Tübingen city cemetery

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
With a view of the collegiate church
View of the supervisor building and towards Gmelinstrasse with the university buildings in the background

The Tübingen city cemetery is one of eleven city cemeteries and is located in the University district of the university city of Tübingen . The approximately three hectare cemetery was laid out in 1829 according to the ideas of the then senior medical officer Gotthold Immanuel Jakob Uhland, an uncle of the poet Ludwig Uhland , and was occupied until 1968. The entire complex (enclosure, gates, network of paths, grave fields, war memorials, memorial site grave field X and cemetery chapel) is a listed building . The burial site has been reopened since 2002 and the 3100 grave sites can be re-occupied as part of a monument protection concept through grave sponsorships. The small cemetery in terms of area, with the tombs for 170 professors and 112 pastors, is one of the most remarkable cemeteries in Germany.

history

In 1829, the cemetery was laid out on what was then the hospital fields in the Käsenbachtal, after the original churchyard of the Tübingen citizens on the Ammer became too small. From this cemetery only a part of its former wall in the old botanical garden is preserved. The old gravestones on the chapel of the city cemetery come from there.

On November 30, 1829, the first person to be buried in the cemetery was a blacksmith named Jakob Engelfried. From now on the cemetery was called Engelfriedshof by the common people . His grave is no longer preserved today. The oldest surviving grave is that of the merchant and confectioner Jacob Conrad Schweickhardt from 1830.

The cemetery has three entrances and a so-called overseer building. According to the ideas of senior medical officer Uhland, the new cemetery should be located at a suitable distance from the city and be characterized by regular grave fields, trees and fragrant shrubs. The planned chapel could not be inaugurated until 1894. As recently as 1843, the model project was more like a Swabian kitchen garden or a meadow orchard with fruit trees and fodder meadows, which were made available to overseers and grave diggers for a small rent. However, a beautification association ensured that the inconspicuous churchyard became a park-like cemetery. In 1849 the cemetery was expanded to include grave fields S, T, X, Z to the east. The burial ground X was from then on to 1963 a burial ground of the anatomical Institute of Eberhard Karls University .

In 1872 the grave fields L, Q were expanded to the north. Finally, in 1920, the grave fields U, V, W were laid out in a westerly direction. The cemetery became too small over time, an expansion was impossible due to the terrain, so that in 1950 the mountain cemetery was opened on the Galgenberg. It has now become the city's main cemetery. In 1968 the city cemetery was closed to new occupations.

In May 2000 the city council of Tübingen decided to reopen the cemetery as part of a sophisticated monument protection concept.

