San Nicola da Tolentino (Venice)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
San Nicola da Tolentino
The north side of the church with the campanile.
San Nicola da Tolentino

San Nicola da Tolentino called I Tolentini is a baroque church in Venice in the Santa Croce sestiere near Piazzale Roma . The patron saint of the church is St. Nicholas of Tolentino .

history

San Nicola is the church of the monastery of the same name on the Rio I Tolentini in Venice. After the Sacco di Roma in 1527, the founder of the Theatine order , Gaetan di Thiene , fled Rome to Venice and received the monastery of San Nicola from the Senate for his monastic community. The Theatines were involved in Venice in the welfare of the poor, nursing the sick and especially as helpers during the plague epidemic of 1528 .

The church was built by Vincenzo Scamozzi between 1591 and 1602. Between 1706 and 1714 the pronaos with temple gable was built according to the design of Andrea Tiralis . The crossing of the church was originally domed. However, the dome collapsed soon after its completion and was replaced by a flat roof over the dome drum with an illusionistically painted dome by Gerolamo Mengozzi Colonna. During the bombardment of the city by Austrian troops in 1849, I Tolentini also came under fire. A cannon ball penetrated the ceiling, remained in front of the main altar and was later fitted into the facade as a souvenir.

The former Tolentin convent building, modernized 1956–68 by Daniele Calabi and provided with an entrance by Carlo Scarpa , is now the seat of the Faculty of Architecture (IUAV) of the University of Venice .

architecture

Scamozzi's longitudinal building with side chapels and domed crossing is based on Palladio's concept for a modern church building, which corresponded to the Tridentine specifications for a modern church building and which Palladio had already carried out in the Redentore and in San Giorgio Maggiore .

The unadorned facade made of brick masonry is preceded by a large temple-like vestibule with six Corinthian columns and a triangular gable with an ornamentally decorated oval oculus . It was built by Andrea Tirali between 1706 and 1714.

The church's campanile from the early 18th century is 47 meters high. An octagonal tambour with a copper-covered onion dome rises above the bell chamber, which is open with four biforic windows .

Furnishing

High altar by Baldassare Longhena and Giusto Le Court

The painting of the church comes from the 17th and 18th centuries. Unlike Palladio's churches, San Nicola is lavishly decorated with stucco work, oil paintings, frescoes and a multicolored marble floor. The high altar was designed by Baldassare Longhena , and the marble angels next to the tabernacle were created by the sculptor Giusto Le Court from Flanders .

Paintings and frescoes

Within the richly picturesque furnishings of the church are the most important altar paintings of St. Lawrence distributed the church treasure to the poor by Bernardo Strozzi (around 1640; left in front of the choir) and the vision of St. Jerome by Johann Liss (around 1627), as well as paintings from Padovanino and Palma il Giovane . The illusionistic dome fresco is the work of Gaetano Zompini.

organ

The church's baroque organ is attributed to the Croatian-Italian organ builder Pietro Nacchini (1694–1769). It has been almost completely preserved in its original state.

Tombs

The doges Giovanni I. Cornaro , Francesco Cornaro , Giovanni II. Cornaro and Paolo Renier were buried in I Tolentini . The magnificent tomb of Cardinal Francesco Morosini from 1683, inspired by Bernini , is the work of the Genoese sculptor Filippo Parodi .

  • Johann Liss : Vision of St. Jerome , around 1627

  • Bernardo Strozzi : St. Laurentius distributes the church treasure to the poor , around 1640

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Istituto Universitario di Architettura in the Convento dei Tolentini. In: arch INFORM .
  2. ↑ Paola Rossi: From Mannerism to Baroque - The Venetian Sculpture in the 17th Century , in: Giandomenico Romanelli (Ed.): Venice - Art and Architecture , Vol. 2, Könemann, Cologne, 1997, pp. 492-523, here: P. 506
  3. ^ Thorsten Droste: Venice (art travel guide), Dumont, Cologne 1996, p. 183
  4. ↑ Loredana Olivato: From Mannerism to Baroque - The Venetian Painting from the late 16th to 17th Century , in: Giandomenico Romanelli (Ed.): Venice - Art and Architecture , Vol. 2, Könemann, Cologne, 1997, p. 524– 575, here: pp. 548-551
  5. ↑ Filippo Parodi Biography

literature

  • Andrea Da Mosto : La facciata della chiesa di S. Nicolò da Tolentino , in: Carlo Cipolla (ed.): Scritti storici in memoria di Giovanni Monticolo , Ferrari, Venice 1922, pp. 150–156.
  • Loredana Olivato: From Mannerism to Baroque - The Venetian Painting from the late 16th to 17th Century , in: Giandomenico Romanelli (Ed.): Venice - Art and Architecture , Vol. 2, Könemann, Cologne, 1997, pp. 524-575 , here: pp. 548–551 (on paintings by Liss and Strozzi)
  • Paola Rossi: From Mannerism to Baroque - The Venetian sculpture in the 17th century , in: Giandomenico Romanelli (Ed.): Venice - Art and Architecture , Vol. 2, Könemann, Cologne, 1997, pp. 492-523
  • Reclam's Art Guide Italy , Vol. 2: Oberitalien Ost , Stuttgart 1968. pp. 919–920.

Web links

Commons : San Nicola da Tolentino (Venice)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 45 ° 26 ′ 15.3 ″  N , 12 ° 19 ′ 19 ″  E