Salzbach (Rhine)

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Salzbach
Salzbach below the Wiesbaden city center and south of the A 66 at the level of the Hammermühle in a masonry flood bed about 10 meters wide

Salzbach below the Wiesbaden city center and south of the A 66 at the level of the Hammermühle in a masonry flood bed about 10 meters wide

Data
Water code EN : 2512
location Hessen , Germany
River system Rhine
Drain over Rhine  → North Sea
source in the northeast Wiesbaden city forest between Kellerskopf and Rassel
50 ° 8 ′ 33 ″  N , 8 ° 16 ′ 59 ″  E
Source height 395  m above sea level NN 
muzzle on the border between Biebrich and Amöneburg in the Rhine at river kilometer 502, opposite the lower end of the Petersaue Coordinates: 50 ° 1 ′ 54 ″  N , 8 ° 14 ′ 54 ″  E 50 ° 1 ′ 54 ″  N , 8 ° 14 ′ 54 ″  O
Mouth height 81  m above sea level NN 
Height difference 314 m
Bottom slope 21 ‰
length 15.1 km (together with the Rambach)
Catchment area 89.198 km²
Discharge at the mouth of the
A Eo : 89.198 km² 		MNQ
MQ
Mq
 		112 l / s
548 l / s
6.1 l / (s km²)
Left tributaries Laundry brook
Right tributaries Goldsteinbach, Tennelbach, Wellritzbach with Schwarzbach,
Big cities Wiesbaden

The Salzbach together with the Rambach a 15.1 km long right or northeasterly flow of the Rhine and drains the downtown Wiesbaden.

course

The Salzbach rises under the surname Rambach in the northeast Wiesbaden city forest between the Kellerskopf and the Taunushauptkamm . It flows in a narrow valley through the districts of Rambach and Sonnenberg . The valley only widens a little before it joins the Aukamm valley, in which the new Wiesbaden spa district with the thermal baths is located.

There were numerous mills along the Salzbach. The hammer mill buildings were the only ones that remained.

Salzbach Canal

Finally, the stream in front of the Kurparkweiher above the Kurhaus is fed into an underground canal system , only to come back to light after 3.5 kilometers between Theodor-Heuss-Ring and the sewage treatment plant.

This canal system was created between 1900 and 1907 according to the plans of the engineer Josef Brix (1859-1943) in the underground of Wiesbaden city center for the Salzbach and the other waters that flow there. The Salzbach Canal, designed according to the most modern knowledge of the time, with its inlets and branches is considered a masterpiece of engineering and contemporary craftsmanship and is a cultural monument according to the Hessian Monument Protection Act for technical, historical and artistic reasons. As a tunnel vault, the canal consists of solid brickwork with thickly glazed and particularly corrosion-resistant hard-fired facing bricks. It was equipped with electric light from the start.

The course of the canals no longer follows the original watercourse, but has been straightened according to the needs of the construction planning. The Salzbach itself, apart from the portion that feeds the Kurparkweiher, is directed from the canal inlet in a south-westerly direction past the Kurhaus under the Warmen Damm , where part of its water in turn feeds a pond. Then it reaches the intersection of Frankfurter Strasse and Kleine Wilhelmstrasse underground, in order to be directed from here under Wilhelmstrasse and Friedrich-Ebert-Allee to the south to its outlet behind Theodor-Heuss-Ring. It emerges there to the west of the tracks leading to Wiesbaden Central Station . On the east side of the main station there was originally a visitor entrance for guided tours. The canal runs here seven meters below street level. An entrance in Wilhelmstrasse in front of the Villa Clementine is used for public tours .

In heavy rain , the Salzbach Canal is filled to the ceiling with water. However, it cannot always contain the emerging water: On March 28, 1999, the Kurhaus, which is located like a locking bar at the end of the Rambach Valley, was flooded after a storm when the stream bed and the inlet into the underground channel no longer contain the water masses could. Even in the vicinity of the main train station, the lowest part of the city center, the sewer system cannot always contain the amount of rain during severe storms, which leads to flooding.

Underground tributaries

The other bodies of water flowing underground through the inner city are introduced, collected in the Wellritzbach , at the crossing under Frankfurter Strasse. Only from here on does the brook bear the sole name of Salzbach , because it also absorbs the runoff of the many salty thermal springs in the Quellenviertel.

The underground channel for the Wellritzbach is exactly 2 kilometers long and follows the Blücherstraße, Bleichstraße and Faulbrunnenstraße from the inlet at Kurt-Schumacher-Ring, and then strives in a straight line towards the beginning of Frankfurter Straße. On the way, the Wellritzbach takes on the Kesselbach , which runs from the Walkmühltalanlagen in a 1.3 kilometer long canal under Albrecht-Dürer-Straße, Dürerplatz, Seerobenstraße, Sedanplatz and Bismarckring. Finally , shortly before reaching the Salzbach, the Wellritzbach takes on the Schwarzbach , whose underground path begins in the Nero Valley, leads it under Taunusstrasse and Wilhelmstrasse and ends after 1.5 kilometers at Frankfurter Strasse. Before that, the Schwarzbach flows into the level of the Quellenviertel of the Dambach , which is also piped underground for the last 400 meters.

Salzbach just above the Wiesbadener Gleisdreieck, view to the north

Below the canal

South of the Theodor-Heuss-Ring, the Salzbach was given a walled canal bed, which should ensure the rapid drainage of large amounts of surface water from the city center after heavy rain.

Below the sewage treatment plant and at the height of the 300-meter-long Salzbachtalbrücke of the Bundesautobahn 66 , the Salzbach receives its longest tributary, the Waschbach . This is also the only inflow below Wiesbaden city center. The Salzbach runs underground through the Kalle-Albert industrial park and flows into the Rhine at the border between Biebrich and Mainz-Amöneburg at river kilometer 502, opposite the lower end of the Petersaue .

  • Typical entrance opening with spiral staircase to the Salzbach Canal on Gustav-Stresemann-Ring

  • The walled canal at the confluence of Wellritzbach and Kesselbach

  • The Salzbach Canal above the Wellritz estuary

  • Inscription on the Wellritz mouth

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Topographic map 1: 25,000 and WFD database
  2. ↑ Stadtgrün in Wiesbaden (PDF), State Capital Wiesbaden, Office for Green Areas, Agriculture and Forests, 2011
  3. ↑ Wiesbadener Tagblatt from November 11, 2008: From Melonenberg to Culture. About the eventful history of the Salzbach Valley. According to the vernacular, the Bach name is used here in the female form.
  4. ^ Duchy of Nassau 1819-46. Wiesbaden. Historical maps. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on June 8, 2020 .
  5. ↑ Hammermühle , www.sehenswertes-biebrich.de, accessed on June 8, 2020.
  6. ↑ Visit the Salzbach Canal , press release from the City of Wiesbaden on September 5, 2011.
  7. ↑ HMULV press release dated September 11, 2007 on the grant notification for flood protection measures

Web links

Commons : Salzbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files