Bad Nauheim

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Bad Nauheim
Bad Nauheim
Map of Germany, location of the city of Bad Nauheim highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 22 ′  N , 8 ° 45 ′  E

Basic data
State : Hesse
Administrative region : Darmstadt
County : Wetteraukreis
Height : 151 m above sea level NHN
Area : 32.54 km 2
Residents: 32,493 (Dec 31, 2020)
Population density : 999 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 61231
Area code : 06032
License plate : FB, BÜD
Community key : 06 4 40 002
LOCODE : DE BNA
City structure: 6 districts

City administration address : 		Parkstrasse 36–38
61231 Bad Nauheim
Website : www.bad-nauheim.de
Mayor : Klaus Kreß ( independent )
Location of the city of Bad Nauheim in the Wetterau district
Butzbach Münzenberg Rockenberg Ober-Mörlen Bad Nauheim Friedberg (Hessen) Rosbach vor der Höhe Wöllstadt Karben Bad Vilbel Wölfersheim Reichelsheim (Wetterau) Niddatal Florstadt Echzell Reichelsheim (Wetterau) Nidda Hirzenhain Gedern Ranstadt Glauburg Altenstadt (Hessen) Limeshain Ortenberg (Hessen) Kefenrod Büdingen Lahn-Dill-Kreis Landkreis Gießen Vogelsbergkreis Hochtaunuskreis Frankfurt am Main Main-Kinzig-Kreismap
About this picture

Bad Nauheim is a spa town and after Bad Vilbel with around 32,000 inhabitants the second largest town in the Hessian Wetteraukreis in Germany .

Aerial photograph 2007

geography

location

The city is at an altitude of 148  m above sea level. NHN , 28 kilometers (as the crow flies) north of Frankfurt am Main , on the eastern edge of the Taunus . It is traversed by the weather and the USA .

City structure

Bad Nauheim is divided into the core city, Nieder-Mörlen , Rödgen , Schwalheim , Steinfurth and Wisselsheim .

and display information about the image
View from Johannisberg to Bad Nauheim, March 2014

Neighboring communities

Bad Nauheim borders in the north on the municipality of Rockenberg , in the east on the municipality of Wölfersheim , in the south on the district town of Friedberg , with which it forms a central center with central sub-functions , and in the west on the municipality of Ober-Mörlen (all in the Wetterau district).

history

prehistory

Traces of settlement have been found in the vicinity of Bad Nauheim's brine springs since the Stone Age . The settlement became very important when the Celts systematically extracted salt from the brine . During archaeological excavations in the center of the city, parts of a huge Celtic salt works were uncovered. Their wooden pipe and basin systems, which are well preserved due to the salt content of the soil, document salt extraction in an almost industrial production method. Bad Nauheim was also important during the Roman period, the saltworks continued to be used, a fort in the area of ​​what would later become the town and a signal tower was built on the Johannisberg that connected the Limes with the Friedberg fort .

middle Ages

The oldest surviving mention of Nauheim as Niwiheim is in an interest register of the Seligenstadt monastery from around 900. The saline was first mentioned in the 14th century. Originally probably Falkensteiner property, before 1304 it belonged to the Hanau rulership , later: Hanau county , then Hanau-Münzenberg county . 1478 any remaining in Nauheim rights came monastery Seligenstadt as compensation for debts that the monastery at Count Philip I of Hanau-Münzenberg had to Hanau-Münzenberg. Here Nauheim was added to the newly formed Dorheim Office in 1597 .

In 1231 a pastor was reported for the first time, and in 1307 an independent parish. The central church authority of the parish in the Archdiocese of Mainz was the Archdeaconate of St. Maria ad Gradus in Mainz , Deanery Friedberg. The right of patronage was initially held by the Seligenstadt monastery, and from 1255 by the Mainz cathedral chapter.

Modern times

Graduation building I, one of the five still preserved graduation towers
Windmill tower between the graduation buildings IV / V, the so-called Long Wall
The big wheel : water wheel (9.8 m) near Bad Nauheim-Schwalheim, built 1745–1748 and driven by the weather

The Reformation was gradually introduced in the county of Hanau-Münzenberg in the middle of the 16th century . This happened first in the Lutheran sense. In a “second Reformation”, the denomination of the County of Hanau-Munzenberg was changed again: From 1597 Count Philipp Ludwig II pursued a decidedly reformed church policy. He made use of Jus reformandi , his right as a sovereign to determine the denomination of his subjects, and made this largely binding for the County of Hanau-Munzenberg, including in Nauheim.

As in the rest of the county of Hanau-Münzenberg, the Solms land law became common law here from the turn of the 16th to the 17th century . The Common Law applied only if the rules contained the Solmser land rights for a fact no provisions. The Solms land law remained valid in the 19th century, even in the Electorate of Hesse and the Hessian Grand Ducal period. It was not until the Civil Code of January 1, 1900, which was uniformly valid throughout the German Empire , that the old particular law was largely overridden.

When the Counts of Hanau-Münzenberg died out in 1642, their inheritance fell to Count Friedrich Casimir from the Lutheran house of the Counts of Hanau-Lichtenberg . Count Friedrich Casimir and his successors promoted the Lutheran congregations, also against the resistance of the remaining majority of their Reformed subjects. As a result, Nauheim also became de facto biconfessional within a few decades. In the years 1731–1733 , a second church for the Lutheran minority in the Dorheim office, the Reinhardskirche, was built next to the medieval church of Nauheim (the successor building is the Wilhelmskirche ), which remained reformed .

