Stolzenhain on the Röder
Stolzenhain an der Röder is a district of the municipality of Röderland in the south-eastern part of Brandenburg in the Elbe-Elster district .
geography
Stolzenhain is located on the Großer Röder . The place is about 75 km east of Leipzig , about 50 km northwest of Dresden , about 130 km south of Berlin and about 70 km southwest of Cottbus . The western arm of the Großer Röder has always been called the “Landgraben”. There was a ford through the river next to the current Röder bridge .
history
founding
The first documentary mention comes from the year 1406. The place Stolzenhain is in the domain of the Margraves of Meissen . The bishops of Naumburg had an important, if not completely clarified, role in founding the place. A noble family called "von Stolzenhain", Ministeriale of the Bishops of Naumburg, was active in this area. According to the documents, the "von Stolzenhain" come from the Zeitz area , which at that time belonged to the diocese of Naumburg , where there is another place called Stolzenhain, which belongs to Droyzut .
Stolzenhain is a typical rural village . Because of the rounded Angers, a Slavic Rundling was assumed to be the predecessor settlement, to which the later village green was attached. However, there are no written sources or archaeological excavations to confirm this.
Affiliation and national politics
The place Stolzenhain has belonged to the margraviate of Meissen since its foundation . When they merged with the Electorate of Saxony in 1423, the place became Saxon.
Like the neighboring towns of Saathain and Wainsdorf , Stolzenhain belonged to the barons of Köckeritz until 1475 , then until 1716 to the barons of Schleinitz , who were each the lords of Saathain.
The Congress of Vienna in 1815 separated from Saxony and became part of the Kingdom of Prussia . Within Prussia, Stolzenhain became part of the province of Saxony, created after 1815 .
In 1833 the farmers bought themselves free in the course of the separation from the compulsory labor to the lords of Saathain .
A memorial was erected in 1879 to commemorate those who fell in the Franco-Prussian War. Lector Bruno Seener from Dresden created a painting in 1937/1938 on the outside wall of the village school. It represents the four seasons.
After the end of the Second World War , Stolzenhain belonged to the state of Saxony-Anhalt within the German Democratic Republic , until its dissolution in 1952. After that, Stolzenhain belonged to the Cottbus district until the end of the German Democratic Republic in 1990 .
In the course of the land reform , the ownership of the Saathain estate was divided, which also benefited farmers from Stolzenhain. After 1952, efforts to form an LPG began , which also met resistance. The LPG was founded in 1955. The LPG was dissolved in 1991 and re-established as a GmbH .
After joining the Federal Republic of Germany and the creation of new federal states, Stolzenhain fell to Brandenburg . In the course of a municipal area reform , the municipality of Stolzenhain became part of the Office of Röderland , the municipalities of which merged on October 26, 2003 to form an office-free municipality.
Trade and transport
Stolzenhain is located on Pechweg, a side line of Hallesches Salzstrasse (or Niederstrasse), which led from Mainz via Erfurt , Halle and Strehla to the east. The merchants used the Pechweg, which led via Elsterwerda , Saathain , Stolzenhain and Nauwalde to the Elbe to avoid the annoying customs duties in Frauenhain . The trade in goods also seems to have flowed through Stolzenhain in a north-south direction, as traders from Freiberg , Döbeln or Oschatz also tried to circumvent the customs duties.
In 1739 the Stolzenhainer cattle regulations were enacted.
The exact age of the Röder Bridge cannot be determined, it was mentioned in 1617 when the bridge toll was to be increased. The Röderbrücke belonged to the Saathain estate and was leased to the Stolzenhains church. The church had to take care of the maintenance of the bridge and received the bridge toll for it. Due to the construction of several bridges in other places, the customs revenue steadily decreased. In 1889 a massive bridge was built under the control of the municipality. The Röderbrücke was supposed to be blown up in 1945, but this could be prevented.
fire Department
In 1686 nine courtyards, five barns and the tavern with brewery fell victim to a fire.