Buried people

Holderlin's grave
Grave of Friedrich Silcher
Ludwig Uhland's grave was covered only with ivy and evergreens at the request of his wife
Grave of Hermann Kurz
Grave of Gustav von Rümelin
Grave of Julius Gös
Grave of Christoph von Sigwart
Grave of Ludwig Schwabe
Grave of Marie Kurz and Isolde Kurz
Grave of Hermann Haußer
Georg Dehio's grave
Grave of Adolf Scheef
Grave of Theodor Steinbüchel
Grave of Adolf Hartmeyer
Grave of Walter Erbe
Carlo Schmid's grave
Grave of Kurt Georg Kiesinger
  • Moritz von Aberle (* 1819 Rottum near Biberach; † 1875 Tübingen), Catholic theologian.
  • Karl Borromäus Adam (* 1876 Pursruck, Upper Palatinate; † 1966 Tübingen) was a Catholic theologian who advocated the compatibility of Catholicism and National Socialism.
  • Erich Adickes (* 1866 Lesum; † 1928 Tübingen), philosopher.
  • Johann Hermann Heinrich Ferdinand von Autenrieth (* 1772 Stuttgart, † 1835 Tübingen), physician.
  • Ferdinand Christian Baur (* 1792 Schmiden bei Fellbach; † 1860 Tübingen), church and dogma historian, who introduced the historical-critical method into New Testament research.
  • Johann Tobias Beck (* 1804 Balingen; † 1878 Tübingen), Protestant theologian.
  • Ernst Bengel (* 1735 in Denkendorf; † 1793), superintendent. His tombstone on the south wall of the chapel is considered the oldest surviving tombstone in the cemetery.
  • Otto Betz (* 1917 Herrentierbach, Schwäbisch Hall district; † 2005 Tübingen), Protestant theologian and New Testament scholar.
  • Robert-Alexander Bohnke , (* 1927 Berlin; † 2004 Tübingen), pianist and professor.
  • Paul Eduard von Bruns (* 1846 Tübingen; † 1916 Tübingen), surgeon.
  • Victor von Bruns (* 1812 Helmstedt; † 1883 Tübingen), surgeon.
  • Friedrich Dannenmann (* 1864 in Tübingen; † 1952 there) was a Tübingen master builder , contractor and local politician.
  • Georg Dehio (* 1850 Reval; † 1932 Tübingen), art historian.
  • Johann Sebastian von Drey (* 1777 in Röhlingen-Killingen; † 1853 Tübingen), Catholic theologian with a focus on theological apologetics and fundamental theology.
  • Gerhard Elwert (* 1912 in Hohengehren near Esslingen; † 1998), astrophysicist at the University of Tübingen.
  • Walter Erbe (* 1909 Reutlingen; † 1967 in Tübingen), politician of the FDP / DVP and law professor.
  • Hermann von Fischer (* 1851 Stuttgart; † 1920 Tübingen), Germanist and dialect researcher with the project to collect Swabian linguistic treasures.
  • Margarete Fischer-Bosch (* 1888 in Stuttgart; † January 19, 1972 there) was a German politician.
  • Hans Gmelin (* 1911 Tübingen; † 1991 Tübingen), lawyer, Legation Councilor at the German Legation in Slovakia and Lord Mayor of Tübingen.
  • Julius Gös (* 1830 Aalen; † 1897 Tübingen), Lord Mayor of Tübingen.
  • Robert Gradmann (* 1865 Lauffen am Neckar, † 1950 in Sindelfingen) pastor, geographer, botanist and regional scientist.
  • Theodor Haering (* 1884 Stuttgart; † 1964 Tübingen) Professor of Philosophy.
  • Carl Friedrich Haug (* 1795 Stuttgart; † 1869 Tübingen), Protestant theologian, professor of universal history at the Eberhard Karls University.
  • Adolf Hartmeyer , Lord Mayor of Tübingen.
  • Hermann Haußer , Lord Mayor of Tübingen.
  • Christoph Friedrich Hegelmaier , professor of botany.
  • Carl Heinrich Ludwig Hoffmann (* 1807 Nürtingen; † 1881 Esslingen), professor of finance, police and administrative law.
  • Friedrich Hölderlin (* 1770 Lauffen am Neckar; † 1843 Tübingen), German poet from the Weimar Classic and Romantic periods. Friedrich Hölderlin's half-brother Karl Gok had the poet's name, date of birth and date of death engraved on the light gray, 1.90 meter high sandstone. But the date of birth is not entirely correct: It should be March 20th instead of March 29th. There is a hook on the cross on the tombstone from which a copper laurel wreath can be hung. The last wreath has been kept in Tübingen's cultural office for more than 20 years as a precaution so that it does not get lost.
