Tassilo spring

Tassilo spring
	; Spring temple of the Tassilo spring
Data
place	Parish churches near Bad Hall
builder	Joseph Baumgartner
Coordinates	48 ° 1 '53 " N , 14 ° 12' 15" E Coordinates: 48 ° 1 '53 " N , 14 ° 12' 15" E

The Tassilo source is a listed iodine - Sole - source at the edge of the spa Bad Hall in Upper Austria . It is already in the parish of Pfarrkirchen near Bad Hall . The source outlet is located immediately to the east of the Sulzbach, which forms the border between Pfarrkirchen and Bad Hall here. The spring is one of the main sources there and is one of the strongest iodine-brine sources in Central Europe . At the same time, it is considered to be the oldest spring of its kind in the Sulzbach region, as it has been known as a salt spring since the Illyrian times . The water from the spring was used to extract salt and is still used to treat skin diseases.

The source owes its name to the Bavarian Duke Tassilo III. who donated the source to Kremsmünster Abbey .

geology

The freely flowing fissure spring rises in the Sulzbachtal between Bad Hall and Pfarrkirchen.

The area around Bad Hall lies on the southern edge of the Upper Austrian part of the subalpine Molasse trough . Here is the border area to the northern flysch zone of the Alps. The filling of the sediment trough took place in the Tertiary ( Eocene to Pliocene ). As a result of the increased elevation of the Alps, especially in the Miocene and Oligocene , the Molasse basin sank at the same time. The tectonic movements reached their peak at the turn of the Miocene / Oligocene and led to an intensive scaling and straightening of the rock layers in the Bad Hall area, accompanied by numerous layer doublings, especially in the Oligocene Puchkirchen series. Geophysical investigations and the findings from the Bad Hall 1 deep borehole showed that the total thickness of the tertiary layer sequence is 1.8 to 2 kilometers. The tertiary layers are underlain by Upper Cretaceous sediments and gneiss of the Bohemian Massif . Tertiary sedimentation began in the Bad Hall area in the Upper Eocene (38 million years ago) with sandstones that were deposited in lacustrine to limnic facies . In the following Oligocene, marine sediments were increasingly deposited. Coarse sand dumps from the area of the Bohemian Massif alternate with Schlier marl (Lower and Upper Puchkirchen series).

The sediments of the Puchkirchen series are hydrogeologically significant, as they represent the reservoir for the iodine water and an important aquifer in this region. The rocks of the Upper Puchkirchen Series were intensively tectonically stressed in the Bad Hall area in the Upper Oligocene to the Lower Miocene and pushed over several times, so that a 1200 m thick shed zone has formed. In the Bad Hall area, the sediments of the Puchkirchen series are followed by the discordantly deposited marine, partly sandy clay marl (Schlier) of the Hall series (Miocene, Burdigalium ).

In a fault known as the Zehrmühlen line, allochthonous tertiary sediments border the north-dipping autochthonous Oligocene. The Zehrmühlen line is the main tectonic line of this area. It extends in the foothills of the Alps to Ybbs in the east and to the Kremstal in the west.

In the sediments south of the Zehrmühlen line, hardly any signs of iodine water can be found. In contrast, the tertiary sediments north of the Zehrmühlen line are to be regarded as important for the iodine water deposits. There, mighty sandstone layers in combination with sealing clayey intermediate layers offer good possibilities for enriching iodine-salt-water. Numerous fractures resulted in iodine water compartments isolated from one another in the sediments at a relatively shallow depth .

water

The iodine-brine waters that feed the Tassilo spring are genetically to be regarded as deep groundwater (formation waters) of the molasse sediments of the Puchkirchen group and Hall's base layers. The iodides and bromides are derived from the decomposition of the organic matter, which was once finely distributed in the seawater-saturated sediment. Stratigraphic and hydrochemical investigations as well as isotope analyzes showed a maximum age of formation of the Bad Hall iodine waters of 32 million years.

ingredients

The mineral water is hydrochemically classified as iodine-containing sodium chloride water . The total mineralization of the Tassilo spring is 13.6 to 14.6 g / l. In radiometric investigations, the smallest traces of radon , radium , uranium and thorium have been detected in the Tassilo spring .