After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , In 1736, Landgrave Friedrich I of Hessen-Kassel inherited the County of Hanau-Münzenberg and thus also the Dorheim office and the village of Nauheim on the basis of a contract of inheritance from 1643. The saltworks flourished again at the beginning of the 18th century. A new process, blackthorn grading , drastically reduced wood consumption and thus the costs of the operation. The Great Wheel , a water wheel driven by the Wetter River, was built in 1745–1748 and had a diameter of 9.8 meters. A rod 886 meters long (still 170 meters today) transferred its power to the pumps that were used to lift the water onto the graduation towers.

In 1803, the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel was made elector and his territories were subsequently referred to as the Electorate of Hesse . During the Napoleonic period, the Dorheim office was under French military administration from 1806, belonged to the Principality of Hanau from 1807 to 1810, and then from 1810 to 1813 to the Hanau Department in the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt . After the Congress of Vienna it fell back to the Electorate of Hesse. In 1818 the pastors of the Lutheran and Reformed Churches in the Principality of Hanau decided to merge their two churches in the Hanau Union .

After the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821, during which the Electorate of Hesse was divided into four provinces and 22 districts, Nauheim became part of the newly formed Hanau district . In 1847 the Dorheim Justice Office was relocated to Nauheim and was now called the Nauheim Justice Office . It was - despite the strange name today - a court of first instance for the district of the former Dorheim office. In 1854 the place was granted city rights by the last Hessian elector, Friedrich Wilhelm I. After the war of 1866 , the Kingdom of Prussia annexed the Electorate of Hesse, which had been on the loser's side. The former Dorheim office was passed on from Prussia to the Grand Duchy of Hesse in the peace treaty of September 3, 1866 . There Nauheim was added to the Friedberg district , which belonged to the province of Upper Hesse . The Nauheim Justice Office was renamed the Nauheim Regional Court . In 1879 it was replaced by the Nauheim District Court as part of the reform of the Reich judiciary .

Development as a spa

Casino share from 1854; the casino financed the construction of the spa house and the spa gardens.
Debenture for 2000 marks from the city of Bad Nauheim dated May 10, 1923 with a picture of the Sprudelhof

In the middle of the 19th century, balneology developed and Bad Nauheim became a therapeutic bath for cardiovascular diseases. In 1846 the Great Sprudel was found. The specialty lay in the discovery and application of the beneficial effects of the naturally occurring carbon dioxide in the thermal brine. The transition of the city to the Grand Duchy of Hesse, whose government licensed a casino , whose taxes financed the rapid expansion, was decisive for the development of the city into a spa of international importance . In addition, Nauheim received a train station on the Main-Weser Railway , which was opened between Butzbach and Friedberg on November 9, 1850. The original station building came from Julius Eugen Ruhl and was replaced by a new building from 1911 to 1913. In 1869 the city was given the addition of "Bad" to its name.

As a health resort Bad Nauheim was world-class around 1900 with thousands of guests. The cure not only served health purposes, but also socializing with international celebrities. The changed hygienic and aesthetic ideas made the establishment of new bathhouses inevitable at the turn of the century. Under the direction of the Grand Ducal Government Building Inspector Wilhelm Jost , between 1901/1902 and 1912 the bathing, spa and business facilities were uniformly designed. First, in 1902, Jost built an inhalatorium in the middle of the spa park, today the city library.

The main structure of the new bathing facilities was the Sprudelhof , a high-ranking Art Nouveau building .

The drinking spa was built between 1910 and 1912. In the shape of a horseshoe, it encloses an inner courtyard with a drinking hall, walkways and a large concert shell , which is preceded by a rectangular water basin. At the end of the western fountain is the spa fountain, which is connected to the drinking hall by a corridor. In the middle of it, an octagonal fountain with a golden dome and crown provides medicinal water.

The Kurhaus, built in 1862–1864, was also redesigned and expanded during this period: the terrace and spa garden were expanded, a music temple was built, and a concert hall richly decorated with abstract and figurative Art Nouveau paintings was built. The Bad Nauheim spa orchestra, under the Leipzig conductor Hans Winderstein , was one of the largest and most important spa orchestras in Germany at the time. Around the city center with the spa facilities, residential areas and numerous luxurious new hotels were built, including Carlton , Bristol , Waldorf-Astoria and Kaiserhof , large establishments of international hotel groups. Under Jost's leadership, a technical infrastructure that was extremely advanced for that time was also created: an electricity plant and a heating plant that supplied the larger buildings throughout the city with district heating . The facilities required for this were brought together in an Art Nouveau building complex to the east of the train station designed by Jost, which has remained almost unchanged and is an important architectural monument.

  • Sprudelhof

  • Wing of the Sprudelhof

  • Fountain in the Sprudelhof

Even after the First World War , Bad Nauheim retained its reputation as a sophisticated luxury spa. In addition to numerous members of the exiled Russian nobility, celebrities from the USA soon returned to Bad Nauheim. Well-known dance orchestras from the Weimar Republic played in the elegant hotel bars , including the Bernard Etté orchestra founded in Bad Nauheim . The Comedian Harmonists made guest appearances in town. Numerous chess players such as Tal , Keres and Alekhine also played their games here.

In addition to the “Bad” rating, the city also received the recognized “Kneipp spa” rating in 2011. In 2015, she was accepted into the Kneipp Premium Class.