  • Karl von Hügel , district court director, royal chamberlain.
  • Walter Jens (* 1923 Hamburg; † 2013 Tübingen) was a German classical philologist, literary historian, writer, critic and translator.
  • Emil Kauffmann (1836–1909), university music director
  • Kurt Georg Kiesinger (* 1904 Ebingen; † 1988 Tübingen) politician (CDU), Prime Minister of Baden-Württemberg, Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany and Federal Chairman of the CDU.
  • Ferdinand Kittel (* 1832 Resterhafe, East Friesland; † 1903 Tübingen), missionary of the Basel Mission, who researched the southern Indian language Kannada.
  • Norbert Kloten (* 1926 in Sinzig; † 2006 in Tübingen), economist, President of the Landeszentralbank Baden-Württemberg and Chairman of the Advisory Council for the Assessment of Overall Economic Development.
  • Karl August Klüpfel (* 1810 Darmsheim; † 1894 in Tübingen), historian and son-in-law, biographer and posthumous editor of Gustav Schwab's works.
  • Ludwig von Köhler (* 1868 Elberfeld; 1953 Ludwigsburg) was the last Minister of the Interior of the Kingdom of Württemberg.
  • Christian Reinhold Köstlin (* 1813 Tübingen; † 1856 Tübingen), legal scholar for criminal law and poet lawyer.
  • Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb von Köstlin (* 1785 in Nürtingen; † 1854 in Tübingen), Protestant theologian, professor and Ephorus at the Evangelical Theological Seminary in Bad Urach (tombstone in the cemetery chapel).
  • Karl Reinhold Köstlin (* 1819 Bad Urach; 1894 Tübingen), Protestant theologian, professor of aesthetics at the University of Tübingen (tombstone in the cemetery chapel).
  • Pauline Krone (* 1859 Gniebel; † 1945 Tübingen), writer and philanthropist.
  • Bernhard von Kugler (* 1837 Berlin; † 1898 Tübingen), historian.
  • Isolde Kurz (* 1853 Stuttgart; † 1944 Tübingen), writer and translator.
  • Hermann Kurz (* 1813 Reutlingen; † 1873 Tübingen) writer at the Swabian school of poets, journalist and translator.
  • Marie Kurz (* August 6, 1826 in Ulm as Marie von Brunnow; † June 26, 1911 in Munich) The "red 'Marie". Pacifist, socialist and writer of political manifestos.
  • Maximilian Albert Landerer , (* 1810 Maulbronn; † 1878 Tübingen) professor of Protestant theology.
  • Josephine Caroline Lang (* 1815 Munich; † 1880 Tübingen), song composer and singer of the Romantic era.
  • Konrad von Lange (* 1855 Göttingen; † July 29, 1921), art historian and teacher.
  • Carl von Liebermeister (* 1833 Ronsdorf; † 1901 Tübingen), internist.
  • Theodor Liesching (* 1865 Stuttgart; † 1922 Böblingen), lawyer and politician.
  • Enno Littmann (* 1875 Oldenburg; † 1958 Tübingen), German orientalist.
  • Alfred Löckle (* 1878 Böblingen; † 1943 Munich), German librarian.
  • Karl Friedrich Hartmann Mayer (* 1786 Bischofsheim; † 1870 Tübingen), lawyer and poet from the Swabian school of poets.
  • Lothar Meyer (* 1830 in Varel, Oldenburg; † 1895 Tübingen), doctor and chemist. Co-founder of the periodic table of the chemical elements.
  • Adolph Michaelis (* 1797 in Hameln; 1863 in Tübingen), legal scholar.
  • Hugo von Mohl (* 1805 Stuttgart; † 1872 Tübingen), German botanist, doctor and university professor.
  • Eugen Nägele (* 1856 Murrhardt; † 1937 Tübingen), conservationist, educator and local history researcher. Founding member of the Swabian Alb Association and the Swabian Youth Hostel Association.
  • Emil Niethammer (* 1869 Stuttgart, † 1956 in Tübingen), lawyer and member of the state parliament.
  • Traugott Konstantin Oesterreich (* 1880 Stettin; † 1949 Tübingen), religious philosopher and psychologist.
  • Paul Achatius Pfizer (* 1801 Stuttgart; † 1867 Tübingen), Württemberg politician, journalist, lawyer and philosopher.
  • Friedrich August von Quenstedt (* 1809 Eisleben; † 1889 Tübingen), geologist, paleontologist, mineralogist and crystallographer. Because no one paid for the care of the grave, his tombstone was cleared in 1978. Since the designation of the city cemetery as a cultural monument in 1987, graves have only been cleared from the city cemetery at the request of relatives.
