Oswald Wiener

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Oswald Wiener (born October 5, 1935 in Vienna ) is an Austrian-Canadian writer , cyberneticist , language theorist and restaurateur .

Life

Oswald ("Ossi") Wiener studied law , musicology , African languages and mathematics in Vienna in the early 1950s . Parallel to his work as an author for the Wiener Gruppe from 1954 to 1959, he worked as a professional jazz musician ; one of the bands he played trumpet in was Walter Terharen's Real Jazz Band . From 1958 to 1966 he worked, finally in a leading position, for the Olivetti company in the data processing sector .

In 1968 he was one of the participants in the “Art and Revolution” (“Uni-Ferkelei”) campaign on June 7th at the University of Vienna, one of the highlights of the 1968 student movement in Austria. He was sentenced to six months in prison for this. After his escape from Vienna in 1969 - he was also threatened with a procedure for blasphemy in Austria - he lived as an innkeeper (restaurants “Exil” and “Axbax”) until 1986 in Berlin . From 1980 to 1985 he studied mathematics and computer science at the TU Berlin . Since then, at the latest, the focus of his work has been a synthesis of cognitive science and artistic-philosophical literature. As he himself says, he tries to “apply scientific ways of thinking to philosophy”. Oswald Wiener lived in Dawson , Canada , became a Canadian citizen and then moved to the Austrian market town of Birkfeld . From 1992 to 2004 he was professor for aesthetics at the Düsseldorf Art Academy . Oswald Wiener is married to the artist Ingrid Wiener . The marriage with the artist Lore Heuermann has three children. One daughter is Sarah Wiener , who appears in various shows as a TV cook and runs several restaurants in Berlin.

Oswald Wiener is often referred to as the theoretical head of the so-called " Wiener Gruppe " (1954–1964). Alongside the Situationist International and the “ Independent Group ”, this can be counted among the most radical moments of modernity / postmodernism in Europe in the second half of the 20th century.

Hauptwerk: "The Improvement of Central Europe, Roman"

In 1958, Oswald Wiener destroyed his "literary attempts" that had been made since 1954. In the 1960s he worked on his fundamental and momentous prose text “The Improvement of Central Europe, Roman”, which first appeared in series in the Austrian literary magazine manuscripts and was finally published as a book ( Rowohlt 1969, new edition 1985). In the dispute u. a. with Ludwig Wittgenstein , the text deals in many ways with the omnipotence of language and the extent to which it manipulates consciousness; the paradox of this dispute is that it is conducted through the medium of language. In the appendix * appendix A: der bio-adapter *, Wiener drafts the concept of a "happiness suit", a machine that visibly takes over the body and mind of what is enclosed - which can be seen as an early draft of "cyberspace". Furthermore, the text is based on Wiener's concern with theoretical cybernetics , in particular the numerical method. This deconstruction novel imitates, ironicises and destroys the genre “19th century novels”. From approaches and fragments of linguistic (keyword “ linguistic turn ” in cultural studies ) and cybernetic thought experiments, Wiener develops a model of the human being who has been consciously altered by cybernetics. In particular, Wiener also uses psychological experimental methods of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, in particular self-observation, which behaviorism had "forbidden" to a certain extent, with the aim of understanding certain aspects of the functioning of the human psyche. Wiener has thus made some very independent contributions on the topic of artificial intelligence .

Oswald Wiener exerted influence on many contemporary thinkers, authors and artists. These include Bodo Hell , Walter Grond , Peter Handke , Friederike Mayröcker , Werner Schwab , Franzobel , Marianne Fritz , Günter Brus , Werner Kofler and Thomas Raab .

