″  E