  • Jakob Friedrich Reiff (* 1810 Vaihingen an der Enz; † 1879 Tübingen), philosopher.
  • Gustav von Rümelin (* 1815 Ravensburg; † 1889 Tübingen), educator, politician and statistician.
  • Adolf Scheef (* 1874 Nürtingen; † 1944 Tübingen) Lord Mayor of Tübingen.
  • Anna Schieber (* 1867 Esslingen; † 1945 Tübingen), writer.
  • Adolf Schlatter (* 1852 St. Gallen; † 1938 in Tübingen), Swiss Protestant theologian and professor for the New Testament and systematics in Bern, Greifswald, Berlin and Tübingen.
  • Carlo Schmid (* 1896 Perpignan, France; † 1979 Bad Honnef), politician (SPD) and constitutional lawyer.
  • Klaus Scholder (* 1930 Erlangen; † 1985 Tübingen), professor for Protestant church history.
  • Gustav von Schönberg (* 1839 Stettin; † 1908 Tübingen), national economist, university chancellor and honorary citizen of Tübingen.
  • Johann Gottfried Schuncke , (1777–1861) horn player.
  • Wilhelm Schussen (* 1874 in Kleinwinnaden near Bad Schussenried, † 1956 Tübingen), German writer.
  • Ludwig Schwabe (* 1835 Gießen; † 1908 Tübingen), philologist and archaeologist as well as professor of classical philology and classical archeology.
  • Albert Schwegler (* 1819 Michelbach an der Bilz; † 1857 Tübingen), theologian, philosopher and historian.
  • Jacob Conrad Schweickhardt (born July 3, 1772, presumably in Tübingen, † December 2, 1830 in Tübingen), Tübingen merchant and confectioner. His remains are in the oldest surviving grave in the Tübingen city cemetery.
  • Walter Schwenninger (* 1942 Munich; † 2010 Tübingen), teacher, German politician.
  • Christoph von Sigwart (* 1830 Tübingen; † 1904 Tübingen), German philosopher.
  • Friedrich Silcher (* 1789 Schnait im Remstal; † 1860 Tübingen), composer and music teacher.
  • Eugene Spiro (* 1874 Breslau, Silesia, † 1972 in New York), German-American painter and graphic artist.
  • Eduard Spranger (* 1882 Berlin-Lichterfelde; † 1963 Tübingen), philosopher, educator and psychologist
  • Rudolf Stadelmann (* 1902 Adelmannsfelden; † 1949 Tübingen), German historian and professor of modern history.
  • Theodor Steinbüchel (* 1888 in Cologne, † 1949 in Tübingen), Catholic moral theologian and social ethicist, rector of the University of Tübingen (1946–1948).
  • Wilhelm Siegmund Teuffel (* 1820 Ludwigsburg; † 1878 Tübingen), German classical philologist.
  • Woldemar von Uexküll-Gyllenband , Professor of History.
  • Ludwig Uhland (* 1787 Tübingen; † 1862 Tübingen), poet, literary scholar, lawyer and politician. His wife Emilie is buried next to Uhland. According to their wishes, the grave should only be overgrown with ivy and evergreens. Uhland's gravestone is so simple and oriented to the east because the poet had already decreed in March 1812:
"Just set me a bare stone,
Not pictures on it, nor words on it,
But if you should turn it to the east,
Dawn will transfigure him. "
  • Karl von Vierordt (* 1818 Lahr, Baden; † 1884 Tübingen), physiologist.
  • Hermann Vöchting (* 1847 in Blomberg, † 1917 in Tübingen), German botanist.
  • Mathilde Weber , women's rights activist and social worker. The grave was lifted in 1978.
  • Carl Heinrich Weizsäcker (* 1822 in Öhringen; † 1899 in Tübingen) was a Protestant theologian and Chancellor of the University of Tübingen.
  • Eberhard Wildermuth (* 1890 Stuttgart; † 1952 Tübingen), politician (FDP / DVP) and Federal Minister for Housing.
  • Ottilie Wildermuth (* 1817 Rottenburg am Neckar; † 1877 Tübingen), writer and author of books for young people.
  • Lilli Zapf (* 1896 Nördlingen; † 1982 Tübingen), dealt with the history of the Tübingen Jews, about which she published a book in 1974.
  • Friedrich Zundel (* 1875 Iptingen near Wiernsheim, † 1948 in Stuttgart), painter, farmer and patron.
  • Paula Zundel (born: Bosch; * 1889; † 1974 in Tübingen) was a daughter of Robert and Anna Bosch.

