Pippau

Pippau
	Dach-Pippau ( Crepis tectorum ), illustration
Systematics
	Euasterids II
Order :	Astern-like (Asterales)
Family :	Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily :	Cichorioideae
Tribe :	Cichorieae
Genre :	Pippau
Scientific name
	Crepis
	L.

The Pippau ( Crepis ) constitute a genus within the family of Compositae (Asteraceae). The approximately 200 species are widespread in North America , Eurasia and Africa . The common name Pippau comes from the Slavic ( Polish pępawa) and was used for the related dandelion ( Taraxacum officinale ).

description

Illustration of the Wiesen-Pippau ( Crepis biennis )

Flower head in detail from Crepis sancta , the two branches of the style are clearly recognizable

Illustration of the Bristle Pippau ( Crepis setosa )

Achenes with pappus from the dandelion pippau ( Crepis vesicaria subsp. Taraxacifolia )

Appearance and leaves

The Pippau species are annual, biennial or perennial herbaceous plants that reach heights of 3 to 120 centimeters, depending on the species. They usually form tap roots , sometimes they form rhizomes . The independently upright to creeping stems are simple or branched.

The mostly stalked leaves are often arranged in basal rosettes; they can also be distributed on the stem. The petioles are more or less winged. The leaf blades are simple, lobed to pinnate. The leaf margins can be smooth, serrated or serrated.

Inflorescences and flowers

The upright cup-shaped inflorescences are sometimes single or mostly in branched, umbrella-clustered to racemose or panicle-like overall inflorescences . The involucre is cylindrical to bell-shaped. The bracts are several rows. The outer bracts overlap ± like a roof tile, they become gradually longer towards the outside and the longest are 1/4 to 2/3 longer than the innermost; the inner ones usually have the same length. The inner bracts are linear-lanceolate, hairy on the outside with simple or glandular trichomes or rarely glabrous and inside glabrous and adjoining silky hair. The flat or convex flower head base rarely has chaff leaves or bristles.

The flower heads contain only five to over a hundred ray florets . The color of the ray florets is usually yellow or orange, sometimes white, pink or reddish to rarely purple.

Chromosomes of Crepis Vesicaria

fruit

The yellow, brown, green, red or black achenes are finely prickly or smooth. cylindrical to spindle-shaped achenes have ten to twenty ribs and a narrowing, pointed or beaked upper end. The durable or early falling pappus consists of 80 to 150 white to light yellowish, flexible, feathery bristle hairs that are more or less the same or the outer ones are shorter; they can stand in one or two rows.

Sets of chromosomes

The basic chromosome numbers are x = 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 or 3. There are the ploidy degrees diploidy , tetraploidy, hexaploidy and octoploidy.

Systematics and distribution

Taxonomy

The genus Crepis was established by Carl von Linné in 1753 . The generic name Crepis means shoe sole and refers to the shape of the leaves. Type species is Crepis biennis L. Synonyms for Crepis L. are: Aegoseris (Rchb.) Steud. , Anisoderis Cass. , Anisoramphus DC. , Anthochytrum Rchb. , Anthochytrum Rchb. f. , Aracium Neck. , Barkhausia Moench , Barckhausia DC. , Berinia Brign. , Billotia Sch.Bip. , Brachyderea Cass. , Calliopea D.Don , Catonia Moench , Ceramiocephalum Sch.Bip. , Choeroseris Link , Closirospermum Neck. , Crenamum Adans. , Crepidium Exchange , Crepinia Rchb. , Cymboseris Boiss. , Derouetia Boiss. & Balansa , Dianthoseris Sch.Bip. , Dianthoseris Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich. , Dysodea Borkh. , Endoptera DC. , Gatyona Cass. , Geblera Andrz. ex Besser , Geracium Mössler , Geracium Rchb. , Hapalostephium D.Don , hieracioides Fabr. , Hostia Moench , Idianthes Desv. , Intybellia Cass. , Intybellia Monnier , Lagoseris M.Bieb. , Lepicaune Lapeyr. , Limnocrepis fourr . , Limnoseris Peterm. , Melitella Sommier , Myoseris Link , Nannoseris Hedberg , Nemauchenes Cass. , Omalocline Cass. , Pachylepis Less. , Paleya Cass. , Phaecasium Cass. , Phalacroderis DC. , Psammoseris Boiss. & Reut. , Psilochenia Nutt. , Pterotheca Cass. , Rhynchopappus Dulac , Rodigia Spreng. , Sclerolepis Monnier , Sclerophyllum Gaudin , Soyeria Monnier , Succisocrepis Fourr. , Trichocrepis Vis. , Wibelia G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb. , Zacintha Mill.

External system

The genus Crepis belongs to the subtribe Crepidinae from tribe Cichorieae in the subfamily Cichorioideae within the family Asteraceae . Without the species of the genera Lapsana and Rhagadiolus , the genus Crepis is paraphyletic. This is still being discussed controversially. The list of species below corresponds to this extent of the paraphyletic genus Crepis according to Enke & Gemeinholzer 2008.

Species and their distribution

The genus Crepis is widespread in the northern hemisphere in North America , Eurasia and Africa .