Awards

Works

  • Art and revolution , action, etc. a. with Otto Muehl and Günter Brus on June 7, 1968 at the University of Vienna , see: Uni-Ferkelei .
  • The improvement of Central Europe. Novel. Rowohlt Verlag, Reinbek near Hamburg 1969; New edition 1985, ISBN 3-499-11495-X .
  • appendix a (the «bio-adapter»). In: manuscripts . Volume 25, 1969.
  • as editor: Josefine Mutzenbacher . The life story of a Viennese whore, told by herself. In the appendix: Contributions to the aedoology of Viennese. Rogner & Bernhard , Munich 1969 (“Bibliotheca Erotica et Curiosa”, Appendix pp. 285–389); Rowohlt, Reinbek 1978 (Appendix pp. 163–248).
    Appendix under the title The obscene vocabulary of Vienna , in condensed form without comments, in the Mutzenbacher editions by Michael Farin: Schneekluth, Munich 1990 (pp. 361-461), and Parkland, Stuttgart 1992.
  • Subject, semantics, mapping relationships, a pro-memoria. In: manuscripts. Volume 29/30, 1970.
  • a crime committed on paper. In: Schastrommel. No. 2, Berlin 1970.
  • Approximate layout of Günter Brus as a bird. In: Schastrommel. No. 4, Berlin 1970.
  • Content analysis. Essays on the interpretation of texts using quantitative semantics. Selected and introduced by Oswald Wiener. Rogner & Bernhard, Munich 1972.
  • Dieter Roth: Early writings and typical shit. Selected and with a bunch of partially digested things by Oswald Wiener. Luchterhand, Darmstadt / Neuwied 1973.
  • John McCarthy , Claude E. Shannon [Eds.]. Automata Studies. Eds. Of the German edition: Oswald Wiener, Peter Weibel and Franz Kaltenbeck, Rogner & Bernhard, Munich 1974.
  • A few things about Konrad Bayer. Black romanticism and surrealism in post-war Vienna. In: Die Zeit, No. 8, February 17, 1978
  • About illusionism. Contribution to: Oskar Panizza: Psychopathia criminalis , Matthes & Seitz, Munich 1978.
  • We would also like to benefit from the Arno Schmidt year. Matthes & Seitz, Munich 1979.
  • A kind of unique In: Verena von der Heyden-Rynsch (Ed.): Rites of self-dissolution. Matthes & Seitz, Munich 1982.
  • About the goal of epistemology to build machines that can lie, ie actually only about a few difficulties on the way there , In: manuscripts. Volume 86, 1982. (and also in: Jean Baudrillard : Die fatal strategies , Munich: Matthes & Seitz, 1985).
  • Turing's test. From dialectical to binary thinking. In: Kursbuch. Volume 75, 1984.
  • as Evo Präkogler: Not again ...! A file found on a floppy. Matthes & Seitz, Munich 1990.
  • Artificial Intelligence Problems . Edited by Peter Weibel. Merve, Berlin 1990.
  • Artificial Intelligence Cambrian . Afterword to: Herbert A. Simon: The Sciences of the Artificial, Berlin: Kammerer & Unverzagt, 1990, 175-228.
  • Writings on the theory of knowledge , Vienna / New York: Springer, 1996.
  • Literary essays, Vienna: Löcker, 1998.
  • Bouvard and Pécuchet in the realm of the senses. A dinner speech . Bern: Gachnang and Springer, 1998.
  • with Manuel Bonik and Robert Hödicke: An elementary introduction to the theory of the Turing machines . Berlin: Springer, 1998.
  • Materials for my book Ideas. Ed. V. F. Lesák. Vienna: TU Vienna 2000 (= excerpt 6).
  • About "seeing" in dreams. On the dream drawings by Ingrid Wiener, in: Ingrid Wiener: Träume / sogni. Morra, Naples 2001, 3-17.
  • Anecdotes on structure, in: Excerpt 07. Ed. By F. Lesák. TU Wien, Vienna 2002, 30–45.
  • with Thomas Raab : "Computing the motor-sensor map (Short Communication)", in: Behavioral and Brain Sciences , 27 (2004): 423f.
  • "Under LSD / Over LSD", in: manuskripte , 171 (2006): 5-27.
  • "Humbug", in: Der Ficker, second episode, ed. v. Benedikt Ledebur, Innsbruck / Vienna 2006, 96-116 and 90-110 (German / English).
  • "About" Seeing "in Dreams, Part Two ", in: manuskripte , 178 (2007), 161-172.
  • "About" Seeing "in Dreams, Part Three ", in: manuskripte , 181 (2008), 132-141.
  • "Cybernetics and ghosts. In the no man's land between science and art", in: manuskripte , 207 (2015), 143-162.
  • "Glossary: ​​Weiser", in: Self-observation. Oswald Wieners Denkpsychologie, ed. v. T. Eder et al. T. Raab. Berlin: Suhrkamp 2015, 59-98.
  • "Glossary: ​​figurative", in: Self-observation. Oswald Wieners Denkpsychologie , ed. v. T. Eder et al. T. Raab. Berlin: Suhrkamp 2015, 99-141.