Famous bathers

  • Kurhaus around 1900

  • Kurstrasse

  • Painting Bad Nauheim by Ernst Oppler in 1920, presumably made during a stay at a health resort

Second World War

During the Second World War , military hospitals were set up in the spa facilities and several confiscated hotels , including those for allied officers prisoners of war . Presumably for this reason there were almost no air strikes on the city. From December 1941 to June 1942, 130 US diplomats, including Leland B. Morris and George F. Kennan , were interned at Jeschke's Grand Hotel . Bad Nauheim survived the war without significant damage and had an intact electricity and heat supply after the end of the war.

On March 29, 1945 Bad Nauheim was occupied by troops of the 3rd US Army .

After 1945

Elvis Presley lived in the house at Goethestrasse 14
from February 3, 1959
to March 2, 1960.
The Bad Nauheimer Burgtor formed the backdrop for the cover of the Elvis Presley single A Big Hunk o 'Love .

In the first few months after the war, several military and civil administrative offices in the US zone were set up in hotels and villas due to the minor war damage , including the DANA news agency , a forerunner of the dpa . The later Hessischer Rundfunk also began broadcasting as Radio Frankfurt from studios in Bad Nauheim.

In contrast to most German cities, Bad Nauheim was only affected to a limited extent by the general deprivations of the post-war period . According to American observations, the city was one of those places in which there was still a part of the old upper class , whose life - also due to financial opportunities and relationships - was little affected and had good food, clothing and living space. This soon regained influence in economic and social life.

In the 1950s, the glamor of the celebrity bath experienced a brief renaissance: from October 1958 to March 1960, Elvis Presley, who was stationed in neighboring Friedberg, lived in Bad Nauheim. As a reminder of the singer, there is a traffic light that shows him in the green phases as an Elvis figure with a guitar. In 1959, Saud ibn Abd al-Aziz , King of Saudi Arabia , stayed in the city with a large court; Many other dignitaries from the Arab world followed in the 1960s. Meanwhile, however, the face of the city changed. The newly created social systems made spa stays accessible to poorer sections of the population on a large scale. The number of spa guests increased enormously, several large social security clinics were built, while the city's reputation as a meeting place for international high society gradually faded.

As a result of the austerity measures in the health system, the health insurance company also lost more and more of its importance since the mid-1980s: New treatment methods for cardiovascular diseases made the expensive spa stays medically superfluous. Today, Bad Nauheim ensures its status as a health city mainly through several large hospitals and specialist clinics. Heart research and the associated congresses and meetings have a long tradition there. The city is home to the Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research (W. G. Kerckhoff Institute) and facilities of the State Medical Association of Hesse .

Incorporations

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , the short-lived community of Wettertal , which was only formed on February 1, 1971 through the merger of the communities of Rödgen and Wisselsheim, was incorporated on a voluntary basis on December 31, 1971 . On February 1, 1972, the community of Schwalheim was added. On August 1, 1972, the municipalities Nieder-Mörlen and Steinfurth followed by state law. Also on August 1, 1972, the Friedberg district was incorporated into the newly established Wetterau district.

population

Population structure

According to the 2011 census , there were 30 210 inhabitants in Bad Nauheim on May 9, 2011. These included 3559 (11.8%) foreigners, of whom 1043 came from outside the EU , 1882 from other European countries and 634 from other countries. Of the German residents, 16.0% had a migration background . The inhabitants lived in 14,314 households. Of these, 6134 were single households , 3663 couples without children and 3114 couples with children, as well as 1024 single parents and 379 shared apartments .

Population development

Population development from 1821 to 2017 according to the table below

(from 1939 to December 31st)

  • 1821: 01,670
  • 1939: 09,039
  • 1961: 13,431
  • 1970: 14.242
  • 1998: 29,806
  • 1999: 30.017
  • 2000: 30.199
  • 2001: 30,459
  • 2002: 30,411
  • 2003: 30,342
  • 2004: 30,365
  • 2006: 30,929
  • 2011: 30,313
  • 2015: 31,630
  • 2016: 31,924
  • 2017: 32,102

Religious affiliation

• 1961: 9193 Protestant (= 68.45%), 3479 Catholic (= 25.9%) residents
• 2011: 11,600 Protestant (= 38.5%), 7940 Roman Catholic (= 26.4%), 570 Orthodox (= 1.9%), 1220 non-believers (= 4.0%), 8400 other (= 27.9%) ) Residents

religion

Protestant church

Bad Nauheim is now part of the Evangelical Church in Hesse and Nassau . After the Hanau Union of 1818, the Reinhardskirche was given up and the now common service was celebrated in the larger Wilhelmskirche. In 1906 the congregation moved to the newly built Thank You Church . The Wilhelmskirche continues to be used as a community center for various events.

Jewish community

The beginnings of Jewish community life in Nauheim date back to the end of the Middle Ages , as in many other villages in the Wetterau , probably to the 14th century. A few Jewish families lived here from 1468 to the first half of the 16th century. In the 18th century a small Jewish community settled again, which grew rapidly with the rise of the city to a health resort of international standing. In 1867 or 1886 the first synagogue was inaugurated, which was replaced in 1929 by an architecturally highly modern building that also survived the pogrom of November 9, 1938 . Immediately after the city was occupied by US troops on March 29, 1945 , before the end of the war, it was the location of the first Jewish worship service in the part of Germany occupied by the Allies. Today the congregation has about 350 members.

