19 e régiment d'infantry

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Régiment de Lesdiguières
Régiment de Flandre
19 e regiment d'infanterie

Insigne du 19e RI (Divisionnaire) LA VAGUE S'Y BRISE.jpg

Internal association badge
active 1597 to May 31, 1998
Country Blason France modern.svg France
Armed forces Flag of France.svg French armed forces
Armed forces Flag of France.svg Armée française de terre
Branch of service infantry
Type Regiment d'infanterie mechanisée
Insinuation 2nd division blindée (2nd armored division)
Location Brest
Nickname l'invicible (The Invincible)
motto La vague s'y breeze
Awards Fourragere in the colors of the Médaille militaire and the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with four palm branches

The 19th e régiment d'infanterie , set up as the Régiment de Lesdiguières , belonged to the former regiments of the French army ( Armée française ). The regiment, sometimes also called de Sault , was said to be: "Gardez-vous du feu, de l'eau et du régiment de Saulx" (Beware of the fire, the water and the Régiment de Sault).

Between 1616 and 1635, some new regiments were given permanent status. These were the so-called petits vieux , the "little old ones". There were:

Regiment de Bourbonnais ,
Regiment de Bèarn ,
Regiment d'Auvergne ,
Regiment de Flandre ,
Régiment de Guyenne ,
Regiment du Roi .

Lineup and significant changes

  • 1597: Established as the Régiment de Lesdiguières
  • August 16, 1597: renamed: Régiment de Sault
  • November 14, 1691: Three companies had to be surrendered to form the Régiment de Chartres .
  • October 17, 1703: renamed: Régiment de Tessé .
  • July 7, 1732: renamed: Régiment de Tallard .
  • October 8, 1739: renamed: Régiment de Monaco .
  • February 1, 1749: renamed: Régiment de Belsunce .
  • February 20, 1761: renamed: Régiment de Rougé .
  • December 10, 1763: renamed: Régiment de Flandre .
  • December 10, 1776: the Régiment de Cambrésis is formed from two battalions of the regiment .
  • January 1, 1791: renamed: 19 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne
  • 1793 First army reform The regiment was than 1 he bataillon "ex Flandre 'to 37 e demi-brigade de Bataille and 2 e bataillon" ex Flandre' to 38 e demi-brigade de Bataille off. This ends the regimental association and the line of tradition
  • 1803: Renaming of the "19 e demi-brigade d'infanterie de ligne" to 19 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne (de facto continuation of the regiment tradition)
  • 1815: released
  • 1816: Re-establishment as Légion des Hautes-Alpes
  • 1854: renamed: 19 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne
  • 1882: renamed: 19e e régiment d'infanterie
  • 1914: During the mobilization, the regular reserve regiment , the 219 e régiment d'infanterie, was set up
  • 1920: dissolved
  • 1939: On September 2, the 19 e RI was reactivated in Landerneau and put into service on September 5.
  • 1940: Smashed by enemy action
  • 1964: On June 11th as a cadre regiment of the Terriotal Defense in Brest re-established (19 e régiment d'infanterie de défense)
  • 1979: Conversion into an active regiment
  • 1998: dissolution

Mestres de camp / Colonels

Mestre de camp was from 1569 to 1661 and from 1730 to 1780 the denomination of rank for the regiment holder and / or for the officer in charge of the regiment. The name "Colonel" was used from 1721 to 1730, from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803 onwards.

After 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

Should the Mestre de camp / Colonel be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (such as the king or queen), the command was given to the "Mestre de camp lieutenant" (or “Mestre de camp en second”) or the “Colonel-lieutenant” or “Colonel en second”.

  • June 23, 1767: Colonel Joseph Anne Maximilien de Croÿ d'Havré
  • June 29, 1792: Colonel Charles Joseph Leyris Desponchès
  • (...)
  • April 13, 1809: Colonel Joseph-Emmanuel Aubry
  • Colonel Joseph de Brauer. In 1858, before the start of the Sardinian War , he became the regiment's commander. Grand-officier of the Légion d'honneur , he died on July 3, 1887 on his estate Urcel in the Aisne department
  • 1870 -?: Colonel de Launay

(...)

