Pirminius
Pirminius , originally Primenius or Priminius or Pirmin , (* around 670; † November 3, 753 in Hornbach Monastery ) was a monastery founder and is venerated as a saint .
His Protestant, Roman Catholic and Orthodox Memorial Day is the day of his death, November 3rd.
Life
Its origin is uncertain. In history, Ireland, southwest Gaul and Paris are discussed as homeland. The doctrine of the peregrinatio , which is demonstrably represented by Pirminius, speaks for an Irish origin . Saint Pirminius is considered the messenger of faith of the Irish Scottish mission in southwest Germany and in Alsace. He is one of the wandering monks who proclaimed the Christian faith and reorganized church life in the Frankish Empire, which was steeped in paganism for a long time after the migration period . He acts on behalf of the Carolingians , especially the house manger Karl Martell .
Characteristic of his work was the founding of monasteries, to which he gave the rule of the order of St. Benedict of Nursia and which became centers of the preaching of the faith in the respective region. Pirminius is considered to be the forerunner of the Reformed Abbot Benedict von Aniane , who in 817 made all the monasteries of the Frankish Empire subject to the Benedictine observance.
In 724 he founded the Mittelzell monastery on the Bodensee island of Reichenau . Several monasteries between the Black Forest and the Vosges followed , including Gengenbach , Murbach , Weißenburg , Maursmünster and Neuweiler . Around 730 he built the first church in the Murrhardt district . He renewed the Schuttern monastery . His last monastery was founded around 741 at Hornbach Monastery in the south-west of Palatinate.
There he died on November 3rd - probably in 753 - and was buried. When the Hornbach monastery was abolished during the Reformation , the last Hornbach abbot, Count Anton von Salm , saved St. Pirmin's bones to Speyer in 1558 . From there, the former President of the Imperial Court of Justice and governor of Tyrol , Count Schweikhard von Helfenstein , took it to his residence in Innsbruck in 1575 . Here they are today in a modern shrine in the Innsbruck Jesuit Church . After the Hornbach grave was rediscovered in 1953, some of the relics were returned. Today they are kept in Hornbach , Speyer and Pirmasens .
At the end of the eighth century, Pirminius was referred to in a Metz manuscript as "Sanctus", a saint.
Adoration
He is the patron saint of the Palatinate , Alsace , the island of Reichenau and the patron saint of Innsbruck and Pirmasens . His intercession is invoked for a happy birth. He should also help against snakes and the plague.
Patronage:
More: The St. Pirmin seminar in Sasbach, the St. Pirmin student home , a boarding school for boys in Dahn, were named after the saint, as was the former mother-child therapy center St. Pirmin in Dahn. The Pirminius workshops in Pirmasens, a facility for disabled employees of the Heinrich Kimmle Foundation , as well as the Pirminius residential complex and the Pirminius School in Pirmasens also bear his name .
The name of the town of Pirmasens is derived from him, as well as possibly that of the town of Bierbach . The first name is Pirmin , the family name is Pirmann , Pfirrmann u. Ä. before.
Works
- Scarapsus. In: Ursmar Engelmann : Saint Pirmin and his little pastoral book (= Reichenau library. Vol. 1). Introduced and translated into German. 2nd, revised edition. Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1976, ISBN 3-7995-3501-2 .
- Scarapsus (= Monumenta Germaniae Historica . Sources on the intellectual history of the Middle Ages. Vol. 25). Edited by Eckhard Hauswald. Hahn, Hannover 2010, ISBN 978-3-7752-1025-6 (also: Konstanz, University, dissertation, 2005/2006).
literature
- Hans Ammerich : St. Pirminius (= The Diocese of Speyer and its history. Vol. 5). Sadifa Media, Kehl am Rhein 2002, ISBN 3-88786-183-3 .
- Arnold Angenendt : Monachi Peregrini. Studies on Pirmin and the monastic ideas of the early Middle Ages (= Münstersche Medieval Writings. Vol. 6). Fink, Munich 1972, ISBN 3-7705-0605-7 (also: Münster, Universität, Dissertation, 1969).
- Arnold Angenendt : Pirmin. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-428-00201-6 , p. 477 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Richard Antoni: Life and Deeds of Bishop Pirmin. The Carolingian Vita (= Reichenau texts and images. Vol. 9). 2nd, expanded edition. Mattes, Heidelberg 2005, ISBN 3-930978-82-2 .
- Adriaan Breukelaar: PIRMIN (Permin (i) us, Primenus). In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 7, Bautz, Herzberg 1994, ISBN 3-88309-048-4 , Sp. 634-637.
- Ursmar Engelmann: Pirminius: monk, bishop and missionary. In: Benedictine Monthly. Vol. 29, 1953, ISSN 0930-4924 , pp. 452-459.
- Michael Görringer: Pirminius. History of the left bank of the Rhine, especially the Bavarian Palatinate, from the earliest times to Charlemagne; especially the introduction and gradual spread of Christianity in this area. Wahrburg, Zweibrücken 1841, digitized .
- Clemens Jöckle : The great lexicon of saints. Special edition. Parkland, Cologne 2003, ISBN 3-89340-045-1 , p. 374 f.
- Wilhelm Wiegand : Pirmin von Reichenau . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 26, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1888, p. 179.
Web links
- Literature by and about Pirminius in the catalog of the German National Library
- Pirminius in the repertory "Historical Sources of the German Middle Ages"
- Werner Vogler: Pirmin. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Hans Ammerich : Pirminius. 1,250 years ago: Pirmin, the Palatine messenger of faith, died in Hornbach. District Association of the Palatinate
- ↑ a b c Pia Heberer: The Hornbach monastery in the Palatinate. Building history and sacral topography (= research on Palatine archeology. Vol. 3). General Directorate for Cultural Heritage - Regional Archeology Directorate - Speyer branch, Speyer 2010, ISBN 978-3-936113-02-0 , p. 11, (also: Tübingen, University, dissertation, 2007).
- ↑ Website with information on the Pirminius relics in Innsbruck
- ↑ pirmasens.de
predecessor | Office | successor |
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Abbot of Reichenau 724–727 |
Heddo |
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Pirminius |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Monastery founder and saint |
DATE OF BIRTH | around 670 |
DATE OF DEATH | November 3, 753 |
Place of death | Hornbach Monastery |