Gym wheel
The Rhönrad is a sports device , consisting of two tires by six sprouts - simple two rods (Spreizsprossen), two handle sprouts and sprouts two board - are interconnected. The diameter of the wheel varies depending on the size of the gymnast, so that the gymnast can stand almost stretched out on the boards and hold on to the handles. Leather or fabric loops, so-called bindings, can be attached to the boards, in which the gymnast can clamp himself on with his feet. There are wheels from 130 to 245 cm in diameter. The wheels weigh between 40 and 60 kg. They are available in different thicknesses and in different colors.
history
Otto Feick , the son of a blacksmith, rolled down the mountain in two connected wagon tires in Reichenbach (Palatinate) in front of his grandfather's forge. During his imprisonment in 1921 in the military prison in French-occupied Mainz, he remembered the experiments in his childhood and developed the basic concept for the sports equipment. Soon he was released from prison and built it in Ludwigshafen am Rhein . A first photo was also taken on the grounds of the Volksgesundheit eV (now VSK Germania Niederfeld 1919 eV ), which he co-founded in 1919 , the one that was later used for the patent application. The first rolling tests took place on the meadows on the small Blies in Ludwigshafen-Gartenstadt .
In 1923 Feick and many other railroad workers were expelled from the Palatinate by the French occupiers and moved to his wife's home in Schönau ad Brend in the Bavarian Rhön , where he opened a metalworking workshop. From there he applied for a patent for the 'tire, gymnastics and sports equipment' in 1925, which was issued to him on November 8, 1925 under number 442057. He did not protect the name 'Rhönrad' until 1926. At the beginning of 1926 he demonstrated the gymnastics wheel at the German University for Physical Education in the Sportforum Berlin. He also presented it at an inventors and innovations fair in 1926 in Ebertpark in Ludwigshafen.
In Würzburg, he put together a model group with athletes from the railway gymnastics and sports associations, with whom he presented the bike. In 1927 Feick was invited to England to demonstrate the gym wheel on the largest stages in London and in front of English airmen. He presented it in France in 1928, then toured Europe, and in 1929 made his first trip to the United States. He also contacted schools, some of which incorporated the gym wheel into physical education. The first competitions are also held at these times, with races, jumping competitions and obstacle races on the program, but also compulsory and freestyle exercises in spiral and straight gymnastics.
In Austria, according to a few newspaper reports since 1926, it was presented on October 7, 1928 at the Austria-Hungary football match. Before the game and during the breaks, there were gym wheel demonstrations, and it was the first football game in Austria to be broadcast live on the radio. At that time it was already better known in England and was shown there in variety shows, as in Berlin.
The American film Dynamit from 1929 (German premiere : autumn 1930, Austria: spring 1931) shows a gym wheel race contested by women, in which the main character wins. The first international wheel tournament took place in Bad Kissingen at the beginning of August 1930 . At the Berlin summer show Sun, Air and House in July 1932, Germany's first national gym bike tournament took place.
At the Olympic Games in 1936 , this sport was demonstrated by 120 gymnasts, but it was not an Olympic discipline. In the last years of the war, the gymnastics sport came to a complete standstill, and interest abroad also stagnated, to which the German origin also contributed.
After the war, construction began very slowly, with the first beginnings again being made in Berlin and Würzburg. It was presented as a competition at the 1958 German Gymnastics Festival in Munich. Gymnastics was first included in the regional gymnastics associations and in 1959 in the German Gymnastics Federation . In 1960 the first German championships took place in Hanover and in 1961 the first German club team championships. Otto Feick did not experience full recognition because he died in 1959. A plastic coating was introduced on the steel tires. This made it possible to work in halls without damaging the floors. As a result, the rolling motion slowed down and the unevenness of the ground fell away, which meant that more difficult exercises could be performed and the exact execution gained more weight in the assessment.
