Stepan Dmitrievich Janovsky

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Stepan Dmitriyevich Janowski ( Russian : Степан Дмитриевич Яновский, English: Stepan Dmitriyevich Yanovsky, also: Ianovsky; * 1817 ; † 1897 in Switzerland ) was a Russian doctor . He was the doctor and a close friend of Fyodor Dostoyevsky ; the correspondence of the two men and the memoirs that Janowski wrote down are important documents for Dostoevsky research.

Life

Janowski studied at the Moscow Academy of Surgery and then served as a doctor in the Preobrazhensky regiment . He then worked in Saint Petersburg in the service of the Russian health authority. In the spring of 1846 Dostoyevsky suffered from a local inflammation or STI and consulted Janowski at the end of May on the recommendation of his friend Valerian N. Maikow. Treatment lasted until mid-July. Dostoyevsky also spoke to him about his neurological problems: he suffered from acoustic hallucinations and frequently lost consciousness. Janowski certified him as having a "nervous disorder", but did not consider these symptoms to be signs of epilepsy . Because he was well acquainted with the neurological situation of his patient, he is responsible for Dostoyevsky's research, which deals with the author's epilepsy and his presentation of the disease - and others. a. in the novels The Idiot , Humiliated and Offended and The Brothers Karamazov - has dealt extensively with an important source of information. Janowski was interested in literature and was not only Dostoyevsky's doctor, but also his closest personal friend from 1846 to 1849. Dostoyevsky learned a lot about psychopathology from books that Janowski lent him and about which they talked to one another , which he later processed in his novels.

When Dostoyevsky returned from exile in 1859, the two men immediately resumed contact. Janowski had meanwhile the actress Alexandra Iwanowna Schubert, b. Kulikowa (1827-1909) married. The marriage was unhappy. Alexandra missed her job and therefore moved from Petersburg to Moscow without her husband . Dostoevsky sided with Alexandra in these conflicts and was very close to her in 1860.

Janowski retired in 1871 and lived in Switzerland from 1877 until his death.

literature

  • Stepan Ianovsky: First Accounts of a Doctor About Dostoevsky's Epilepsy . In: Peter Sekirin (Ed.): The Dostoevsky Archive . Firsthand Accounts of the Novelist from Contemporaries' Memoirs and Rare Periodicals. McFarland, Jefferson, North Carolina 1997, ISBN 0-7864-0264-4 , pp. 72 .
  • James L. Rice: Dostoevsky and the Healing Art . An Essay in Literary and Medical History. Ardis, 1985, ISBN 0-88233-929-X .

Janowski in the film

In the Russian multi-part television series Dostoyevsky (2010), Janowski is played by the Moscow actor Dmitri Pewzow.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ James L. Rice: Dostoevsky and the Healing Art . An Essay in Literary and Medical History. Ardis, 1985, p. 3 .
  2. ^ From the Reminiscences about Dostoevsky. Retrieved November 27, 2013 .
  3. ^ Brian Johnson: The Art of Dostoevsky's Falling Sickness . Ann Arbor 2008, p. 15 .
  4. ↑ PHA Voskuil: Epilepsy in Dostoevsky's Novels . In: Julien Bogousslavsky, Sebastien Dieguez (Ed.): Literary Medicine . Brain Disease and Doctors in Novels, Theater, and Film. Karger, 2013, ISBN 978-3-318-02271-1 , pp. 210 . ( limited online version in Google Book Search)
  5. ^ Louis Breger: Dostoevsky . The Author as Psychoanalyst. New York University Press, 1989, ISBN 0-8147-1151-0 , pp. 115 . ( limited online version in Google Book Search); Brian Johnson: The Art of Dostoevsky's Falling Sickness . Ann Arbor 2008, p. 14 . ( limited online version in Google Book Search); Skye Harvest Allen: Dostoevsky, Madness, and Religious Fervor . Reason and Its Adversaries. 2008, p. 13 . ( limited online version in Google Book Search); Konstantin Mochulsky: Dostoevsky . His Life and Work. Princeton University Press, 1967, ISBN 0-691-06027-4 , pp. 54 . ; Jacques Catteau: Dostoyevsky and the Process of Literary Creation . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1978, ISBN 0-521-32436-X , pp. 100 . ( limited online version in Google Book Search)
  6. ^ Brian Johnson: The Art of Dostoevsky's Falling Sickness . Ann Arbor 2008, p. 8 .
  7. ↑ Laurence Senelick: Historical Dictionary of Russian Theater . Scarecrow Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-8108-5792-6 , pp. 351 . ( limited online version in Google Book Search)
  8. ^ Konstantin Mochulsky: Dostoevsky . His Life and Work. Princeton University Press, 1967, ISBN 0-691-06027-4 , pp. 183 f . ; Louis Breger: Dostoevsky . The Author as Psychoanalyst. New York University Press, 1989, ISBN 0-8147-1151-0 , pp. 169 .
personal data
SURNAME Janowski, Stepan Dmitrievich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Степан Дмитриевич Яновский (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian doctor
DATE OF BIRTH 1817
DATE OF DEATH 1897
Place of death Switzerland