Ingredients of iodine brine (analysis from 1981)
Cations	mg / l	Anions	mg / l
Sodium + potassium	7,141.3	chloride	11,574.2
magnesium	121.2	Iodide	44.6
Calcium	202.9	bromide	126.5
ammonium	27.2	Bicarbonate	278.6
iron	5.1	sulfate	1.2
		nitrate	0.8
		Free carbon dioxide	32.2

Use and effect

The iodine-brine-water is used for different diseases due to different effects. When bathing, inhaling or drinking, the water affects the entire organism.

When it comes to the effects of iodine brine, a distinction is made between external and internal use. When used externally, prolonged contact with the water irritates the skin, causing it to become slightly reddened; a sensation of tingling has been reported, which is caused by the blood circulation-increasing effect of the water. The primary irritation of the skin also has an effect on other organs, since the mineral components are absorbed into the human organism through the skin. The entire vascular, glandular and nervous system is stimulated.

Internal use irritates the gastric mucous membrane , which supports the dissolution of substances that are difficult to digest. It can also stimulate the appetite.

With simultaneous internal and external use, the digestive system can be set in motion due to the laxative and cleansing effects of the water . With this type of application, slight perspiration can be observed in the treated persons. The water was often used to heal the purely hypertrophic thyroid gland and lymphatic goiter .

Today iodine brine water is used, among other things, to treat diseases such as high blood pressure , arteriosclerotic vascular changes, certain skin diseases, iodine deficiency symptoms, various eye diseases, chronic venous diseases, chronic bronchitis and diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

Bad Hall iodine brine has been used with great success in ophthalmology since 1864. In local Jodforschungsinstitut 1957 a special procedure for the treatment of exzematösen was conjunctivitis the Augeniontophorese developed.

history

The salt spring in Sulzbachtal was already known to the Celts . Around 400 BC The name hal was given to the surrounding salt springs by the owners of the Hallstatt culture , the Illyrians . The Celtic term Hal means salt. In 1854 a bronze coin from the time of the Roman emperor Antoninus Pius (138–161 AD) was discovered. It can therefore be concluded that the spring water was being used at the time.

The salt spring was first mentioned in a document as part of a donation from the Bavarian Duke Tassilo III. to the Benedictine monks from Kremsmünster Abbey in 777. In order to enable the sources to be used, the Benedictine monks initiated systematic clearing in this area. In the 14th century the source was mentioned as a bath in parish churches near Hall.

Development

The oldest known iodine source in Bad Hall is the Gunther source in the erosion furrow of the Fernbach, which is 1.7 kilometers east-northeast of the Tassilo spring. Already in the early days of the state settlement it was used for salt production. An old tunnel system is mentioned as evidence that the spring was used several centuries ago. However, since fresh water enters this spring, it has too low a concentration of active ingredients, including iodine, to be used to heal diseases and other ailments. The total solids content is 2.86 g / l, the iodine content is 4.44 mg / l.

Significantly responsible for the development of the market hall to the health resort is, however, that in the deed of donation of Tassilo III. to the Kremsmünster monastery called Tassilo spring. It has a total solids content of 13.6 to 15 g / l and an iodine content of 26 to 33 mg / l.

In the years from 1847 to 1848, 1853 and 1855, the source shaft of the Tassilo source was deepened to about 15 meters. From the bottom of the shaft, a star-shaped system of around ten-meter-long tracks was drilled through, which are linked with transverse tracks. This tunnel system enabled the individual fissure sources to be connected into a single one.

Despite these measures, it was not possible to meet the need for iodine water as early as the second half of the 19th century. Therefore, an additional 13 holes were drilled from 1893 to 1928. Based on the assumption that a main fissure spring runs between the Tassilo and Gunther springs, a drilling program was set up in the area of the connecting line between the two springs. The proximity to the water pipes and reservoirs was also a reason for this drilling program. In the main drilling field in Haller Schlier , known as Guntherfeld, seven boreholes between 160 and 290 meters deep were carried out close together from 1892 to 1922, but they hardly produced any additional iodine water. All that remained of these boreholes was the so-called Valerie spring, which was later used for drinking water.