Bad Nauheim is the seat of the German Coordination Council of Societies for Christian-Jewish Cooperation and the Buber-Rosenzweig Foundation . In 2005, the nationally recognized awarding of the Buber-Rosenzweig Medal to the conductor Daniel Barenboim took place in the Bad Nauheimer Kurtheater.

Roman Catholic Church

With the spa guests, increasing religious tolerance and mobility, a Roman Catholic community emerged again in Bad Nauheim in the 19th century . She first celebrated her service in the rented Reinhard Church. In 1905, with the Church of St. Bonifatius, she added an equivalent building to the neo-Gothic Protestant Church of Thanksgiving that was being built at the same time.

The Russian Orthodox Congregation

The Russian Orthodox community of Bad Nauheim, which was important before the First World War due to the large number of Russian spa guests, has been using the Reinhard Church since 1907.

New Apostolic Church

The New Apostolic congregation in Bad Nauheim belongs to the Frankfurt church district. It was founded in 1945. Before 1945, the faithful attended the New Apostolic divine services in Friedberg and Butzbach. The first divine services in Bad Nauheim took place alternately in the apartments of the New Apostolic Christians, primarily with the community leader, Priest Wilhelm Böcher, on Gartenfeldstrasse. On January 1, 1946, the community already had 34 members.

In the years that followed, the English Church, the sports center, the elementary school, the commercial vocational school, accommodation in Ritterhausstraße and finally a former workshop in Ernst-Ludwig-Ring served as meeting places. At the end of 1972, the construction of a separate church in the street Am Holzweg began for the congregation, which had grown to 69 siblings, which was inaugurated on June 24, 1973 by District Chief Bock.

In the autumn of 1991 the church was renovated inside and out. In 2003, on the initiative of the officials and community members, the outdoor area was redesigned with their own help and now offers an appealing, more open appearance. The community has 122 members (as of early 2019).

politics

City Council

The local elections on March 14, 2021 produced the following results compared to previous local elections:

Distribution of seats in the city council meeting 2021
     
A total of 41 seats
Parties and voter communities 2021 2016 2011 2006 2001
% Seats % Seats % Seats % Seats % Seats
FW / UWG Free Voters / Independent Community of Voters 30.5 13 28.1 13 - - - - - -
CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 24.9 10 27.2 12th 36.3 16 33.8 15th 42.9 19th
Green Alliance 90 / The Greens 19.7 8th 10.4 5 17.3 8th 8.7 4th 9.0 4th
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 13.3 5 20.9 9 17.7 8th 16.2 7th 28.9 13
FDP Free Democratic Party 11.6 5 12.9 6th 5.3 2 6.4 3 6.1 3
UWG Independent community of voters - - - - 16.7 8th 21.6 10 12.4 6th
BB Citizens' alliance Bad Nauheim - - - - 3.8 2 11.9 5 - -
Different Politics different - - - - 2.9 1 - - - -
WE List WE - - - - - - 1.3 1 - -
UNIT UNIT - - 0.5 0 - - - - - -
NPD National Democratic Party of Germany - - - - - - - - 0.7 0
total 100.0 41 100.0 45 100.0 45 100.0 45 100.0 45
Voter turnout in% 48.5 45.0 49.6 38.9 44.3

mayor

  • 1856–1868: Alexander Riess
  • 1902–1927: Gustav Kayser (first full-time mayor)
  • 1927–1935: Karl Ahl
  • 1935–1937: Heinrich Götz (NSDAP)
  • 1937–1945: Wilhelm Hahn (NSDAP)
  • 1945–1948: Adolf Bräutigam (SPD)
  • 1948–1954: Krafft-Helmut Voss ( independent )
  • 1954–1960: Fritz Geißler (FDP)
  • 1960–1981: Herbert Schäfer (SPD)
  • 1981–1993: Bernd Rohde (CDU)
  • 1993–1999: Peter Keller (SPD)
  • 2000–2005: Bernd Rohde (CDU)
  • 2005–2011: Bernd Witzel (UWG)
  • 2011–2017: Armin Häuser (CDU)
  • since September 2017: Klaus Kreß (independent)

Armin Häuser was elected mayor on April 10, 2011 in the runoff election against his predecessor Bernd Witzel with 70.3% of the vote. The turnout was 36.9%.

Klaus Kreß was elected mayor on May 7, 2017 in the first round of elections with 50.6% of the votes, 3 opposing candidates and 41.6% voter turnout. The previous incumbent Hauser had fallen out with the CDU parliamentary group in the city council and did not run for re-election.

Full-time magistrate:

  • Klaus Kreß (Mayor)
  • First councilor: Peter Krank

coat of arms

Bad Nauheim coat of arms
 Blazon : “In the shield dividedby a bar of nine silver salt crystals , above in blue a growing, golden crowned and golden armored lion ,dividedfive times by silver and red; below, in black, a silver fizz over a silver basin. "

The court seal of the 18th century only contained the Hessian lion on a pedestal. In 1856, Elector Friedrich Wilhelm gave the place, which was elevated to a city in 1854, the above coat of arms, but at that time with the hot spring above and the lion below and without tinging . The above design and color scheme was approved by Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig in 1913. The Hessian lion denotes the local rule since 1736 after the inheritance of the Counts of Hanau-Lichtenberg ; the salt crystals are reminiscent of the salt industry, which has been attested since the 14th century. In 1846 the first of the three famous hot springs broke out.