The genus Crepis includes over 200 species:

Crepis acuminata

Alpine Pippau ( Crepis alpestris )

Crepis aspera

Gold Pippau ( Crepis aurea )

Crepis barbigera

Wiesen-Pippau ( Crepis biennis )

Crepis bursifolia

Canary Islands Pippau ( Crepis canariensis )

Small-headed Pippau ( Crepis capillaris )

Habit of the stinking Pippau ( Crepis foetida )

Crepis hierosolymitana

Crepis intermedia

Rock rubble pippau ( Crepis jacquinii )

Crepis modocensis

Crepis occidentalis

Crepis palaestina

Marsh pippau ( Crepis paludosa )

Mountain Pippau ( Crepis pontana )

Beautiful Pippau ( Crepis pulchra )

Crepis purpurea

Dwarf pippau ( Crepis pygmaea )

Habit, leaves and inflorescence of Crepis reuteriana in the habitat

Mane Pippau ( Crepis rhaetica )

Flower head of Crepis runcinata , the two branches of the style are clearly visible

Crepis sancta

Crepis sibirica

Triglav-Pippau ( Crepis terglouensis )

Crepis achyrophoroides Vatke : It occurs in Ethiopia and Sudan .
Crepis aculeata (DC.) Boiss. : It occurs in Syria , Lebanon , Israel , Jordan and in Saudi Arabia, as well as on the Sinai Peninsula and perhaps Cyprus.
Crepis acuminata Nutt. (Syn .: Crepis angustata Rydb. , Crepis seselifolia Rydb. , Crepis acuminata subsp. Pluriflora Babc. & Stebbins ): It is from the western to the central USA from southeast Washington via Utah , northern Arizona , southern Nevada to California and from Iowa spreadsover Nebraska , western Colorado, Idaho , Montana , eastern Oregon , western Wyoming to northern New Mexico .
Crepis aitchisonii Boiss. : It occurs in Afghanistan and Pakistan .
Crepis albescens Kuvaev & LIDemidova : It occurs in the northern part of European Russia .
Whitish Pippau ( Crepis albida Vill. , Syn .: Crepis macrocephala DC. , Crepis taraxacoides Pourr. ): The six subspecies are common in Morocco , Spain , France and Italy .
Crepis alfredii Bornm. : It occurs in Iran .
Crepis alikeri Czerep. : It occurs in Azerbaijan .
Alpen-Pippau ( Crepis alpestris (Jacq.) Tausch , Crepis mucronata (Bertol.) Nyman , Crepis longifolia Hegetschw. , Crepis alpestris subsp. Pubescens (Froel.) Arcang. , Crepis alpestris var. Gmeliniana Froel. , Crepis alpestris var. Integrifolia Bisch. , Crepis alpestris var. Runcinata Bisch. , Crepis alpestris var. Willdenowiana Froel. ): It occurs in Central, South, Southeastern Europe and Turkey .
Crepis alpina L .: It occurs in Crimea , Turkey, Belarus , Dagestan , Azerbaijan , Armenia , Iraq and Iran .
Crepis amanica Babc. : It occurs in the Asian part of Turkey.
Crepis amplexifolia (Godr.) Willk. It occurs in North Africa in Algeria , Libya , Morocco and Tunisia .
Crepis apula (Fiori) Babc. (Syn .: Crepis suffreniana subsp. Apula (Fiori) PDSell , Crepis suffreniana var. Apula Fiori ): This endemic occurs only in Italy.
Crepis arcuata Kamari & Strid : It was first described from Greece in 1989.
Crepis arenaria (Pomel) Pomel : The two subspecies occur only in Algeria.
Crepis armena Froel. : It occurs in Turkey and Iran.
Crepis asadbarensis Bornm. ex Rech. f. : It was first described in 1977 from Iran.
Crepis aspera L .: It occurs in Cyprus and in Egypt with the Sinai Peninsula and from Turkey via Iran and Iraq to Israel .
Crepis aspromontana Brullo, Scelsi & Spamp. : It was first described in 1996 from Italy.
Crepis atheniensis Babc. : It occurs in Greece.
Crepis athoa Boiss. : It occurs in Greece.
Crepis atribarba A.Heller (Syn .: Crepis gracilis (DCEaton) Rydb. Non Crepis gracilis Lej. Nec Crepis gracilis Hook. F. & Thomson , Crepis exilis Osterh. , Crepis exilis subsp. Originalis Babc. & Stebbins , Crepis exilis subsp. typica babc. & Stebbins nom. inval., Crepis occidentalis var. cytotaxonomicorum (B.Boivin) B.Boivin , Crepis occidentalis var. gracilis D.C.Eaton , Crepis intermedia var. gracilis (DCEaton) A.Gray , Crepis atribarba subsp. typica babc . & Stebbins nom inval.. Crepis atribarba var. cytotaxonomicorum B.Boivin ): It is in the western and central North America from western and central Canada spread to the western and central United States.
Gold-Pippau ( Crepis aurea (L.) Cass. , Syn .: Crepis kitaibelii Froel. , Crepis aurea subsp. Typica Babc. Nom. Inval., Crepis aurea var. Typica Fiori nom. Inval., Crepis aurea var. Halleriana Froel . ): It comes with three subspecies in Central, Southern and Southeastern Europe (from Andorra via France , Germany as well as Switzerland , Liechtenstein and Austria , Italy , Slovenia , Serbia , Croatia , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Albania , Montenegro to Greece and maybe.) Poland ) and in Turkey .