In 1923, Bad Hall's deepest iodine water well was drilled to a depth of 575.6 meters in the spa gardens. Although this spring appeared to be very productive in the beginning, the water supply sank to a tenth of the initial value over time. The promotion was therefore stopped at the beginning of the 1940s.

Extensive drilling work took place in 1941 and 1942. With the so-called Feyregger deep borehole, a source was opened up for the first time in which the water was driven up by methane gas and thus reached the surface independently. This borehole enabled the iodine water to be pumped constantly.

In the following year, Möderndorf wanted to open up another well with an in-house drilling rig. This drilling was prevented by the Second World War; it was only possible to drill it in 1948 with changed conditions to a depth of 423 meters.

From 1949 to 1950, the Rohölgewinnungs-AG carried out prospecting boreholes for the production of iodine water on behalf of the Federal Geological Institute. There were two more boreholes in 1952 by the state health resorts in Sulzbachtal.

use

Originally the spring was used to extract salt. In the 17th century, however, Gmundens Salzamt , which held the state salt monopoly , saw competition in salt production in Bad Hall. As a result, salt production in Bad Hall had to be stopped. In addition, due to the high salt concentration, the water was often used for cooking. When the knowledge of the goitre healing effect spread among the local population, the water is said to have been used for this too.

In his work Gesundbrunnen der Austrian Monarchy , published in 1777 , Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz referred to the healing power of the salt spring. Crantz particularly praised the positive effects of the mineral water on diseases associated with goiters. In experiments with soldiers, he demonstrated this effect and at the same time pointed out that this water can not only be used for drinking, but also for bathing. Because of the healing properties of the water containing iodine against scabies, inflammation of the bones and joints, goiters , rashes and gland diseases, it was often referred to as "goiter water".

Old bath house in Bad Hall, Upper Austria. First central bath house of the spa 1853–1855.

Bad Hall, Kurpark, Tassilo- Gradiergrotte (2005)

Since everyone was allowed to draw unhindered from the spring and no precautions were taken against contamination, the water fell somewhat into disrepute at the beginning of the 19th century. Among other things, the accusation spread among the population that after prolonged use the body becomes emaciated and the good appearance and fullness of it is lost. Therefore, the arbitrary use of the salt spring by the spa doctor Josef Starzengruber was restricted by the state government through bathing regulations in 1838 . In 1852, Emperor Franz Joseph officially handed over the use of the spring to the country. This was followed by the construction of the Kurhaus, which opened in 1855, on a terrace plateau above the Sulzbach. This created its own currayon in the market. In 1888, the spa guests were able to use ten inns, six hotels, two coffee houses and three pastry shops. A spacious park with exotic trees and viewpoints has been created to the south and east of the market. Famous guests from all over the monarchy, such as Franz Grillparzer , Theophil von Hansen , Josef Kainz , Gustav Mahler and Ludwig Anzengruber , increased the popularity of the health resort.

After the construction of the Kurhaus, the Tassilo spring was built over and a drinking and foyer was built as protection against storms, which the architect Clemens Holzmeister renovated and expanded in 1931 . In the years 1910 and 1926 the spa business of Bad Hall had its peak. The Great Depression in 1929 caused a downturn; Only after the Second World War did the spa business flourish again.

The iodine-containing brine is used balneologically in Bad Hall for bathing and drinking cures . The medicinal water has long been used in Bad Hall for the treatment of thyroid and metabolic diseases as well as diseases of the respiratory organs, the muscular and vascular system, the heart and the vegetative nervous system.

Eurotherme Bad Hall

The Eurotherme Bad Hall (also Tassilotherme ) in Bad Hall is one of four thermal baths in Upper Austria and is the only iodine brine thermal bath in Austria that offers the public access to the iodine brine springs.

A therapy center was built near the thermal baths, where numerous forms of therapy with iodine such as drinking cures, special baths, inhalations and movement therapies in iodine brine are offered.

