STS-105

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Mission emblem
Mission emblem STS-105
Mission dates
Mission: STS-105
COSPAR-ID : 2001-035A
Crew: 7th
Begin: August 10, 2001, 21:10:14  UTC
Starting place: Kennedy Space Center , LC-39A
Space station: ISS
Coupling: August 12, 2001, 18:41:46 UTC
Decoupling: August 20, 2001, 14:51:30 UTC
Duration on the ISS: 9d 20h 9min 44s
Landing: August 22, 2001, 18:22:58 UTC
Landing place: Kennedy Space Center, Lane 15
Flight duration: 11d 21h 12min 44s
Earth orbits: 186
Track height: Max. 402 km
Covered track: 6.9 million km
Payload: MPLM Leonardo , MISSE
Team photo
Crew of the space shuttle mission STS-105 (bottom) together with the crew of ISS expedition 3 (top right) and the crew of ISS expedition 2 (top left).
Crew of the space shuttle mission STS-105 (bottom) together with the crew of ISS expedition 3 (top right) and the crew of ISS expedition 2 (top left).
◄ Before / After ►
STS-104 STS-108

STS-105 (abbreviation for English S pace T ransportation S ystem) is the mission designation for a flight of the US Space Shuttle Discovery (OV-103) of NASA . The launch took place on August 10, 2001. It was the 106th space shuttle mission, the 30th flight of the space shuttle Discovery and the 11th flight of a shuttle to the International Space Station (ISS).

team

Shuttle crew

ISS crew outward flight

ISS expedition 3 :

replacement

ISS crew return flight

ISS expedition 2 :

(Returned to Earth after a flight time of 167 days, 6 hours and 41 minutes; one way flight on STS-102 )

Mission overview

The permanent crew of the International Space Station was replaced on this flight. In addition, goods and experiments were brought to the station with the Italian logistics module Leonardo. In total, the Discovery remained connected to the ISS for eight days, during which two spacecraft missions were carried out.

Mission details

The third permanent crew for the International Space Station has been put into orbit. With the Discovery, the ISS-2 crew also returned to Earth after 5 months in space. Mostly housed in the Leonardo logistics module, experiments, supplies and equipment were also transported to the station. This also included the EXPRESS racks 4 and 5 (approx. 540 kg each). The new experiments were primarily used for biotechnological and medical research. The Cellular Biotechnology Operations Support System (CBOSS) complex in EXPRESS-Rack 4 was used to analyze the growth of different cell types. For this purpose, CBOSS had a sophisticated temperature control system, a system for freezing the finished samples, a system for regulating the gas supply and a container for holding up to 48 samples. The Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility (APCF) and the Dynamic Controlled Protein Crystal Growth Experiment (DCPCG, both in EXPRESS Rack 1) were also used to grow protein crystals of the highest purity .

The space shuttle docked at the station on August 12, 18:42 GMT. The following day, the bucket seats in the Soyuz spaceship were changed and the Sokol spacesuits for the new crew of the space station were tested. As always, the Soyuz spaceship acted as an emergency escape pod. Also on August 13th, Patrick Forrester's logistics module was lifted out of the loading bay with the aid of the Discovery's manipulator arm and docked on the Unity module (15.55 WZ). Then the unloading began. More than 3 tons of equipment, food and water were stowed in the station. In return, completed experiments and personal items of the ISS-2 crew as well as waste were transported to the Discovery or the logistics module Leonardo. Leonardo was decoupled from the station on August 19 and returned to the shuttle's hold.

On August 14, new software was installed in the Russian service module Zvezda , which was tested on the following days. With it, the control of the station from the Russian part improves. This was particularly important for the arrival of the Russian docking and exit module Pirs in September.

MISSE on the shell of the ISS

On August 16, astronauts Barry and Forrester worked in space for 6 hours and 16 minutes. They installed an ammonia tank on the grid element P6. The ammonia is used as a cooling liquid for the solar cell electronics. Then the first scientific experiment was mounted outboard. Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) comprises 750 different materials whose durability will be tested under the harsh conditions of space. The material complex should be returned to Earth after about a year. During the second exit (Barry and Forrester, duration 5 hours 29 minutes) on August 18, an approximately 15-meter-long power cable was installed for the heating of the grid element S0. S0 is the central element of the lattice structure, which is over 100 meters long, which is mounted on the Destiny laboratory module .

During the joint flight, two orbit maneuvers were carried out with the engines of the Discovery. This raised the station's orbit by about 7 kilometers. After decoupling on August 20, the space shuttle flew around the station at a distance of about 150 meters. Video and photo recordings were made. Then the small satellite Simplesat was started, with which it should be demonstrated how accurate satellite control is via the Global Positioning System GPS.

In the cargo bay of the Discovery were several canisters with experiments that were carried out as part of a special educational program (Shuttle Small Payload Project SSPP) together with students from various states of the USA. This included in particular biological experiments (cell and sprout growth, development of roots, the influence of radiation, temperature fluctuations and weightlessness on various plant seeds) and physical experiments (smoldering fire in weightlessness, corrosion , the influence of high-frequency radiation on natural and synthetic materials, durability of adhesives , Stability of image media, effects of different radiation shields, laser communication, influence of radiation, temperature and microgravity on different materials).

The Discovery landed on the grounds of the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The landing was delayed by one orbit due to a rain shower. After landing, extensive medical examinations took place, especially on the members of the ISS crew. This includes tests of the lungs and the immune system as well as examinations for kidney stone risk.

See also

Web links

Commons : STS-105  - album with pictures, videos and audio files