Crepis auriculifolia Sieber ex Spreng. (Syn .: Crepis raulinii Boiss. ): She is endemic to Crete .
Crepis bakeri Greene : The three subspecies are distributed in the western US states of Idaho , Washington , Oregon , Nevada and in northern California .
Crepis baldaccii Halácsy : The three subspecies occur in Serbia, Albania and Greece.
Crepis balliana Babc. : It occurs in Morocco.
Crepis barbigera Leiberg ex Coville : It occurs in the western US states is Idaho, Washington and Oregon.
Crepis bellidifolia Loisel. : It occurs in Italy, France, Corsica and Sardinia .
Crepis bermejana M. Talavera & al. : It was first described from Spain in 2013.
Crepis bertiscea Jáv. : It occurs from Serbia via Montenegro to Albania .
Wiesen-Pippau ( Crepis biennis L. , Syn .: Crepis calcarea Wender. , Crepis gmelinii Schult. , Crepis lodomeriensis Besser , Crepis maritima Boucher nom. Nud., Crepis muricata Gilib. Nom. Inval., Crepis scanensis L. nom. Nud ., Crepis scepusiensis Kit. , Crepis transsilvanica Schur , Crepis tristis Klokov , Crepis tectorum var. elata Ledeb. , Crepis biennis subsp. Subalpina (Nyár.) Nyár. , Crepis biennis var. alpestris Beauverd , Crepis biennis var. banatica Rochel , Crepis biennis var. calcarea (Wender.) Wigand & F.Meigen , Crepis biennis var. carpatica Popov , Crepis biennis var. dentata Wimm. & Grab. , Crepis biennis var. dentata W.DJKoch , Crepis biennis var. glandulosopilosa Heuff. , Crepis biennis var. glabrescens Schur , Crepis biennis var. hispida Woerl. ex Beger , Crepis biennis var. humilis Schur , Crepis biennis var. lacera Wimm. & Grab. nom. illeg., Crepis biennis var. leptophylla Wallr. , Crepis biennis var. lorifolia Beck , Crepis biennis var. maritima Corb. , Crepis Bienni s var. minoriceps J. Murr , Crepis biennis var. nitens Nyár. , Crepis biennis var. Platyphylla Wallr. , Crepis biennis var. Pubescens Beckh. , Crepis biennis var. Runcinata Wimm. & Dig. , Crepis biennis var. Scrabifolia Vacc. , Crepis biennis var. Scabriuscula Schur , Crepis biennis var. Semiincisa Wimm. & Dig. , Crepis biennis var. Silviae Üksip , Crepis biennis var. Subalpina Nyár. ) :: No subtaxas are valid. It is widespread in Europe. It is a neophyte in some areas of Northern Europe and North America .
Crepis bithynica Boiss. : It occurs in Bulgaria as well as in Turkey and maybe in Greece.
Crepis bockiana Diels
Crepis bodinieri H.Lév. : It thrives in forests and thickets at altitudes of 1500 to 2900 meters in Tibet and Yunnan .
Crepis borealis Sch.Bip. ex Walp.
Crepis bracteolata (Sm.) Nyman
Crepis bungei Ledeb. ex DC. : It occurs in Siberia and Mongolia .
Crepis bupleurifolia (Boiss. & Kotschy) Freyn & Sint. : It occurs in Turkey.
Crepis bursifolia L .: The homeland is Italy, Sicily, Croatia and Monaco.
Crepis callicephala Juz.
Crepis calycina (Hoffmanns. & Link) Nyman : It occurs in Portugal.
Canary Islands Pippau ( Crepis canariensis (Sch.Bip. Ex Sch.Bip.) Babc. Ex Babc. ): It occurs on the Canary Islands Gran Canaria , Fuerteventura and Lanzarote .
Small-headed Pippau ( Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr. )
Crepis carbonaria Sch.Bip.
Crepis caucasica C.A.Mey.
Crepis caucasigena Czerep. : It occurs in Russia and in the Caucasus.
Crepis chanetii H.Lév.
Crepis chloroclada Collett & Hemsl.
Fennel-leaved Pippau ( Crepis chondrilloides Jacq. ): It occurs in Italy , Slovenia , Croatia , Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro .
Crepis chrysantha (Ledeb.) Turcz. (Syn .: Crepis polytricha (Ledeb.) Turcz. ): It occurs in Kazakhstan , Russia , Mongolia and Xinjiang .
Crepis ciliata K. Koch
Crepis claryi Batt. : It occurs in Algeria.
Crepis clausonis (Pomel) Pomel : It occurs in Algeria and Tunisia.
Crepis commutata (Spreng.) Greuter (Syn .: Rodigia commutata Spreng. ): It is common in Bulgaria , Greece, Crete, the Aegean Sea , Turkey, Cyprus and in the area of Syria and Lebanon .
Crepis connexa Babc.
Large-headed Pippau ( Crepis conyzifolia (Gouan) A. Kerner ): It occurs in Central, South and Southeastern Europe as well as in the Middle East.

Crepis coreana (Nakai) HSPak : This new combination was made in 1999. It occurs in northeastern Korea and in the Chinese provinces of Jilin and Liaoning .

Crepis coriacea Hornem.