The Gymnaestrada in Zurich in 1982 and in Herning , Denmark in 1987 laid the foundation for international gymnastics. The contacts led to the hosting of the first European Cup in gymnastics in Taunusstein in 1990 and one in Cosenza / Italy in 1991 . In 1992 the first European championship was held in Liestal , Switzerland. In 1995 the International Gymnastics Association (IRV) was founded and the 1st World Gymnastics Championships were held in Den Helder (Netherlands).
The IRV organizes the World Championships and the World Team Cup every two years.
Disciplines
There are three individual disciplines :
- When doing straight gymnastics , the bike rolls over an area of 23 by 3 meters on both tires and freestyle exercises are pre- gymnastics. In some cases, elements from high-bar or bar gymnastics are used. There are exercises that can be done with the help of both, one or no ties. In the national class, the freestyle is based on 10.80 points, 4.80 points of which correspond to difficulty, 1.00 point to structure and 5.00 points to execution. In the federal class, the maximum difficulty is 6.60 points, so the final score can be up to 12.60 points. In the adult area of the federal class, straight gymnastics is performed to music, similar to figure skating. It is important that the gymnasts perform their elements according to the music and set appropriate accents. A maximum of 13.00 points are possible in the music freestyle.
- In spiral gymnastics, the wheel moves on one of the tires, it makes a plate like a coin. In the large spiral the wheel has an inclination angle of 60 degrees, in the small spiral it is less than 30 degrees. The gymnast tries to keep the bike at the correct height by shifting his weight and pulling his arm and after 3–5 seconds in the small spiral to bring the bike back to a standstill.
- The jump is performed by the male and since 1999 also by the female gymnasts. The wheel is pushed with momentum. The gymnast runs behind the bike in the climbing run and lets himself be pulled onto the bike by the momentum. From the straddle, crouch or standing position, he then takes a jump onto a mat. This can e.g. B. be a stretch jump, straddle jump, rollover or somersault.
There are also the disciplines of partner gymnastics , synchronized gymnastics and partner spiral for couples . However, these disciplines are not part of the international competition program.
In the competitions , the execution, the level of difficulty and the presence of mandatory elements, the so-called structure, are assessed.
The Cyr Wheel has also been anchored in competition for a number of years . In 2013, world championships in this discipline were held for the first time.
World championships
World Champion
Men
Women
team
| year | team | Members | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | I. | - | |
| 1997 | II | - | |
| 1999 | III |
 Germany
|
Katja Homeyer, Ines Meurer, Janin Oer, Maike Klatte, Wolfgang Bientzle, Nico Budniok |
| 2001 | IV |
Germany
|
Julia Pohling, Janin Oer, Ursula Kömen, Jan Schäfer, Julius Petri, Constantin Malchin |
| 2003 | V |
Germany
|
Jan Schäfer, Julia Pohling, Janin Oer, Constantin Malchin, Holger Schneider, Julius Petri |
| 2005 | VI |
Germany
|
Nadine Burkhard, Katrin Schwaben, Janin Oer, Julius Petri, Achus Emeis, Constantin Malchin |
| 2007 | VII |
Germany
|
Janin Oer, Julius Petri, Achus Emeis, Constantin Malchin, Sabine Bierfreund, Christoph Clausen |
| 2009 | VIII |
Germany
|
Jenny Hoffmann, Julia Pohling, Constantin Malchin, Robert Maaser, Simon Knapp, Christoph Clausen |
| 2011 | IX |
Germany
|
Jenny Hoffmann, Svenja Trepte, Laura Stullich, Kathrin Schad, Robert Maaser, Christoph Clausen |
| 2013 | X |
Germany
|
Svenja Trepte, Christoph Clausen, Riccarda Vogel, Kathrin Schad, Sarah Metz, Laura Stullich |
| 2015 | XI |
Germany
|
Yana Looft, Marcel Schawo, Sarah Metz, Lilia Lessel, Jasmin Schönbach, Dirk Wünsch |
Nations ranking
| rank | nation | title |
|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Germany
|
73 |
| 2 |
 Japan
|
10 |
| 3 |
 Netherlands
|
3 |
| 4th |
 Norway
|
2 |
 Switzerland
|
2 | |
| 6th |
;_Flag_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro_(2003%E2%80%932006).svg){kind=small} Yugoslavia
|
1 |
See also
Web links
- "Everything about wheel gymnastics" at gym-wheel.de
- official website of the TK wheel gymnastics in the German Gymnastics Federation
swell
- ↑ Sports and games - who invented the gym wheel? In: Bregenzer Tagblatt / Vorarlberger Tagblatt , April 2, 1931, p. 7 (online at ANNO ).