The Alt-Nauheim town coat of arms, which was valid from 1856 to 1913 (hot spring above, lion below, eight instead of nine salt crystals) is preserved in the keystones on both sides of the archway of the castle gate (castle barn) .

Town twinning

Bad Nauheim maintains partnerships with:

Culture and sights

Buildings

The public observatory

The oldest visible structural evidence in the urban area is not to be found in the area of ​​the old town, but on the Johannisberg which is flanking it . The Wetterau public observatory is now housed in the still-preserved tower of a church ruin from the 13th century, which in turn was the successor to a foundation in the 8th century . In addition, the remains of a Roman signal tower can be seen, which can be assigned to the middle of the 2nd century.

Although the old town is surrounded on all sides by younger buildings, the town center, walled in the 15th century and defused in the early 19th century, between Stresemannstraße in the north, Alicenstraße in the east, Ernst-Ludwig-Ring in the south and the Grabenstraße in the west is still today clearly recognizable as such. Structurally, this has the character of a street village drawn around an east-west axis (main street) with irregular spur streets in north and south directions.

The Wilhelmskirche (formerly the Reformed Church of Nauheim), whose predecessor was the medieval village church of Nauheim, is the oldest church in the town. The Reinhardskirche , formerly a Lutheran church from the 18th century, now serves the Russian Orthodox community . The Dankeskirche replaced the previous buildings in their function at the beginning of the 20th century , based on a design by Ludwig Hofmann .

Half-timbered houses from the reconstruction phase after the Thirty Years' War, i.e. the 17th and mostly 18th centuries, still predominate in the middle-class buildings. Well-preserved and representative street scenes, also due to the intensified exposure of plastered half-timbered buildings in recent decades, can be found, for example, in Apfelstrasse, Bornstrasse, Burgstrasse and Wilhelmstrasse. The well-preserved courtyards at Hauptstrasse 29/31 and 56 are particularly noteworthy as individual buildings.

The Sprudelhof , together with the drinking spa and the associated technical buildings, is an excellent example of Art Nouveau and is an important ensemble of spa architecture in Central Europe. Several artists from the Darmstadt artists' colony contributed to the artistic design of the Nauheim bathing and spa facilities: Albin Müller , Friedrich Wilhelm Kleukens , Heinrich Jobst and Ernst Riegel, among others . Because of its unique and relatively well-preserved ensemble of Art Nouveau buildings, Bad Nauheim is a member of the Réseau Art Nouveau Network , in which cities are united to form the European Art Nouveau network.

The district heating plant built in 1905 is located on the Goldstein, an example of Art Nouveau in technical buildings.

freetime and sports

Large pond in the historic spa park
Fountain and bridge in the historic spa gardens
Pond house in the historic spa park
The park in spring (April 2018)

A popular inner-city recreational area is the historic spa park with its old trees and the large pond, a small reservoir created in the 18th century as a water reservoir, on which boat trips are offered in summer and the traditional Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig rowing regatta takes place every year. In the park is the complex of the Kurhaus, which is now operated as a luxury hostel by an international hotel chain, with its representative staircase and the splendidly furnished Art Nouveau spa theater.

At the entrance from the direction of the colonnades close to the city, the grounds of the traditional tennis club Rot-Weiss Bad Nauheim e. V. with six red sand outdoor courts.

The golf course of the Bad Nauheim Golf Club borders the spa gardens. The site, which was laid out more than 100 years ago, is one of the oldest preserved German golf courses; His white clubhouse, built around 1900 in the English colonial style of wood with picturesque turrets and arcades, is one of the city's landmarks. The graduation towers and the Ludwigsbrunnen mineral spring, a highly carbonated acid , are freely accessible.

In addition to the spa gardens, the city has two other large parks: the modern Südpark is used in particular by patients in the surrounding clinics and sanatoriums for relaxing walks. The Goldsteinpark , located outside the city center, with its historical observation tower modeled on a Roman Limes watchtower , was redesigned as an event site for the Hessian State Garden Show 2010 .

Together with the neighboring town of Friedberg, a large leisure pool is operated between the two communities in the Usa floodplain. The Usa wave pool, built in the early 1980s, has a hall complex with a 50 m wave pool, children's pool, bathing fountain, “Black Hole” water slide and a large wellness area with a restaurant. In the summer months, an outdoor pool with three pools and a large sunbathing area is also opened.

Guests who wanted to use the healing power of the Bad Nauheim brine were able to use the Therme am Park, a modern thermal brine indoor pool in the city center, which, in addition to an outdoor and two indoor pools, also had a solarium and a sauna area as well as a restaurant. It was closed on December 29, 2015.

The Colonel-Knight Ice Stadium , venue of the nationally known DEL2 - Hockey club EC Bad Nauheim , was built in the winter of 1945-46 on the instructions of the local commander of the American occupation forces in the city area on the edge of the spa. In the summer, the Bundesliga games of the inline hockey team of the Bad Nauheim Grizzlys took place there, which stopped playing in 2010. Currently only amateur teams like the Black Devils Bad Nauheim and their own offspring train there in summer . The stadium has been modernized again and again in recent years, so the roof and lighting were completely renewed in 2010/11. In 2011, the exterior facade was renewed and the professional ice hockey club takes on independent renovations, such as. B. in the cabins and the restaurant. The aim is to secure the stadium as a location in the long term. Plans for a new building have been rejected several times in the past, but are still being discussed.