Crepis cretica Boiss. (Syn .: Crepis neglecta subsp. Cretica (Boiss.) Hayek ): It occurs only on Crete and Karpathos .

Crepis crithmifolia Link

Crepis crocea (Lam.) Babc. (Syn .: Crepis aurea var. Crocea (Lam.) DC. , Crepis gmelinii var. Grandifolia Tausch , Crepis pallasii Turcz. Nom. Illeg. Superfl., Crepis turczaninowii C.A. Meyer ): It comes from eastern Russia, in Mongolia, in Inner Mongolia and in the Chinese provinces of Gansu , Hebei , Qinghai , Shaanxi and Shanxi .

Crepis curiensis Bruges

Crepis cytherea Kamari : It occurs in Greece.

Crepis czerepanovii Tzvelev

Crepis dachhigamensis G.Singh

Crepis darvazica Krasch. (Syn .: Crepis rigida var. Songorica Karelin & Kirilov , Crepis songorica (Karelin & Kirilov) Babcock ): It occurs in eastern Kazakhstan, in Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan and in Xinjiang.

Crepis demavendi Bornm.

Crepis dens-leonis K. Koch

Crepis dianthoseris N. Kilian & al.

Crepis dioritica Schott & Kotschy ex Boiss. : It occurs in Turkey.

Crepis dioscoridis L .: It occurs on the Balkan Peninsula , Crete , on islands in the Aegean and in Turkey; in France and Italy it is a neophyte .

Crepis divaricata (Lowe) FWSchultz : It occurs on Madeira , Porto Santo , on the Desertas and on Selvagens .

Crepis dubia croquet.

Crepis elbrusensis Boiss.

Crepis elegans hook. (Syn .: Askellia elegans (Hook.) WAWeber ): It is common in Canada and in the US states of Alaska, Montana and Wyoming.

Crepis elongata Babc. (Syn .: Crepis tibetica Babc. ): It occurs in northeast India, in Nepal, Bhutan, Tibet and in the Chinese provinces of Yunnan as well as in western Sichuan only in Kangding .

Crepis elymaitica Bornm.

Crepis ephemeroides S.Moore

Crepis erythia Pau : It occurs in Spain and Morocco.

Crepis faureliana Maire : It occurs in Algeria.

Crepis filiformis Viv.

Crepis fodorii Pénzes

Smelly Pippau ( Crepis foetida L. ): There are, for example, the subspecies:

Real stink pippau ( Crepis foetida L. subsp. Foetida )
Klatschmohn-stink Pippau ( Crepis foetida subsp. Rhoeadifolia (M.Bieb.) Čelak. )

Crepis foliosa Babc.

Crepis fraasii Sch.Bip. : It occurs in Greece, Crete, Cyprus , the Aegean islands and Turkey.

Crepis frigida (Boiss. & Balansa) Babc.

Frölich-Pippau ( Crepis froelichiana Froelich ): It occurs in Italy, Switzerland , Austria and on the Balkan Peninsula. There are two subspecies:

Dinaric Frölich-Pippau ( Crepis froelichiana subsp. Dinarica (Beck) Gutermann , Syn .: Crepis incarnata exchange non Vis. )
Yellow Frolich hawksbeard ( Crepis froelichiana Froelich subsp. Froelichiana )

Crepis fussii Kováts ex Janka

Crepis garnieri Petitm.

Crepis gaubae Bornm.

Crepis glandulosa bastard

Crepis gmelinii (L.) exchange

Crepis gossweileri S.Moore

Crepis granatensis (arbitrary) Blanca & Cueto : It occurs in Spain.

Crepis guioliana Babc. : It occurs in Greece.

Crepis hakkarica Lamond : It occurs in Turkey.

Crepis heldreichiana (Kuntze) Greuter : It occurs in Greece.

Crepis hellenica Kamari : The two subspecies occur in Greece and in the Aegean Sea.

Crepis helvetica Bruges

Crepis heterophylla Klatt

Crepis heterotricha DC.

Crepis heterotricha Froel.

Crepis hierosolymitana Boiss. : It occurs in Syria , Jordan , Lebanon and Israel .

Crepis himalaica Kitam.

Crepis hokkaidoensis Babc.

Crepis holubyana Domin

Crepis hookeriana ball : it occurs only in Morocco.

Crepis hypochaeridea (DC.) Thell.

Crepis incana Sm . : It occurs in Greece.

Crepis inopinata (Cufod.) N. Kilian & al.

Crepis insignis Babc. : It occurs in Syria.

Crepis intermedia A.Gray : It is widespread in Canada and the United States.

Crepis intermixta Rech. F.

Felsen-Pippau ( Crepis jacquinii Tausch ): It occurs in Central Europe and in Southeastern Europe. There are the subspecies:

Eastern rock debris Pippau ( Crepis jacquinii Tausch subsp. Jacquinii )
Western rock debris Pippau ( Crepis jacquinii subsp. Kerneri (Rech. F.) Merxm. )

Crepis juvenalis (Delile) FWSchultz (Syn .: Crepis tunetana Batt. ): It occurs in Tunisia.

Crepis karakuschensis Czerep. : This endemic occurs only in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic , which belongs to Azerbaijan.

Crepis kashmirica Babc.

Crepis khorassanica Boiss.

Crepis koelzii Babc.