The city cemetery with the people buried on it is a microcosm of the city and history of Tübingen and its citizens. Anyone entering the city cemetery through the modest wrought-iron gate from Gemelinstrasse should not expect any significant works of art in front of them. The tombs should be very simple in Tübingen , which was then characterized by Pietism . More important was the naming of an academic title, the professional position or the rank of the deceased on the gravestone .

  • 1 former Federal Chancellor
  • 170 professors
  • 112 pastors
  • 83 doctors
  • 82 postal workers
  • 54 councilors
  • 42 innkeepers
  • 30 booksellers
  • 27 other men with doctorates
  • 12 librarians
  • 19 printer
  • 19 bookbinders
  • 13 photographers
  • 7 missionaries
  • 7 court directors
  • 5 publishers

Tübingen, a city with no industry worth mentioning, lived not only with it, but also from its university. The post and restaurant system found its expression in the cemetery in the form of an unusual cluster of 42 innkeepers and 82 post office workers' graves.

See also

literature

  • Helmut Hornbogen: The Tübingen city cemetery. Paths through the garden of memory. Verlag Schwäbisches Tagblatt, Tübingen 1995, ISBN 3-928011-16-2 .
  • Barbara Happe: The development of the German cemeteries from the Reformation to 1870. Tübingen Association for Folklore, Tübingen 1991, ISBN 3-925340-69-6 ( Studies by the Ludwig Uhland Institute of the University of Tübingen. Vol. 77), (At the same time: Tübingen, Univ., Diss., 1988).
  • Benigna Schönhagen : Das Gräberfeld X. A documentation about Nazi victims in the Tübingen city cemetery. Kulturamt, Tübingen 1987 ( Kleine Tübinger Schriften. Heft 11, ZDB -ID 1103345-9 ).

Web links

Commons : Stadtfriedhof (Tübingen)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Tübinger Stadtfriedhof 2012 (PDF; 2.5 MB) , published by the University City of Tübingen, 2012.
  2. ↑ Albert Füger and Ingrid Vogler: Renovation and conversion of the supervisor's building in the city cemetery ( Memento of the original from November 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tuebingen.de archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 45 kB) , University City of Tübingen, draft resolution 316/2008, October 10, 2008.
  3. ↑ Schwäbisches Tagblatt : What Tübingen monuments say about coming to terms with the Nazi era from March 26, 2010, accessed on June 10, 2010
  4. ↑ Church in the Nazi state: Karl Adam's Faith in God and Adolf Hitler  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.zeit-zeugnisse.de  
  5. ↑ Otto Buchegger: The Tübingen city cemetery ( Memento from June 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ Herder: Otto Betz.
  7. ↑ Hermann Fischer's tomb renovated: He is loyal in the depths of his soul who loves his homeland as much as you do.
  8. ↑ a b c Michael Petersen: Just put a blank stone on me Stuttgarter Zeitung, December 30, 1998.
  9. ↑ Funeral service in the collegiate church, burial in the city cemetery - hundreds said goodbye to Walter Jens. Schwäbisches Tagblatt, June 17, 2013.
  10. ↑ The Schunckes, a strange family in the music world, from the baroque to the present day

Coordinates: 48 ° 31 '33.6 "  N , 9 ° 3' 25.8"  E