Stone cranesbill
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Stone cranesbill ( Geranium columbinum ) |
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| Geranium columbinum | ||||||||||||
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The stone cranesbill ( Geranium columbinum ), also known as the pigeon cranesbill , is a member of the cranesbill family (Geraniaceae) that is scattered to widespread in Central Europe .
description
The annual herbaceous plant reaches a height or length of 15 to 60 cm. The stem is spread out, ascending or more or less erect. Like the long inflorescence stalks, it is covered with short hairs that are pressed down in the upper part. These have a length of about 0.4 mm. The hair on the lower part of the stem can also be directed forward, but is close fitting. The whole plant has no glandular hairs. The leaf blades of the basal leaves are 5 to 7 parts almost to the base of the stalk, the leaf lobes have 2 to 3 deep incisions or are simply pinnate. The leaf lobes of the stem leaves are single to double pinnate. All stem leaves are opposite.
The sepals have a 1.5 to 3 mm long awn with a white skin edge and enlarge as the fruit ripens. The petals are wrong-heart-shaped, rose-red to purple in color, about 8 to 10 mm long and bearded at the base. They are slightly longer than the calyx when they bloom. The fruit has a length of about 2.5 cm with awn and is scattered hairy.
It blooms between May and September.
The species has chromosome number 2n = 18.
distribution
Location requirements
The stone cranesbill grows in weed societies. It prefers moderately dry, nutrient-rich, mostly calcareous, loamy or sandy-loamy soils. It is a Chenopodietea class character in Central Europe.
General distribution
Geranium columbinum occurs in Europe to the Mediterranean area and east to Central Asia. It was also introduced in North America. It is a Eurasian-sub-Mediterranean floral element. In Austria it occurs very scattered, while in Switzerland it is to be found widespread.
It rises in the Allgäu Alps on the southeast slope of the Mittagsfluh near Bizau in Vorarlberg to heights of 1300 m above sea level.
Distribution in Germany
The stone cranesbill is common to absent-minded in Germany. However, it is mostly absent in the northwest of the area.
Others
When the awn is rolled up, the seeds are thrown from the fruit compartment approx. 1.5 m. So it's self-propagation.
literature
- Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
- Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria. Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer . Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
- August Binz , Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland , Schwabe & Co. AG, Basel, 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4
- Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora , Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3
- Christian August Friedrich Garcke : Illustrierte Flora , 1972, Paul Parey publishing house, ISBN 3-489-68034-0
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. Page 626. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 170.
Web links
- Stone cranesbill. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Geranium columbinum L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved November 28, 2015.
- Distribution in the northern hemisphere according to Eric Hultén
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