Crepis kotschyana (Boiss.) Boiss. : It is common in West and Central Asia and from Turkey to Pakistan .

Crepis kurdica Rech. F.

Crepis lacera Ten. : It occurs in Italy and Albania .

Crepis laevigata Dumort.

Crepis lampsanoides (Gouan) exchange : It occurs in Portugal , Spain, Andorra and France.

Crepis lancifolia Greene

Crepis lechleri Sch.Bip.

Crepis leiocarpa (Sch.Bip.) Steud.

Italian Pippau ( Crepis leontodontoides All. ): It occurs in France, Corsica , Italy, Sicily as well as Sardinia and Albania.

Crepis libanotica Thiébaut ; It occurs in Turkey, Syria and Lebanon.

Crepis libyca (Pamp.) Babc. : It occurs in Libya and Egypt .

Crepis lignea (Vaniot) Babc. : It occurs in Laos, southern Vietnam, northern Thailand and the Chinese provinces of Guangxi , Guizhou , Sichuan and Yunnan. It is used as a medicinal plant.

Crepis litardierei Emb .: It occurs only in Morocco.

Crepis lomonosovae Tzvelev

Crepis lyrata (L.) Froel. : It occurs in central Russia, Kazakhstan and Xinjiang.

Crepis macedonica Kitanov : It occurs in Albania, Serbia and Macedonia.

Crepis macropus Boiss. & Hero. : It occurs in Turkey.

Crepis magellensis F.Conti & Uzunov : It was first described in 2011. This endemic thrives only on limestone near the summit area of the Majella Massif in Abruzzo in Italy.

Crepis marshallii (CAMey.) FWSchultz

Crepis merxmuelleri Kamari & Hartvig : It only occurs in Greece.

Crepis micrantha Czerep. : It occurs in Albania, Greece and the Crimea , in Egypt , West and Central Asia with the Caucasus region from Cyprus to Turkmenistan .

Crepis microtaraxaconoides P. Fourn . : It occurs in France.

Crepis mira (Pavlov) Sennikov

Crepis modocensis Greene : The four subspecies are common in western North America:

Crepis modocensis subsp. glareosa (Piper) Babcock & Stebbins : This endemic occurs only in Washington.
Crepis modocensis Greene subsp. modocensis : It is found in British Columbia , Washington, Oregon , Idaho , Wyoming , California , Colorado , Montana , Nevada, and Utah .
Crepis modocensis subsp. rostrata (Coville) Babc. & Stebbins : It occurs in British Columbia and Washington.
Crepis modocensis subsp. subacaulis (Kellogg) Babcock & Stebbins : It occurs in Oregon, Nevada, California and Montana.

Soft-haired Pippau ( Crepis mollis (Jacq.) Asch. ): It occurs in Europe. There are, for example, the subspecies:

Common soft-haired Pippau ( Crepis mollis (Jacq.) Asch. Subsp. Mollis )
Bitten soft-haired Pippau ( Crepis mollis subsp. Succisifolia (All.) Dostál ): It occurs in Italy, Switzerland, Germany , Austria, the Czech Republic , Poland and Slovakia .
Crepis mollis subsp. velenovskyi (Domin) Domin : This endemic occurs only in the Czech Republic .

Crepis monrealensis Pau : It occurs in Spain.

Crepis monticola Coville : It occurs in Oregon and California.

Crepis muhlisii Babc.

Crepis multicaulis Ledeb. (Syn .: Crepis multicaulis . Subsp congesta . (Regel & Herder) babc , Crepis multicaulis . Var congesta rule & Herder , Crepis multicaulis var. Laxa rule & Herder , Crepis multicaulis . Subsp subintegrifolia Tolmatchew & Rebrikova , Crepis stoliczkae C.B.Clarke ): It occurs in Northern Europe, Southwest Asia , Central and Southwestern Russia, Pakistan, Central Asia, Kashmir, Xinjiang, and Mongolia.

Crepis multiflora Sm .: It occurs in Greece, on Crete, on the islands of the Aegean Sea and in Asia Minor.

Crepis muretiana Bruges

Nodding Pippau ( Crepis neglecta L. ): It occurs in Italy, Sicily and the Balkan Peninsula and is a neophyte in other European countries.

Crepis nana Richardson (Syn .: Crepis nana var. Lyratifolia . (Turcz) Hultén , Crepis nana subsp. Ramosa babc. ): It comes aiatischen part of Russia, in Canada's Alberta , British Columbia , Newfoundland and Labrador , Northwest Territories , Nunavut , in the Yukon Territory and in the US states of Alaska , California, Colorado , Idaho , Montana , Nevada , Oregon , Utah , Washington and Wyoming .

Crepis naniforma Babc.

Crepis napifera (Franch.) Babc. : It thrives on mountain slopes and in forests in valleys at altitudes of 1400 to 3300 meters in the Chinese provinces of Guizhou, Sichuan and Yunnan.

Crepis neglecta L.

Crepis newii olive. & Here

Crepis nicaeensis Balb. ex pers. : It occurs in the Mediterranean area from Spain and France to the Balkan Peninsula .

Crepis nigrescens Pohle

Crepis nigricans Viv.

Crepis noronhaea Babc. : This endemic occurs only on Porto Santo .

Crepis novoana S. Ortiz & al. : It occurs in Spain.