- ↑ a b Memorial plaque on the house where the gymnastics wheel inventor Otto Feick was born . In: Pfalzsport . No. 1 , 2012 ( press archive VSK Germania Niederfeld (PDF) [accessed on February 16, 2016]).
- ↑ What does the VSK have to do with the gym wheel? (No longer available online.) In: VSK Germania Niederfeld 1919 eV April 29, 2007, archived from the original on February 16, 2016 ; accessed on February 16, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Die Rheinpfalz, issue no.192 from August 18, 2012.
- ↑ Calendar sheet: November 8, 1925. The right twist. In: Spiegel Online / EineTages / Kalenderblatt. November 7, 2007, accessed February 16, 2016 .
- ↑ A. Kaufmann: All about the gym wheel - on the 50th anniversary of Otto Feick's death. In: Sportbund Pfalz. October 13, 2009, accessed February 16, 2016 .
- ↑ a b c Monika Engelmeier: Exercise wheel gymnastics - history of the exercise wheel. (No longer available online.) In: TV Bredeney. December 27, 2015, archived from the original on February 16, 2016 ; accessed on February 16, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ The popular international competition. Tomorrow, Sunday 1:30 p.m., on the Hohe Warte: Austria against Hungary In: Sportblatt am Mittag / Sport-Tagblatt. Sports edition of the Neue Wiener Tagblatt , October 6, 1928, SS 2 (right column, 3rd and 4th paragraph) (online at ANNO ).
- ↑ Artur Steiner: 5: 1 for Austria! The footballers also have their October 7th .. In: Wiener Sonntags-Zeitung / Wiener Sonn- und Mondags-Zeitung , October 8th, 1928, p. 5 (online at ANNO ).
- ↑ All sorts of sports - the gym wheel. In: Sportblatt am Mittag / Sport-Tagblatt. Sports edition of the Neue Wiener Tagblatt , October 9, 1928, p. 6 (online at ANNO ).
- ↑ The film - A gym wheel race in the film. In: Neues Wiener Tagblatt. Democratic organ / Neues Wiener Abendblatt. Evening edition of the (") Neue Wiener Tagblatt (") / Neues Wiener Tagblatt. Evening edition of the Neue Wiener Tagblatt / Wiener Mittagsausgabe with Sportblatt / 6 o'clock evening paper / Neues Wiener Tagblatt. Neue Freie Presse - Neues Wiener Journal / Neues Wiener Tagblatt , April 24, 1931, SS 10 (right column) (online at ANNO ).
- ^ Krimmer's Ton-Kino, Feldkirch. In: Feldkircher Anzeiger / Feldkircher Anzeiger. Feldkircher Wochenblatt / Vorarlberger Oberland. Rankweil community sheet - Feldkircher Anzeiger - Frastanz community sheet , April 29, 1931, p. 4 (online at ANNO ).
- ↑ What do we want to hear? From July 17th to 23rd - Sunday July 17th. In: Radio Wien , July 15, 1932, p. 43 (online at ANNO ).
- ↑ Thomas Jaedicke: Patent for two tires and six rungs. In: Deutschlandfunk. November 8, 2015, accessed February 16, 2016 .