Source temple

Spring well within the spring temple

The Tassilo spring temple was built by the builder Joseph Baumgartner above the Tassilo spring. The temple was donated in 1841 by a Viennese merchant as thanks for the healing of the daughter. The shape of this drinking hall resembles that of an early historical round temple with an attached rectangular building. In the forecourt of the spring temple there is a well from which the water of the spring emerges. Even today, the water from the Tassilo spring is fed from the forecourt to the health center. The Tassilo source temple is freely accessible and can be visited at any time.

The spa and bath house was built in the vicinity of the temple in 1855 according to plans by the Viennese architect Paul Sprenger . The surrounding green area was opened as a spa park in 1857 after the redesign by the collegiate gardener Runkel from Kremsmünster . In the second half of the 19th century, the old bathhouse and the adjacent spa gardens were expanded. The pump room, built in 1873, was redesigned and expanded by Clemens Holzmeister in 1925 and 1926 . The spa park, which was also renovated in 1875 and 1899 and in the 20th century, is surrounded by several villas from the second half of the 19th century and the early 20th century. In the southeast, Josef Hermann Hillischer laid out the J.-N.-Hauser-Park between 1900 and 1902.

literature

Carl Mandl: The iodine-containing salt spring in Hall in Upper Austria: your use a. their effectiveness, along with a description of the place and its surroundings . French Sandböck, Steyr 1857.
Malvine Stenzel: Health resorts and tourism using the example of three Upper Austrian municipalities. In: Landesinstitut für Volksbildung und Heimatpflege in Oberösterreich (Ed.): Oberösterreichische Heimatblätter. Linz 1987, online (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at
Eva Berger: Historic Gardens of Austria. 2. Upper Austria, Salzburg, Vorarlberg, Carinthia, Styria, Tyrol . Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 1862.
Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz: Gesundbrunnen of the Austrian monarchy . Gerold, Vienna 1777.
Annemarie Schmölzer: On the geochemistry of the iodine sources Bad Hall . In: Communications from the Geological Society in Vienna. Volume 47, Vienna 1955.
Parish churches near Bad Hall. Accessed May 8, 2013 (PDF; 3.7 MB)
Josef Zötl, Johann E. Goldbrunner: The mineral and medicinal waters of Austria - geological foundations and trace elements. Springer-Verlag, Vienna / New York 1993, ISBN 3-211-82396-4 .
Wolfgang Straka: Quaternary and hydrogeology of the Traun-Enns-Platte in the area of Kremsmünster - Bad Hall, Upper Austria. Dissertation, Vienna 2008.
Gebhard Rieger: Iodine brine in ophthalmology using the example of the spring in Bad Hall / Upper Austria . In: Werner Käß and Hanna Käß: German bath book. 2nd Edition. E. Schweitzerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-510-65241-9 , pp. 79-83.

Web links

Commons : Pfarrkirchen bei Bad Hall Tassiloquelle - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