Crepis occidentalis Nutt. : The four subspecies are distributed in western to central North America:

Crepis occidentalis subsp. conjuncta Babc. & Stebbins : It thrives at altitudes of 1,400 to 2,100 meters in Washington, Oregon, Wyoming, Montana, Colorado, and California.
Crepis occidentalis subsp. costata (A. Gray) Babc. & Stebbins : It thrives at altitudes of 1200 to 2500 meters in British Columbia, Saskachewan, and the western US states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming, Montana, Utah, Colorado, Nevada and California.
Crepis occidentalis Nutt. subsp. occidentalis : It thrives at altitudes of 1,000 to 2,200 meters in Alberta , British Columbia and Saskatchewan, Canada, and in the US states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming, Montana , Colorado , Utah, Nevada , California, Arizona and New Mexico .
Crepis occidentalis subsp. pumila (Rydb.) Babc. & Stebbins (Syn .: Crepis pumila Rydb. ): It thrives at altitudes of 800 to 1,800 meters in British Columbia and in the western US states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, Utah, Nevada and California.

Crepis oenipontana Murr

Crepis oporinoides Boiss. ex Froel. : It occurs in Spain.

Crepis oreades Schrenk (Syn .: Crepis oreades var. Cinerascens Fischer & CAMeyer ): It comes in Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan, Xinjiang and Qinghai ago.

Crepis palaestina (Boiss.) Bornm. : The range extends from Cyprus and Asia Minor to Syria and the area of Israel and Jordan .

Marsh pippau ( Crepis paludosa (L.) Moench )

Crepis paniculata C. Presl : This endemic occurs only in Sicily.

Pannonian Pippau ( Crepis pannonica (Jacq.) K.Koch ): It occurs on the Balkan Peninsula and in Asia Minor.

Crepis pantocsekii (Vis.) Latzel : It occurs in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Albania.

Crepis papposissima Babc.

Crepis patula Poir. : It occurs in Algeria and Tunisia.

Crepis phoenix Dunn : It thrives on mountain slopes at altitudes of around 2000 meters in Yunnan. It is used as a medicinal plant.

Crepis pleurocarpa A.Gray (Syn .: Crepis acuminata var. Pleurocarpa (A. Gray) Jepson , Crepis intermedia var. Pleurocarpa (A. Gray) A. Gray ): It grows at altitudes from 400 to 2200 meters in the western US States of Washington, Oregon, California, Idaho and Nevada.

Crepis polytricha (Ledeb.) Turcz.

Berg-Pippau ( Crepis pontana (L.) Dalla Torre , Syn. Crepis bocconei P.D.Sell nom. Illeg., Crepis montana exchange nom. Illeg., Crepis montana Rchb. )

Crepis porrifolia D.Don

Pippau bitten off ( Crepis praemorsa (L.) Walther )

Crepis pseudonaniforma C.Shih

Crepis pterothecoides Boiss. : It occurs in Syria, Lebanon and Israel.

Beautiful Pippau ( Crepis pulchra L. )

Crepis pulmonariifolia Froel. : It only occurs in Italy.

Crepis pungens Desf. ex pers.

Crepis purpurea (Willd.) M.Bieb. : It occurs in Turkey and the Crimea.

Crepis pusilla (Sommier) Merxm. : It occurs in Portugal, the Balearic Islands , Malta , Greece, Crete, the Aegean islands, Cyprus and Asia Minor.

Dwarf Pippau ( Crepis pygmaea L. ): It occurs in Spain, Andorra, France, Italy and Switzerland.

Cockwort Pippau ( Crepis pyrenaica (L.) Greuter , Syn .: Crepis Blattarioides (L.) Vill. )

Crepis quercifolia Bornm. & Gauba

Crepis racemosa swap

Crepis ramosissima d'Urv.

Crepis reuteriana Boiss. : It occurs in Greece, on the islands of the Aegean Sea, in European and Asian Turkey, in Cyprus, Syria, in Lebanon and in Israel.

Mane Pippau ( Crepis rhaetica Hegetschw. ): It occurs in France, Switzerland, Austria and Italy.

Crepis rigescens Diels (Syn .: Crepis rigescens subsp. Lignescens babc. ): It comes in the northern Myanmar before and in Sichuan and Yunnan.

Crepis robertioides Boiss. : It occurs in Syria and Lebanon.

Crepis rubra L .: The home is Italy, the Balkan Peninsula, Crete, on the islands of the Aegean and Asia Minor; in France and California it is a neophyte.

Crepis rueppellii Sch.Bip.

Crepis runcinata (E. James) Torr. & A.Gray : The seven subspecies common in North America:

Crepis runcinata subsp. andersonii (A. Gray) Babc. & Stebbins : It occurs in California and Nevada.
Crepis runcinata subsp. barberi (Greenman) Babc. & Stebbins : It occurs in the US states Arizona, Nevada and New Mexico and in the Mexican state Chihuahua .
Crepis runcinata subsp. glauca (Nuttall) Babc. & Stebbins : It is widespread in Alberta, Manitoba and Saskachewan, Canada and in the US states of Arizona, Colorado, Idaho , Montana , Nebraska , Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota , South Dakota , Texas , Utah and Wyoming .
Crepis runcinata subsp. hallii Babc. & Stebbins : It occurs in California and Nevada.
Crepis runcinata subsp. hispidulosa (Howell ex Rydb.) Babc. & Stebbins : It is found in Alberta, Canada, Saskachewan, and in the US states of Colorado, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Oregon , Utah, Washington and Wyoming.
Crepis runcinata subsp. imbricata Babcock & Stebbins : It occurs in Oregon and Nevada.
Crepis runcinata (E. James) Torr. & A.Gray subsp. runcinata : It is distributed in Altberta, British Columbia, Manitoba and Saskachewan, Canada, and in the US states of Washington, Colorado, Idaho, Minnesota , Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah and Wyoming.