Sound carrier

literature

  • Manuel Bonik: Oswald Wiener , interview and numerous materials, in: 59to1 , Zeitschrift für Kultur, No. 23, Munich 1989.
  • Manuel Bonik: Thoughts - Machines: Oswald Wiener's freehand sketches for a computer culture , Deutschlandradio, Berlin 1994.
  • Comments on some tendencies of the “Wiener Gruppe” , in: Wolfgang Fetz and Gerald Matt (eds.): Die Wiener Gruppe , Vienna: Kunsthalle Wien, 1998.
  • About the 'Prototypes / About the' Prototypes. In: Walter Pichler: Prototypes 1966–1969. Generali Foundation / Residence, Vienna / Salzburg 1998 (German / English).
  • Wittgenstein's influence on the Vienna group. In: Wendelin Schmidt-Dengler (ed.): Wittgenstein and philosophy. Österreichische Staatsdruckerei (Edition S), Vienna 1990.
  • Eckhard Hammel (Ed.): Synthetic Worlds. Art, artificiality and communication media. Die Blaue Eule, Essen 1996, pp. 199-213, ISBN 3-89206-598-5 .
  • Martin A. Hainz: "Reality continues to inflate and burst". To Heimito von Doderer, Oswald Wiener and Franzobel. In: Weimar Contributions. Volume 50, No. 4, 2004, pp. 539-558.
  • Martin A. Hainz: “never pointing the way” - on Oswald Wiener's 70th birthday. In: Michael Ritter (Ed.): Praesent 2006. The literary event in Austria from July 2004 to June 2005. Praesens Verlag, Vienna 2005, pp. 45–48.
  • Klaus Kastberger : Oswald Wiener. Writing scenes between literature and science (2010). ( Online at academia.edu ).
  • Nils Röller: Ahab's tax - navigations between art and science. Merve, Berlin 2004.
  • Thomas Eder , Thomas Raab (Ed.): Self-observation. Oswald Wieners thought psychology. Suhrkamp, ​​Berlin 2015.

Web links

Wikiquote: Oswald Wiener  - Quotes

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Professor Oswald Wiener: writer, cyberneticist, language theorist.
  2. ↑ Article about his daughter Sarah in the world of April 30, 2008, accessed on August 23, 2013
  3. ↑ Friedrich Geyrhofer: The story of an enemy of the state , in: Vienna (Journal) , reprint the Vienna activists May 1981 S. 52nd
  4. ↑ Oswald Wiener: About art, introspection and automaton theory A conversation with Stan Lafleur, part 2 in: Eckhard Hammel (Ed.): Synthetic worlds. Art, artificiality and communication media, Essen: Verlag Die Blaue Eule, 1996, pp. 199–213 ( ISBN 3-89206-598-5 )
  5. ↑ Oswald Wiener. Short biography , on the website of Horst Kurz.
  6. ↑ The Standard (print edition). September 13, 2006, p. 31
  7. ↑ Adöa . In: Heinrich August Pierer , Julius Löbe (Hrsg.): Universal Lexicon of the Present and the Past . 4th edition. tape 1 . Altenburg 1857, p. 139 ( zeno.org - «Ädöologie» = the study of the genitals).
  8. ↑ ANIMAL MUSIC: TEAM OF JEREMY ROHT, RECORDED BY OSWALD WIENER. Retrieved October 13, 2019 .
  9. ↑ Wrong capercaillie. Retrieved October 13, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Wiener, Oswald
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wiener, Ossi
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian writer, language theorist and cyberneticist
DATE OF BIRTH October 5, 1935
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna