Roland Rainer

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The city indoor pool is one of Rainer's most famous buildings

Roland Rainer (born May 1, 1910 in Klagenfurt ; † April 10, 2004 in Vienna ) was an Austrian architect .

Life

Rainer decided to become an architect at the age of 18 and studied at the Technical University in Vienna. In his dissertation he dealt with Karlsplatz in Vienna . As a result, he went abroad in the 1930s, including the Netherlands and to Johannes Göderitz at the German Academy for Urban Development, Imperial and Regional Planning in Berlin . In August 1938, Rainer became a member of the NSDAP in Berlin , according to other sources he is said to have been an illegal NSDAP member in Austria, ruled by the Austro-Fascist corporate state, since March 1936 . Committed to the National Socialist program, his lifelong commitment to single-family homes (compared to other, more “collectivist” forms of living) was already evident during the war , and in 1944 he justified this biologically, in keeping with the spirit of the times, because this form of living predominates wherever, according to Gobineau, there is plenty Aryan essence is concentrated " . Later, however, Rainer did not want to be reminded of this phase of his work.

After the Second World War , Rainer returned to Austria, where he wrote his most famous theoretical works, including his urban planning prose . In his autobiography, Rainer left out his work from 1936 to 1945, which is why he cites his work Die Behausungsfrage , published in 1947, as the first work .

He was then appointed to several universities , namely the Technical University of Berlin , the Technical University of Braunschweig , the Technion in Haifa and the Technical University of Munich . In 1953 he became professor for housing, urban development and regional planning at the Technical University of Hanover . In 1954 he received the chair for structural engineering at the Graz University of Technology and therefore commuted constantly between Graz and Hanover . From 1955 he headed the master school for architecture at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna. His students included Heinz Tesar , Carl Pruscha  and Margarethe Heubacher-Sentobe .

From 1956 to 1962 one of his most important works was created, the Wiener Stadthalle . On July 1, 1958, Rainer was commissioned by the Vienna City Council to work on the land use plan . From 1958 to the end of 1962, he succeeded Karl Heinrich Brunner as the top city planner in Vienna. A planning concept for Vienna was therefore developed in 1962 , from which many proposals were also implemented. But there were conflicts between Rainer and the administration, which resulted in his resignation.

From 1980 to 1986 he headed the Monument Advisory Board of the Federal Monuments Office, and from 1987 he was chairman of the Curia for Art of the Austrian Decoration of Honor for Science and Art . He himself received numerous awards and honorary memberships. He was also the author of numerous books as well as a tireless critic of building sins and ongoing environmental degradation.

Rainer was buried in the family grave at the Ober Sankt Veiter cemetery . In Vienna Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus (15th district), the square in front of the Wiener Stadthalle Roland-Rainer-Platz was named after him in 2006 .

Rainer's daughter Eva Rubin also settled in Klagenfurt as an architect.

Works

ORF center on Küniglberg in Vienna (1968–1975)
Church of St. Joseph the Worker in Langenzersdorf (1982–1983)
Parish church Puchenau
Housing complex "Rosa-Weber-Hof" (1965–1967)

Awards

exhibition

literature

Web links

Commons : Roland Rainer  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Street names in Vienna since 1860 as “Political Places of Remembrance” (PDF; 4.4 MB), p. 130f, final research project report, Vienna, July 2013
  2. ^ According to Franz Untersmayr ( The "Ordinary Planning Policy" of the 3rd Reich in the 2nd Republic. In: FORVM. XL. Year, issue 478/479. Vienna, November 12, 1993, p. 38ff., Here: p. 42f - The second part of this article, The Frivolity of Fascism as a Structural Principle of Order. In volume 480 of December 17, 1993, pp. 61ff., Does not contain any new literature references from the Nazi era.) Rainer was an illegal member of the NSDAP since March 1936 .
    According to Wilfried Posch ( "Illegal" by protection. In: Die Presse . Of May 8, 2010; online ), according to his own statements in the application for membership of August 8, 1938, Rainer was only a party member from January to April 1936, but without a confirmed membership number. Only after obtaining a courtesy report from the responsible local group leader in Vienna, Rainer received a “preliminary green membership card” with the number 6,199,187 retrospectively from May 1, 1938, which - according to Anton Mahnig ( Wirtschaftssäuberungsgesetz) (constitutional law of 12 September 1945 on measures to restore healthy conditions in der Privatwirtschaft, St.G.Bl. No. 160. Manz, Vienna 1946) - but cannot be used solely for the assumption of illegality.
  3. ↑ R. Rainer in: The most practical form of house for expansion, re-establishment and reconstruction of cities . Research work on behalf of the German Academy for Urban Development, Reich and State Planning, Working Group in the NSBDT , Berlin 1944, page 8, quoted from Klaus von Beyme : Der Wiederaufbau . Munich-Zurich 1987, pp. 53, 58)
  4. ↑ Cf. Rainer's insensitive statement against Friedensreich Hundertwasser, persecuted by the Nazis, in: IKUS Lectures No. 7/1992
  5. ↑ https://www.wien.gv.at/stadtentwicklung/studien/pdf/b008280e.pdf
  6. ↑ Franziska Leeb: Eva Rubin: Traveled and arrived. In: diepresse.com . March 9, 2010, accessed March 8, 2020 .
  7. ^ Rosa-Weber-Hof in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
  8. ↑ Super User: Our school. Retrieved September 25, 2018 (German).
  9. ^ Christoph Freyer: Roland Rainer. In: Architects Lexicon Vienna 1880–1945. Architekturzentrum Wien, December 2, 2013, accessed on December 31, 2013 .
  10. ↑ TU Wien: Honorary doctorates ( memento of the original from February 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved March 26, 2015. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tuwien.ac.at
  11. ↑ List of all decorations awarded by the Federal President for services to the Republic of Austria from 1952 (PDF; 6.9 MB)
personal data
SURNAME Rainer, Roland
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian architect
DATE OF BIRTH May 1, 1910
PLACE OF BIRTH Klagenfurt
DATE OF DEATH April 10, 2004
Place of death Vienna