To the west, the city borders on a large forest area, which is criss-crossed by a dense network of hiking trails. There is also the area of ​​the Bad Nauheimer Waldstadion, which was used as a training ground by the Saudi Arabian national team during the 2006 World Cup . On the wooded slopes of the Johannisberg, the walker encounters the traces of Bad Nauheim's prehistory and early history. From the terrace of the restaurant on the summit plateau, the viewer has a great view of the city and the eastern Wetterau. On the slope below, wine has been grown again on an area of ​​approx. 3000 m² since 1999. This area is maintained by the Bad Nauheim Winegrowing Association, which has taken up the centuries-old tradition of winegrowing at this point.

Bad Nauheim has a high number of pubs and restaurants compared to other cities in the Wetteraukreis, with one facility for every 200 inhabitants. Due to the high density of pubs in the area of ​​the market square, there are repeated excesses of violence there. As a result of crimes such as bodily harm, theft and violence against police officers, video surveillance was set up in the vicinity of the market square in 2018.

A leisure and cultural program for children and young people is offered in the Alte Feuerwache children's and youth center. The previous facility operated on a self-governing model from the early 1980s to 2006. After the contracts were terminated at the end of 2006, riots broke out in the course of which autonomous groups committed numerous damage to property.

Bad Nauheim has been the venue for the final round of the German team championship in the board game since 2018 .

nature

Museums

From 1977 to 1997 there was a salt museum in the little Teichhauschlösschen. The Celtic pavilion next to the graduation house currently provides information on the history of salt production in Bad Nauheim.

The Steinfurth district houses a rose museum.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Entrance building of Bad Nauheim train station , street side. In the background the chimney of the large laundry.

road

Bad Nauheim has its own junction on the A 5 , the Nieder-Mörlen district can be reached via the Ober-Mörlen junction. The federal highways 3 and 275 run around Bad Nauheim as a bypass .

In Bad Nauheim there are four city bus routes (FB-11, 12, 14, 15) that serve all parts of the city. They are operated by Stroh Bus Verkehrs GmbH on behalf of Stadtwerke Bad Nauheim. Other connections, in particular to Friedberg and Butzbach , are made by various bus routes operated by VGO Verkehrsgesellschaft Oberhessen mbH .

railroad

The Bad Nauheim Station is located on the Main-Weser Railway and at the Butzbach-Licher railway (Bad Nauheim north), which only in the museum business is busy.

Air travel

In the neighboring municipality of Ober-Mörlen is the Ober-Mörlen airfield , where gliders, powered aircraft and helicopters can take off and land with prior approval. The Aeroclub Bad Nauheim e. V. at home.

education

The city of Bad Nauheim has a wide range of schools and educational institutions. In addition to classic grammar schools, there is a Waldorf school and other educational institutions:

  • Academy for advanced and advanced medical training of the State Medical Association of Hesse
  • Free Waldorf School Wetterau
  • Ernst Ludwig School Bad Nauheim (grammar school)
  • Sankt-Lioba-Schule (state-recognized high school)
  • City school at the Wilhelmskirche (elementary school)
  • Sophie Scholl School Wetterau (integrative elementary school)
  • Middle school of the Wetteraukreis with all-day courses (former secondary and secondary school)
  • Vocational schools at the graduation tower (merger of the former commercial vocational school of the Wetterau district and the former Wingert school)
  • Carl Oelemann School
  • Training center of the State Medical Association of Hesse
  • Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research

The city is still a corporate sponsoring member of the Max Planck Society.

Personalities

Honorary citizen

Bad Nauheim has given honorary citizenship to 14 people until 2014, including:

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities who have worked on the spot

in alphabetic order

Klaus Neuhöfer
Elvis Presley Memorial in Bad Nauheim
  • Franz Ludwig von Cancrin (1738 - 1816) built two-story, roofed graduation buildings in Bad Nauheim, and the salt office building is also based on his design
  • Werner Flach (* 1936), full-time city councilor in Bad Nauheim
  • Fritz Geißler (1903–1960), Mayor of Bad Nauheim (FDP) from July 1, 1954 to June 13, 1960
  • Heiko Laux , musician and DJ from Bad Nauheim
  • Alexei Petrowitsch Malzew (1854–1915), Russian Orthodox archpriest and theologian, visited Bad Nauheim several times between 1901 and 1910
  • Willy Naue, music director (1891–1975), from 1915 Kapellmeister and concert master in the Winderstein Orchestra Bad Nauheim; 1926–1975 conductor of the Staatl. Spa orchestra Bad Nauheim. 1959 Award of the Federal Cross of Merit on Ribbon by Theodor Heuss.
  • Klaus Neuhöfer (* 1940), monument protector; Chairman of the Friends of the Spa Town Bad Nauheim e. V. and known as the "savior of the graduation buildings"
  • James Peace (* 1963), composer lived in Bad Nauheim from 1991–2009.
  • From October 1, 1958 to March 2, 1960 Elvis Presley was stationed in neighboring Friedberg. During this time he lived first in the now demolished Hilbert's Park Hotel, then in the Hotel Villa Grunewald and for the last 12 months in a rented private house on Goethestr. 14 . A small memorial and a square named after him - laid out in front of the Hotel Villa Grunewald and opposite the Kurhaus - are a reminder of him and that time.
  • Vilhelms Purvītis (1872–1945), Latvian landscape painter, died in Bad Nauheim.
  • Heinz Ritt (1918–2010), heraldist; from 1946 to 1949 worked as a porcelain painter in Bad Nauheim
  • Hilda Stern Cohen (1924–1997), teacher at the Jewish district school in Bad Nauheim until 1941, poet and writer; survived the holocaust
  • Jamshedji Tata (1839–1904), founder of the Indian group of companies Tata , died in Bad Nauheim.
  • Joseph Todesco from Savoy (before 1690 – after 1748), universal scholar , introduced the modern and effective blackthorn etching in Nauheim in 1716
  • Dieter Wedel (* 1942), director and screenwriter; grew up in Bad Nauheim
  • Doron Wisotzky (* 1980), screenwriter and director, graduated from high school in his hometown Bad Nauheim
  • Steffi von Wolff (* 1966), author and journalist; grew up in Bad Nauheim