Uniforms of the Ancien Régimen

  • Flag of the Rég Lesdiquières and all subsequent associations

  • Rég Tallard 1720

  • Rég Monaco 1734

  • Rég Belsunce 1757

  • Rég Flandre 1762

  • Rég Flandre 1776–1779

  • Rég Flandre 1779–1791

  • 19e e regiment d'infanterie de ligne 1791 - 1792

  • 19 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne 1792 - 1794

Mission history

Eighth Huguenot War

Franco-Savoy War (1600–1601)

  • 1600: Siege and capture of Montmélian (Savoy), capture of Conflans, capture of Charbonnières, siege of Chambéry , capture of Miolans

War of the Mantuan Succession

1625: Verrue
1629: Battle of the Pas de Suze

Franco-Spanish War (1635-1659)

Dutch War

1672: Crossing over the Rhine
1678: Siege of Puigcerdà

War of the Palatinate Succession

  • 1688: Siege of Philippsburg
  • 1693: La Marsaille
  • 1694: the regiment was assigned to the army in Catalonia and took part in the battle near Ter and the capture of Girone, Palamos, Hostalrich and Castelfollit. The following year it defended Palamos and d'Hostalrich and distinguished itself in the relief of Castelfollit, where it, together with the Régiment de Touraine, attacked the Spanish trenches.
  • 1697: Barcelona

War of the Spanish Succession

War of the Austrian Succession

Seven Years War

Wars of Revolution and Empire

During the uprising, the "Régiment de Flandre" was deployed on October 5 and 6, 1789 to protect the Palace of Versailles . This happened at the request of King Louis XVI. who feared for his own safety and that of the royal family.

Between 1794 and 1804 there was no regiment with the number 19

1815-1848

The 19 e RI was the brigade Aulard , Division Donzelot in one e Corps Drouet d'Erlon allocated. Two battalions with a total of 1,055 men left Douai on June 10, 1815 under the command of Colonel Jean Aimable Trupel. After receiving the eagles on June 12 in Valenciennes, the unit crossed the Sambre on June 15 and moved into a bivouac south of Mont St. Jean on June 15 . The regiment fought in the Battle of Waterloo on June 17th and withdrew to St. Maixent from June 18th via Charleroi , Solre sur Sambre, Laon , Compiègne , Senlis and Paris . Between September 16 and 24, it was disbanded in Ribérac according to the orders of July 15. These orders also determined that the imperial regiments should be replaced by "Légions départementales" (Département legions). The «Légion des Hautes-Alpes» was set up in Gap from the remains of the regiment .
French invasion of Spain : the regiment was in Barcelona
Belgian Revolution - Siege of Antwerp

Crimean War

Franco-German War

  • 1870: On July 15, war was declared on Germany. The regiment left Paris with a total strength of 1642 men, divided into three battalions. It was the "Brigade Nayral" in the "Division Castagny" in the "three e commanded Corps" the "Armée de Metz". On August 14, participating in the Battle of Colombey . The fortress of Metz surrendered on 28 October. After his move to the Garde Impériale , Colonel Launay was replaced by Colonel Bréard.

On August 16, 1870, a fourth battalion was formed, the majority of which consisted of replacement. This battalion was then called in after leaving the recruit depot to set up the "6e régiment de marche" (6th marching regiment). It was assigned to the “1re brigade” of the “1re division” in the “13e corps d'armée”.

On September 21, the regiment of Alençon was relocated first to Rennes and then to Laval , where on October 7 it set up the marching battalion of the 19 e RI, assigned to the "2e e Armée" (Armée de la Loire) and in the Camp d'Yvré-L'Évêque was relocated.

  • 1871: During the "19 e battalion de marche" in the fighting of the "Armée de la Loire" at Mans participated, the recruit depot Laval left to January 17 after Landerneau and then to Brest to install.

1871-1914

In the years 1881–1886 the regiment was deployed in Tunisia

First World War

The regiment was brought to war in Brest. The commanding officer was Colonel Chapès.

At the beginning of the war it was composed almost exclusively of Bretons , but this decreased to a third in the course of the war. The remaining Bretons, however, continued to embody the tradition and quality of Brittany in the regiment.

The "19 e RI" was assigned to the "22 e Division d'infanterie" (Général Pambet) in the "11 e Corps" (Général Eydoux).

1914

1915

1916

1917

  • Position battles at Mesnil-les-Hurlus, Laffaux and Fayet-St-Quentin
In May the regiment was involved in mutinies within the French army.

1918

The "19th e régiment d 'infanterie" was the last unit to be informed of the armistice.

In Maissin (Belgium) there is a memorial of the regiment whose eternal flame was rekindled by a veteran every year on November 11th until 1998.