In 1890 the formation of a volunteer fire brigade had been rejected by the community because another solution was found locally. A voluntary fire brigade was created by official order in 1934, and a TS4 motorized sprayer was purchased in 1939, which disappeared during the war. In 1960 the fire brigade received its first extinguishing vehicle, which was first used in 1963 in the event of a fire. In 1969 a new fire station was built . In 1980 the old fire engine was exchanged for a new one and in 1983 a hose drying mast was installed. At the end of 2007 an old barn (Lehmannscheune) near the Röder Bridge was converted into a new fire station.
Flood
Floods are recorded for the following years: 1629, 1770, 1854 and 1859. In contrast, in 1706 all bodies of water dried up.
Population development
| Population development in Stolzenhain from 1875 to 2002 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | Residents | year | Residents | year | Residents | year | Residents | year | Residents | ||||
| 1875 | 300 | 1946 | 475 | 1989 | 373 | 1995 | 367 | 2001 | 354 | ||||
| 1890 | 350 | 1950 | 483 | 1990 | 382 | 1996 | 391 | 2002 | 345 | ||||
| 1910 | 400 | 1964 | 392 | 1991 | 380 | 1997 | 384 | ||||||
| 1925 | 483 | 1971 | 403 | 1992 | 371 | 1998 | 374 | ||||||
| 1933 | 519 | 1981 | 400 | 1993 | 371 | 1999 | 368 | ||||||
| 1939 | 365 | 1985 | 402 | 1994 | 369 | 2000 | 352 | ||||||
Culture and sights
Village church
The existence of a chapel is confirmed for 1539. In 1592 the Stolzenhain village church was built. The church in Stolzenhain was subordinate to the Saathain parish , which had been established by Gut Saathain before 1575, to which the places Reppis (today part of the city of Gröditz ), Schweinfurth , Prösen and Saathain belonged. Sometimes the Parish Stolzenhain is also mentioned, but the pastor had his seat in Saathain.
In 1602 a plague cemetery was created because plague victims from Schweinfurth were not allowed to be buried in the cemetery in the center of Stolzenhain. The church was restored in 1727 and 1986-1992.
During the First World War two bronze bells were removed from the church and replaced by three new steel bells in 1919. When a dam broke in 1926, the foundation of the church tower was damaged, so that it had to be removed. It was rebuilt by 1929.
Landmarks
Stolzenhain has a border with Saxony in the south. The boundary stones between the former kingdoms of Prussia and Saxony have been partially preserved.
Economy and Infrastructure
economy
There are only a few businesses in Stolzenhain. Lawi GmbH, which was founded in 1991 and emerged from the former local LPG, is currently one of the most important companies . Lawi cultivates a large part of the agricultural land in the Röderland community. In addition, the Holz-Zentrum Theile was founded in 1990, which relocated to the eastern industrial area in neighboring Elsterwerda in 1997 due to further expansion . There are also a few small businesses in Stolzenhain (retail trade, handicrafts) and two archaeologists on the Dietrichshof. Stolzenhain has the Röderschänke at the sports field in terms of restaurants and hotels. The buildings of the Stolzenhain country bakery, which was previously also located in Stolzenhain, have been empty since its bankruptcy. They have had a new owner since 2007.
traffic
The state road 59 Ortrand - Bad Liebenwerda runs through the village. Furthermore, the district road 6206 to Elsterwerda-Kotschka with connection to the B 101 / B 169 and the district road 6207 via Saathain to Elsterwerda-Biehla with connection to the B 101 begin in Stolzenhain .
Personalities
- Johann Christian Jahn (1797–1846), classical philologist and educator
- Rudolf Höll (* 1936), geologist
Footnotes and individual references
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2003
- ^ Historical municipality directory 2005 for Brandenburg Online as a PDF file
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 26 ' N , 13 ° 27' E