See also the Famous Bathers section .

literature

  • Dietwulf Baatz , Fritz-Rudolf Herrmann (ed.): The Romans in Hessen . Theiss, Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-8062-0599-X , p. 237 f.
  • Otto Weiss, J. Groedel: Bad-Nauheim: Guide for doctors and spa guests. 5th edition. Bindernagel, Friedberg 1890. ( Digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf )
  • Susann Barczikowski (Ed.): City portrait Bad Nauheim. City and travel guides with thematic excursions in the region. With photographs by Winfried Eberhardt. Bad Nauheim 2010, ISBN 978-3-00-030084-4 .
  • Susann Barczikowski: In good company - personalities from Bad Nauheim. With photographs by Winfried Eberhardt. Bad Nauheim 2004, ISBN 3-00-014281-9 .
  • Peter Bläsing, Christian Welzbacher: Architecture of the Twenties in Germany - A Legacy in Danger . Langewiesche Nachf. Köster, Königstein 2009, ISBN 978-3-7845-8044-9 .
  • Sara Hamm, Sabine Kübler: Building for a new life. Albert Schmidt photographed the creation of the Bad Nauheim Art Nouveau complex between 1905 and 1911. Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-2161-9 .
  • Leif Hansen: The Latène period saltworks in Bad Nauheim. The findings of the excavations in 2001–2004 in Kurstrasse 2 . Find reports from Hessen 8. Glauberg research 2. State Office for Monument Preservation Hessen, Wiesbaden 2016, ISBN 978-3-7749-4030-7
  • Fritz Herrmann: A list of Bad Nauheim residents from 1600 . In: Wetterau history sheets. 4 (1954), p. 137.
  • Hiltrud AM Hölzinger, Christina Uslular-Thiele: Art Nouveau in Bad Nauheim . Koenigstein i. Ts. 2005, ISBN 3-7845-7100-X . (German / English)
  • State Office for Monument Preservation Hessen (Ed.): Railway in Hessen. Cultural monuments in Hessen. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . tape 2.1 . Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8062-1917-6 .
  • Magistrate of the City of Bad Nauheim (Ed.): Plan & build in Bad Nauheim. Bad Nauheim 2007.
  • Hans Georg Ruppel (edit.): Historical place directory for the area of ​​the former Grand Duchy and People's State of Hesse with evidence of district and court affiliation from 1820 until the changes in the course of the communal territorial reform . = Darmstädter Archivschriften 2. 1976, OCLC 310616202 , p. 150.
  • Britta Spranger: Art Nouveau in Bad Nauheim . Darmstadt and Marburg 1983, ISBN 978-3-88443-136-8
  • Gerhard Kleinfeldt, Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hesse-Nassau area. (= Writings of the institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau. 16). Elwert, Marburg 1937. Reprint: Elwert, Marburg 1984, ISBN 3-7708-0798-7 , p. 27
  • Heinz Wionski: Cultural monuments in Hessen. Wetteraukreis II. 1st part: Bad Nauheim to Florstadt. ISBN 3-528-06227-4 ; 2nd part: Friedberg to Wöllstadt. ISBN 3-528-06227-4 Braunschweig / Wiesbaden 1999, pp. 68-188. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany)

Web links

Commons : Bad Nauheim  - Collection of Images
Wikivoyage: Bad Nauheim  - travel guide

