San Antonio de los Baños
| San Antonio de los Baños | |
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Coordinates: 22 ° 53 ′ N , 82 ° 30 ′ W
San Antonio de los Baños on the map of Cuba
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| Basic data | |
| Country | Cuba |
| province | Artemisa |
| City foundation | 1775 1879 upgraded to a municipality |
| Residents | 48,197 (2012) |
| City insignia | |
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| Detailed data | |
| surface | 364.6 km 2 |
| Population density | 132 inhabitants / km 2 |
| height | 60 m |
| Waters | Río Ariguanabo. |
| Post Code | 10xxx-19xxx |
| prefix | (+53) 7 |
| Time zone | UTC -5 |
| City patron | Antonio Abad |
San Antonio de los Baños is a municipality in the Cuban province of Artemisa . It is located approx. 35 km southwest of the Cuban capital Havana and has approx. 48,197 inhabitants ( as of 2012 ). The city is famous for the Escuela Internacional de Cine y Televisión , a film school that offers facilities for lavish film shoots.
The famous musician Silvio Rodríguez lived in San Antonio de los Baños.
history
From 1760, the Spanish Armada was also equipped in the shipyards of Habanna for war against England. This led to clearing of the cedar and mahogany forests of the haciendas Rancho (Boyeros), Alquízar, Güira de Melena and the catchment area of the Río Ariguanabo.
When Agustín de Cárdena was awarded the title of Marqués de Cárdenas de Montehermoso in 1765 , a scattered settlement called San Antonio Abad or San Antonio del Ariguanabo existed in this area.
At the place where the logging road crossed the Río Ariguanabo, an immigrant from the Canary Islands built a restaurant.
After the revolution in Haiti between 1791 and 1803, nothing more was bought for the world market from what was then the world's largest sugar producer .
Some of the French sugar growers had emigrated to Cuba. From 1800 the cultivation of sugar cane began in the area of San Antonio de los Baños and after a short time sugar cane was cultivated on all productive soils.
The second Marquis de Cárdenas de Montehermoso, Gabriel María de Cárdenas, a wealthy and prominent Cuban, published a study in 1792 with the support of Francisco de Arango y Parreño , Charles IV (Spain) : Discurso sobre la agricultura de La Habana y medios para fomentarla (Discourse on agriculture in Havana and measures to promote it). The Real Cédula de Gracia of 1794 confirmed a hereditary corregimiento to the Marqués de Monte Hermoso.
De Cárdenas succeeded in persuading the Capitán General de Cuba , Luis de las Casas , to accept a large number of French migrants from Haiti in the Jurisdicción de San Antonio.
The French occupation of Spain partly led to revolts by independence movements in the Spanish colonies. The Spanish colonies were ruled by the Junta Suprema Central . This initiated a persecution of the French who lived in the colonies. In the circular of July 28, 1808, the Capitán General de Cuba , Salvador del Muro y Salazar, Marqués de Someruelos, the Marquis de Monte Hermoso ordered that all French citizens in San Antonio who have not yet been naturalized should take an oath of allegiance to the King of Spain managed to leave Cuba on short notice.
The Cedula of 1832, under the Cortes of Cádiz , with which San Antonio was upgraded to a villa, limited the fiefdom to the lifetime of the current Marqués de Monte Hermoso.
Laguna de Ariguanabo
The Llanura de San Antonio is a slightly elevated plain in the north of the Municipio San Antonio de los Banos, which lies between the Sierra de Anafe and the Sierra de Bejucal . In the south it is bounded by the Municipios Alquízar and Güira de Melena and in the west by the Province of Pinar del Río .
The Laguna de Ariguanabo lies in a depression in the center of the plain . Depending on the water level, it is one of the largest lakes in Cuba. It has different names in different places. The eastern part is called Biragua, the western part Loreto and the northern part Perdigón. The Laguna de Ariguanabo is said to have arisen from the rainfall of a cyclone in 1791. In 1781 the Laguna de Biragua, the Laguna de Ariguanabo and the Laguna de Guandambú were mapped in their place. In 1960, William Alexander Morgan ran a bullfrog farm on the Laguna de Ariguanabo .
Aeródromo de San Antonio de los Baños
The military airfield was built as San Antonio Air Base also Cayuga or Batista AAF by the US armed forces during the Second World War. Here were Consolidated B-24 stationed, which patrolled over the Caribbean. After the Second World War, the base was handed over to the Cuban government. During the Bay of Pigs invasion , the Aeródromo de San Antonio de los Baños was attacked on April 15, 1961. During the Cuban Missile Crisis October 16-28, 1962, Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15s of the Revolutionary Air Defense were stationed here. The two MiG-23 and MiG-29 fighter planes that shot down two unarmed civilian aircraft belonging to the Cuban-exile organization Brothers to the Rescue on February 24, 1996 over international waters between Cuba and Florida , were also based in San Antonio.
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.guije.com/pueblo/municipios/hsanantoniob/index.htm
- ^ The Hemisphere: Improbable Frogman. In: Time . May 30, 1960.
- ↑ http://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/msc_cuba001.asp
- ↑ United Nations: Report on the shooting down of two US-registered private civil aircraft by Cuban military aircraft on February 24, 1996 ( Memento of the original from December 3, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 12.3 MB) ICAO report from June 20, 1996, accessed on September 20, 2011 (English)