Crepis sahendi Boiss. & Buhse

Crepis salzmannii Babc. : It occurs in Morocco and Algeria.

Crepis sancta (L.) Bornm. : There are about three subspecies; they occur in Central, South and Southeastern Europe as well as in Egypt and the Middle East:

Crepis sancta subsp. nemausensis (P. Fourn.) Babc. (Syn .: Crepis nemausensis Gouan )
Crepis sancta subsp. obovata (Boiss. & Noë) Babc.
Crepis sancta (L.) Bornm. subsp. sancta

Crepis schachtii Babc. : It occurs in Bulgaria.

Crepis schreberi Froel.

Crepis schultzii (Hochst. Ex A.Rich.) Hochst. ex Vatke

Crepis senecioides Delile

Bristle Pippau ( Crepis setosa Haller f. )

Crepis shihii Tzvelev (Syn .: Crepis integrifolia C. Shih non Vest ): It was first described in 2007 and is only known from the collection of types. "Grasslands at altitudes of 1,300 to 1,400 meters in the Altai in northern Xinjiang" were recorded as the locationon the herbarium .

Crepis sibirica L .: It iswidespreadin Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe and in Asia from the Caucasus and Central Asia to Siberia , China and Mongolia .

Crepis shawanensis C.Shih

Crepis shihii Tzvelev

Crepis sibirica L. (Syn .: Crepis ruprechtii Boiss. ): It iswidespreadfrom Eastern Europe through Kazakhstan , Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan to Russia and Mongolia as well as Inner Mongolia and the Chinese provinces of Heilongjiang , Liaoning and Xinjiang. spread.

Crepis sibthorpiana Boiss. & Hero. : This endemic occurs only in Crete.

Crepis sicula Ucria

Crepis silenifolia Froel.

Crepis simplex Froel.

Crepis smyrnaea DC. ex Froel. : It occurs in Greece and in the European and Asian parts of Turkey.

Crepis sodiroi Hieron.

Crepis sonchifolia (M.Bieb.) CAMey. : It occurs in the Caucasus region in Armenia , Azerbaijan and Georgia .

Crepis spinosissima Bellardi ex Colla

Crepis sprengelii Nicotra : It occurs in Italy and Sicily.

Crepis sprengeriana (L.) All.

Crepis stenotheca Walp.

Crepis stojanovii T.Georgiev : It occurs in Bulgaria and Turkey.

Crepis straussii Bornm.

Crepis suaveolens hoard. ex Colla

Crepis subscaposa Collett & Hemsl. : It occurs in northern Myanmar, northern Laos and Yunnan.

Crepis suffrenina (DC.) Steud. : It only occurs in France.

Crepis sulphurea Pourr. ex will. & Long

Crepis syriaca (Bornm.) Babc. & Navashin : It occurs in Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel and Jordan.

Crepis tatewakii Kudô

Dach-Pippau ( Crepis tectorum L. , Syn .: Crepis barckhausioides Rouy , Crepis campestris Schur , Crepis farinosa Lam. , Crepis integrifolia Vest , Crepis linearifolia St.-Lag. , Crepis muralis Salisb. , Crepis muralis Neck. Ex Steud. , Crepis murorum S.G.Gmel. , Crepis polymorpha Gilib. , Crepis segetalis Roth ex Steud. , Crepis stricta Schultz , Crepis tinctoria Dulac , Crepis varia Moench ): It is in Europe, Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang as well as Heilongjiang.

Crepis tenerrima (pig & ash) REFr.

Triglav-Pippau ( Crepis terglouensis (Hacq.) A. Kerner )

Crepis thompsonii Babc. : It is common in Afghanistan, Pakistan and India.

Crepis tianshanica C. Shih : This endemic thrives on mountain slopes at altitudes of around 2600 meters only in the Tian Shan in Xinjiang.

Crepis tingitana Ball : It occurs in Morocco and Spain.

Crepis triasii (Cambess.) Fr .: It occurs only in Mallorca and Menorca .

Crepis trichocephala (Krasch.) Krasch. ex VVNikitin

Crepis trichosticta Gand.

Crepis trichotoma Moench

Crepis tungusica T.V. Egorova & Sipliv.

Crepis turcica Degen & Bald. : It occurs in Albania and Greece.

Crepis turcomanica Krasch.

Crepis turicensis Bruges

Crepis tybakiensis Vierh. : This endemic occurs only in Crete.

Crepis urundica Babc.

Crepis vesicaria L .: There are about seven subspecies, including:

Löwenzahn-Pippau ( Crepis vesicaria subsp. Taraxacifolia (Thuill.) Thell. , Syn .: Crepis taraxacifolia Thuill. )
Crepis vesicaria L. subsp. vesicaria : It occurs in southern and central Europe , in North Africa and in Turkey.