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population in Hesse on December 31, 2020 by municipalities (districts and independent cities and municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help on this ).
  2. ^ Uta Löwenstein: County Hanau . In: Knights, Counts and Princes - secular dominions in the Hessian area approx. 900–1806. (= Handbook of Hessian History. 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse. 63). Marburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , pp. 196-230 (206).
  3. ↑ Arthur Benno Schmidt : The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Gießen 1893, p. 75, note 65, as well as the enclosed map.
  4. ^ Railway in Hesse. 2005, p. 143.
  5. ^ Railway in Hesse. 2005, p. 184.
  6. ↑ The locations of the KNEIPP PREMIUM CLASS
  7. ↑ Hessian State Center for Political Education (p. 42) (PDF; 2.1 MB)
  8. ↑ Ulrich Borsdorf and Lutz Niethammer (eds.): Between liberation and occupation . Analyzes of the US secret service on positions and strategies of German politics in 1945. Peter Hammer Verlag , Wuppertal 1975, ISBN 3-87294-107-0
  9. ^ Helga Grebing : The post-war development in West Germany 1945-1949 . Edited by Hermann Giesecke . Volume a: The economic fundamentals, Metzler publishing house , Stuttgart, p. 42, ISBN 3-476-20140-6
  10. ^ Elvis Presley in Bad Nauheim
  11. ↑ Bad Nauheim now also has its Elvis traffic light. hessenschau.de, April 7, 2019, accessed on July 17, 2019 .
  12. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the districts of Büdingen and Friedberg (GVBl. II 330-19) of July 11, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (Hrsg.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1972 No. 17 , p. 230 , §§ 2 and 18 ( online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 1,2 MB ]).
  13. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27th, 1970 to December 31st, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 361 f .
  14. ↑ Population according to nationality groups: City of Bad Nauheim. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in October 2020 .
  15. ↑ Migration background in%: City of Bad Nauheim. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in October 2020 .
  16. ^ Households by family: City of Bad Nauheim. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in October 2020 .
  17. ↑ Number based on: Thomas Klein: Outline of German Administrative History 1815–1845 . Row A: Prussia. Volume 11: Hessen-Nassau including predecessor states. Marburg 1979, p. 109.
  18. ^ Bad Nauheim, Wetteraukreis. Historical local lexicon for Hesse. (As of August 23, 2019). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  19. ^ Religious affiliation : City of Bad Nauheim. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in October 2020 .
  20. ↑ Information on Jewish history and the synagogue
  21. ^ Chronicle of the community of Bad Nauheim | New Apostolic Church, Frankfurt district. Retrieved February 8, 2019 .
  22. ^ Result of the municipal elections on March 14, 2021. In: Website. Hessian State Statistical Office , accessed in April 2021 .
  23. ^ Result of the municipal elections on March 6, 2016. In: Website. Hessian State Statistical Office , accessed in April 2016 .
  24. ^ Result of the municipal elections on March 27, 2011. In: Website. Hessian State Statistical Office , accessed in April 2011 .
  25. ^ Result of the municipal elections on March 26, 2006. (No longer available online.) In: Website. Hessian State Statistical Office , archived from the original ; accessed in April 2006 .
  26. ↑ Krafft-Helmut Voss. In: Johannes Hürter (Red.): Biographical Handbook of the German Foreign Service 1871–1945. 5. T – Z, supplements, published by the Foreign Office, historical service. Volume 5: Bernd Isphording, Gerhard Keiper, Martin Kröger: Schöningh, Paderborn and others. 2014, ISBN 978-3-506-71844-0 , p. 146
  27. ↑ Never in a party. Frankfurter Rundschau from October 13, 2017
  28. ↑ Mayor of Bad Nauheim. In: bad-nauheim.de. Retrieved October 22, 2018 .
  29. ↑ Gießener Allgemeine, May 7, 2017
  30. ^ Houses exit: parties react calmly , Wetterauer Zeitung
  31. ^ The Bad Nauheim city arms. In: bad-nauheim.de. Retrieved November 12, 2017 .
  32. ↑ Klemens Stadler : The municipal coat of arms of the state of Hesse . New edition of the collection of German local coats of arms by Prof. Otto Hupp on behalf of HAG Aktiengesellschaft in Bremen, edited by Dr. Klemens Stadler, drawings by Max Reinhart (=  German coat of arms - Federal Republic of Germany . Volume 3 ). Angelsachsen-Verlag, Bremen 1967, p. 18 .
  33. ↑ Alt-Nauheim city arms. In: bad-nauheim.de. Retrieved November 12, 2017 .
  34. ↑ Sister cities. In: bad-nauheim.de. Retrieved June 13, 2018 .
  35. ↑ Therme am Park. Retrieved January 8, 2018 .
  36. ^ New ice rink building: OFB model too expensive - Bad Nauheim - Wetterauer Zeitung. In: www.wetterauer-zeitung.de. Retrieved May 2, 2016 .
  37. ↑ Ice stadium renovation: start of the season not endangered - Bad Nauheim - Wetterauer Zeitung. In: www.wetterauer-zeitung.de. Retrieved May 2, 2016 .
  38. ↑ Renovation work is progressing - Saturday helper deployment - EC Bad Nauheim. (No longer available online.) In: s471145023.online.de. Archived from the original on May 2, 2016 ; accessed on May 2, 2016 .
  39. ↑ Ice hockey is not sustainable - a new stadium in Bad Nauheim is conceivable. January 22, 2020, accessed May 27, 2020 .
  40. ↑ Bad Nauheim wants to limit excesses of violence in the catering trade | Bad Nauheim. May 26, 2019, accessed May 26, 2019 .
  41. ↑ Video surveillance by the city and police on the market square in Bad Nauheim put into operation - News - The Health City. May 26, 2019, accessed May 26, 2019 .
  42. ^ Association of Bad Nauheimer Museen  ( page no longer available , search in web archives ), accessed on October 21, 2012.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.verein-bad-nauheimer-museen.de
  43. ↑ Celtic pavilion. In: bad-nauheim.de. Retrieved October 21, 2012 .
  44. ^ Website of the Rose Museum , accessed on October 21, 2012.
  45. ^ Homepage of the vocational schools at the graduation tower in Bad Nauheim. Due to the merger of the Wingert School and the Commercial Vocational School in 2012, [...] were accessed on March 14, 2021 .
  46. ↑ See list of the MPG's corporative sponsoring members ( Memento of January 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 445 kB)
  47. ↑ a b Wetterauer Zeitung : Bridge builders: Monik Mlynarski new honorary citizen of the city , article from October 14, 2014
  48. ↑ Wetterauer Zeitung : Bode stele is being built at an exposed point , article from October 9, 2008
  49. ↑ Groedel, Isidor Maximilian. Hessian biography (as of March 14, 2013). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on September 29, 2019 .

Remarks

  1. ↑ Not a member of any public religious community.