Renutet
| Renutet in hieroglyphics | |||||||||
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Renutet Rnwtt The nourishing |
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1-nu-schemu 1-nw-šmw First month of the Schemu period |
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Wepet-em-asech-ati Wpt-m-3sḫ-jtj Start of the barley harvest |
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Renutet (“The Nourishing”) referred to the beginning harvest time and the first month of the Schemu period as the “nourishing month” in the Egyptian calendar . From the predynastic period to the end of the Middle Kingdom, Renutet originally represented the ninth month of the Sothis calendar from the beginning of February to the beginning of March .
history
Alan Gardiner as well as Richard-Anthony Parker suspect that Renutet changed the year form in the course of calendar history, which is why Renutet was postponed to the eighth month at the latest from the New Kingdom .
In the Ebers calendar around 1517 BC Renutet was on the third month of Peret and dated from February 14 to March 15 ( Elephantine ) and from February 19 to March 20 ( Memphis ).
meaning
Renutet or Renenutet was known as the "mistress of the barn", "mistress of the fruiting land" and "mistress of the harvest blessing". During the harvest, the Egyptians made their sacrifice. Steles in granaries and on the edges of the fields are evidence of this cult. The Renenutet festival was later celebrated on the 27th Pharmouthi , the "day of the measurement of barley "; in the Theban calendar on 1st Pachon . In her function as the goddess of fertility, she is also documented for the “emergence of flax”. Therefore, she was also considered to be the “mistress of the robes” and “head of the dressing room in the temple”, since the gods were dressed in a “robe of reindeer”. The harvest time of the barley is set in the records of the solar sanctuary of Niuserre for the months of February and March.
Name change
The name of the first Schemu month later changed to Pachon .
See also
literature
- Rolf Krauss : Sothis and moon dates: studies on the astronomical and technical chronology of ancient Egypt. Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1985, ISBN 3-8067-8086-X
- Richard-Anthony Parker : The calendars of ancient Egypt. Chicago Press, Chicago 1950.
- Siegfried Schott : Ancient Egyptian festival dates. Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences and Literature, Mainz / Wiesbaden 1950.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Elmar Edel : On the inscriptions on the seasonal reliefs of the "World Chamber" from the sun sanctuary of Niuserre, part 2. In: Nachrichten der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Göttingen, No. 5. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1964, p. 200.