Crepis viscidula Froel. : It occurs in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Romania, Albania, Macedonia and Greece.

Crepis willdenowii Czerep. : It occurs in Turkey, Armenia and Georgia.

Crepis willemetioides Boiss.

Crepis xylorrhiza Sch.Bip. ex Babc.

Zakynth-Pippau ( Crepis zacintha (L.) Loisel. , Syn .: Zacintha verrucosa (L.) Gaertn. , Lapsana zacintha L. ): It is widespread in southern, eastern and central Europe as well as western Asia and is a neophyte in Texas .

No longer belongs to the genus Crepis :

Bulbous goose thistle ( Sonchus bulbosus (L.) N. Kilian & Greuter , Syn .: Aetheorhiza bulbosa (L.) Cass. , Crepis bulbosa (L.) Tausch , Crepis montana (Willk.) Marès & Vigin. Non Bernh. , Crepis willkommii Burnat & Barbey ) ( New combination by N. Kilian and W. Greuter: The Euro + Med treatment of Cichorieae (Compositae) - generic concepts and required new names. In: Willdenowia , Volume 33, 2003. Sonchus from page 237. Full text -PDF. ): There are three subspecies.

swell

David J. Bogler: Crepis. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 19: Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 6: Asteraceae, part 1 (Mutisieae – Anthemideae). Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2006, ISBN 0-19-530563-9 , pp. 222 (English, online ). (engl.).
Peter Derek Sell: Crepis L. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae) . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1976, ISBN 0-521-08717-1 , pp. 344–357 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
Werner Greuter, Eckhard von Raab-Straube (eds.): Med-Checklist. A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum-Mediterranean countries . Vol. 2: Dicotyledones (Compositae) . Organization for the Phyto-Taxonomic Investigation of the Mediterranean Area (OPTIMA), Genève 2008, ISBN 978-2-8279-0011-4 , pp. 179-195 .
Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (= Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
David Aeschimann, Konrad Lauber, Daniel Martin Moser, Jean-Paul Theurillat: Flora alpina. An atlas of all 4500 vascular plants in the Alps. Volume 2. Haupt, Bern / Stuttgart / Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-258-06600-0 , pp. 668–683.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao N. Kilian, R. Hand, E. von Raab-Straube (Ed.) 2009+: Crepis. In: Cichorieae Systematics Portal.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo Werner Greuter : Compositae (pro parte majore) : In: Werner Greuter, Eckhard von Raab-Straube (ed.): Compositae. : Crepis. In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2006–2009.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by ^bz ^ca ^cb ^cc ^cd ^ce ^cf ^cg ^ch ^ci ^cj ^ck ^cl ^cm ^cn ^co ^cp ^cq ^cr ^cs ^ct ^cu ^cv ^cw ^cx ^cy ^cz ^da ^db ^dc ^dd ^de ^df ^dg ^dh ^di ^dj ^dk ^dl ^dm ^dn ^do ^dp ^dq ^dr ^ds ^dt ^du ^dv ^dw ^dx ^dy ^dz ^ea ^eb ^ec ^ed ^ee ^ef ^eg ^eh ^ei ^ej ^ek ^el ^em ^en ^eo ^ep ^eq ^er ^es ^et ^eu ^ev ^ew ^ex ^ey ^ez ^fa ^fb ^fc ^fd ^fe ^ff ^fg ^fh ^fi ^fj ^fk ^fl ^fm ^fn ^fo ^fp ^fq ^fr ^fs ^ft ^fu ^fv ^fw ^fx ^fy ^fz ^ga Christiana Flann (ed.), 2009+: Crepis at Global Compositae Checklist .
↑ Neela Enke, Birgit Gemeinholzer: Babcock revisited: new insights into generic delimitation and character evolution in Crepis L. (Compositae: Cichorieae) from ITS and matK sequence data. In: Taxon , Volume 57, Issue 3, 2008, pp. 756-768. on-line.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s Zhu Shi & Norbert Kilian: Crepis Linnaeus. - Same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Ed.): Flora of China. Volume 20-21: Asteraceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2010.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Theodore M. Barkley, Luc Brouillet, John L. Strother: Asteraceae, tribe Cichorieae. : David J. Bogler: Crepis Linnaeus. - Same text online as the printed work , In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 19: Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 6: Asteraceae, part 1 (Mutisieae – Anthemideae). Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2006, ISBN 0-19-530563-9 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v Crepis in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag Werner Greuter, Eckhard von Raab-Straube (ed.): Med-Checklist . A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum-Mediterranean countries . Vol. 2: Dicotyledones (Compositae) . Organization for the Phyto-Taxonomic Investigation of the Mediterranean Area (OPTIMA), Genève 2008, ISBN 978-2-8279-0011-4 , pp. 179-195 .
Jump up ↑ Fabio Conti, Dimitar Uzunov: Crepis Magellensis F. Conti & Uzunov (Asteraceae), a New Species from Central Apennine (Abruzzo, Italy). In: Candollea , Volume 66, Issue 1, 2011, pp. 81-87. doi : 10.15553 / c2011v661a5

Web links

Commons : Pippau ( Crepis ) - album with pictures, videos and audio files

The species occurring in Austria with links to profiles.