Ringwall wooden castle
| Ringwall wooden castle | ||
|---|---|---|
 The double ramparts in the east |
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| Alternative name (s): | Wooden castle | |
| Creation time : | Early middle ages | |
| Castle type : | Spur position | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall | |
| Place: | Kransberg | |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 21 '25 " N , 8 ° 35' 55.8" E | |
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In the ring wall wooden castle is an early medieval hill fort on the Holzberg at Crane Mountain near Usingen . The complex is characterized by the local Marienkapelle , which is located in the middle. The area of the ramparts was a historical court venue.
Location and description
The Holzberg is surrounded by water to the north, west and south. These are the Holzbach in the south , which flows into the USA to the west, and the USA itself in the north. The Holzberg itself drops steeply in the north, west and south, so that the east side is the most vulnerable side.
Accordingly, the defenses to the east are most pronounced. The rampart, which completely surrounds the mountain peak, is reinforced here by a rampart. The main wall in the east as well as the rampart show a ditch. They both reach a height of up to 3.50 meters above the bottom of the trench. The main wall decreases in height to the west and flattens out to a height of only 0.5 meters. Statements about goals can no longer be made today.
The Holzberg has earth steps and arable margins, especially in the north.
Tower castle
A wooden tower castle was probably built in the 10th century to secure an old road within the ring wall . However, there is no more detailed information about this system, which is probably also eponymous. It lost its importance in the 12th century at the latest, so that the chapel was built at this point.
Lady Chapel
The Marienkapelle, formerly also called the wooden church , is about 18.0 meters by 10.5 meters. With the construction of this chapel, the central part of the ramparts was greatly changed. The chapel was a branch of the church on the Johannisberg near Bad Nauheim . It served as the parish church of the surrounding villages Nieder- and Oberholzburg, both of which have gone, and also Kransberg. In 1218 it belonged to the Teutonic Order . In 1653 the parish was moved to Kransberg. From then on it served as a pilgrimage church. Extensive renovation work was carried out in 1978/79. Today it is one of the most important pilgrimage sites in the Taunus.
Monument protection
The area of the ramparts is a ground monument according to the Hessian Monument Protection Act . Investigations and targeted collection of finds are subject to approval, and accidental finds are reported to the monument authorities.
literature
- Karl August von Cohausen : The ramparts, military forces and old entrenchments of the administrative district of Wiesbaden. In: Annals of the Society for Nassau antiquity and historical research. Vol. 15, 1879, ZDB -ID 504639-7 , pp. 343-377, no. 34.
- Guide to prehistoric and prehistoric monuments. Volume 21: Hochtaunus, Bad Homburg, Usingen, Königstein, Hofheim. von Zabern, Mainz 1972, ISSN 0071-9757 , pp. 111-114 and p. 198.
Web links
swell
- ^ Rudolf Knappe: Holzburg In: Rudolf Knappe: Medieval castles in Hessen. 800 castles, castle ruins and fortifications. 3. Edition. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-228-6 , p. 449.