From 1914 to 1918 the regiment had more than 2,830 dead

1920

resolution

Second World War

  • 1939: On September 5, the regiment was put into a state of war by the "Center de mobilization d infanterie 114" (CMI 114 - Infantry Mobilization Center) in Landerneau under the command of Commandant Bretillon. It was assigned to the "22 e division d'infanterie" and occupied the defense lines in front of Waldweistroff in the Thionville region on December 25, 1939 and remained there until the end of February 1940.
  • 1940: The regiment was moved first to the Ardennes and then, during the German offensive from March 15 to May 10, to the Givet sector . The unit occupied an eight-kilometer line on the Belgian border between Bac du Prince and Boucle de Waulsort. On May 14th the German attack hit the defensive positions, whereupon the regiment withdrew via Couvin to the Forêt de St-Michel. In this retreat, it was completely wiped out.

The regiment's flag was burned during these events on May 19th to prevent it from falling into the hands of the enemy.

After 1945

On June 11, 1964, it was re-established in Brest as a cadre association of the Défense opérationnelle du Territoire (DOT) (territorial defense ) under the name 19 e régiment d'infanterie de défense - 19 e RID . In 1979 it was converted into an active regiment and got its old name back. In 1998 it was finally dissolved.

Regimental flag

1940 burned regiment flag

On the back of the regimental flag (since Napoleonic times) the campaigns and battles in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters.

  • Valmy 1792
  • Jemappes 1792
  • Heliopolis 1800
  • Wagram 1809
  • Sébastopol 1854-55
  • Belgique 1914
  • Champagne 1915
  • L'Avre 1918
  • Somme-Py 1918

Awards

  • Fourragère of the Médaille Militaire.

  • Fourragère des Croix de guerre 1914–1918.

  • Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with four palm branches

The flag ribbon is with the:

  • Croix de guerre 1914-1918 with four palm branches for honorable mentions in the army report,
  • the Fourragère in the colors of the Médaille militaire - awarded on April 17, 1919,
  • the Fourragère decorated in the colors of the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 - awarded on December 9, 1917.

Association badge

Designed by the Caporal Ducrocq, it shows the coast of Brittany with a wayside shrine on a rock that defies the onslaught of the waves. It is said to represent the tenacity of Brittany and its people.

Motto

La vague s'y brise
(Where the wave breaks)

literature

  • Ouvrage by Marcel FLOC'H "La Longue Marche du 19e RI de Brest pendant la Première Guerre mondiale" tome I et II - Amicale du 19e de Ligne
  • À partir du Recueil d'Historiques de l'Infanterie Française (Général Andolenko - Eurimprim 1969)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "petits vieux"
  2. ↑ which had nothing to do with the former 19th e regiment d'infanterie
  3. ↑ the imperial eagle, a troop symbol of the Napoleonic army. Made of gilded sheet metal and carried on a pole next to the tricolor. Derived from the eagles of the Roman legions
  4. ^ "Opération du 13e corps d'armée et de la 3e armée durant le Siège de Paris (1870)" par le général Vinoy, pp. 7/15.
  5. ^ The day of the armistice
  6. ↑ «  Décision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT du 14 September 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées, Bulletin officiel des armées, n ° 27, 9 November 2007  »(German:“ Provision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 on the appearance of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the Troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply branch. Published with the official army bulletin No. 27 of November 9, 2007 ")
  7. ↑ "  Arrêté relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription AFN 1952–1962 sur les drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services, du 19 novembre 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie  " (German: "Order AFN 1952–1962 on the assignment of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the formations of the army and the services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie ")
  8. ↑ This also applies to units that have already been disbanded, as they can (theoretically) be put back into active service at any time
  9. ↑ Par application des prescriptions de la circulaire n.2156 “F” du 22 février 1918, le maréchal de France commandant en chef des armées françaises de l'est a décidé que le 19e RI aurait le droit au port de la fourragère aux couleurs de ruban de la Médaille militaire. Ordre n.151 «F» IG n.1176 du 17 avril 1919 du maréchal commandant en chef des armées françaises de l'est P.Pétain. (In application of the provisions of Circular No. 2156 "F" of February 22, 1918, the commander-in-chief of the French troops in the East decides to grant the 19th RI the right to lead the Fourragère of the Médaille militaire. Order No. 151 "F" IG No. 1176 of April 17, 1919 by the commander-in-chief of the French troops in the east , P.Pétain ' ) Note: The Militaire Medal was awarded after it was mentioned four times in the army report
  10. ↑ The commander in chief granted the 19th RI the right to wear the Fourragère in the colors of the Croix de guerre after two honorable mentions in the army report for its meritorious attitude towards the enemy. (Ordre général n.71 "F" du 9 décembre 1917 général en chef Pétain - General order nr. 71 "F" of December 9, 1917. The commander-in-chief 'Petain' ).

Web links

Commons : Flags of the 19 ° regiment d'infanterie  - Collection of images, videos and audio files