^ Upper Austria - immovable and archaeological monuments under monument protection. ( Memento of December 29, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF), ( CSV ). Federal Monuments Office , as of June 8, 2017.
↑ Small conversation lexicon: Tassiloquelle. 5dic.de, accessed on April 15, 2013 .
^ Parish churches near Bad Hall. (No longer available online.) Attersee.salzkammergut.at, archived from the original on January 9, 2017 ; Retrieved April 20, 2013 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Tassilo source temple. Oberösterreich.at, accessed on July 8, 2012 .
^ ^A ^b Josef Zötl, Johann E. Goldbrunner: The mineral and medicinal waters of Austria . 1993, p. 50.
^ Josef Zötl, Johann E. Goldbrunner: The mineral and medicinal waters of Austria . 1993, p. 49 f.
↑ Annemarie Schmölzer: On the geochemistry of the iodine sources Bad Hall. In: Communications from the Geological Society in Vienna. 1955, p. 100 ff.
↑ Wolfgang Straka: Quaternary geology and hydrogeology of the Traun-Enns plate in the region Kremsmünster - Bad Hall, Upper Austria. 2008, Si (introduction).
^ ^A ^b Josef Zötl, Johann E. Goldbrunner: The mineral and medicinal waters of Austria . 1993, p. 54.
^ ^A ^b Josef Zötl, Johann E. Goldbrunner: The mineral and medicinal waters of Austria . 1993, p. 51.
^ ^A ^b ^c Carl Mandl: The iodine-containing salt spring in Hall in Upper Austria: Your use and their effectiveness, along with a description of the place and its surroundings . 1857, p. 77 ff.
↑ History of Balneology. Paracelsus Gesellschaft Bad Hall, accessed April 18, 2013 .
↑ ^a ^b Gebhard Rieger: Iodine brine in ophthalmology using the example of the source in Bad Hall / Upper Austria . In: Werner & Hanna Käß: German bath book. 2008, p. 79.
↑ UB OÖ 2 No. 2; quoted from Isolde Hausner (arrangement): Old German name book. The tradition of place names in Austria and South Tyrol from the beginnings to 1200. Austrian Academy of Sciences, Commission for Dialect Research, Vienna 1989 f., P. 486.
↑ ^a ^b Facts and Figures. City of Bad Hall, accessed June 12, 2013 .
↑ Historical cycling and circular hiking trail ( memento from June 18, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
^ ^A ^b Malvine Stenzel: Health resorts and tourism using the example of three Upper Austrian communities. In: Upper Austrian homeland sheets. 1987, p. 236 ff.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Malvine Stenzel: Health resorts and tourism using the example of three Upper Austrian communities. in: Oberösterreichische Heimatblätter, ed. from the State Institute for National Education and Homeland Care in Upper Austria, 1987, p. 253ff.
^ Josef Zötl, Johann E. Goldbrunner: The mineral and medicinal waters of Austria . 1993, p. 48 ff.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Annemarie Schmölzer: On the geochemistry of the iodine sources Bad Hall. In: Communications from the Geological Society in Vienna. 1955, p. 103 ff.
^ Upper Austrian Museum Association - Society for Regional Studies. (PDF; 1.2 MB) Upper Austrian Museum Association - Society for Regional Studies, accessed on April 17, 2013 .
↑ ^a ^b Josef Seegen: Handbook of general and special healing sources theory . 2nd revised edition. Braumüller, Vienna 1862, OBV , pp. 491–494, full text online .
^ Malvine Stenzel: Health resorts and tourism using the example of three Upper Austrian communities. In: Oberösterreichische Heimatblätter, ed. from the State Institute for National Education and Homeland Care in Upper Austria, 1987 p. 243.
↑ Josef Zötl: The origin and meaning of the solid dissolved substances in the healing water. In: Josef Zötl, Johann E. Goldbrunner (Hrsg.): The mineral and medicinal waters of Austria. 1993, p. 14.
↑ ^a ^b Bad Hall ( Memento from December 25, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
↑ Website Tassilo Therme Bad Hall. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on December 9, 2013 ; Retrieved June 14, 2013 .
↑ Therapies with iodine. (No longer available online.) Eurothermen.at , archived from the original on March 27, 2013 ; Retrieved June 14, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2
^ ^A ^b Eva Berger: Historical Gardens of Austria. 2. Upper Austria, Salzburg, Vorarlberg, Carinthia, Styria, Tyrol . Böhlau Verlag Vienna 1862, p. 110 f.

This version was added to the list of articles worth reading on July 15, 2013 .

[1] Upper Austria - immovable and archaeological monuments under monument protection. ( Memento of December 29, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF), ( CSV ). Federal Monuments Office , as of June 8, 2017.

[2] Small conversation lexicon: Tassiloquelle. 5dic.de, accessed on April 15, 2013 .

[3] Parish churches near Bad Hall. (No longer available online.) Attersee.salzkammergut.at, archived from the original on January 9, 2017 ; Retrieved April 20, 2013 .

[oberösterreich.at-4] Tassilo source temple. Oberösterreich.at, accessed on July 8, 2012 .

[ZötlGoldbrunner50-5] A ^b Josef Zötl, Johann E. Goldbrunner: The mineral and medicinal waters of Austria . 1993, p. 50.

[6] Josef Zötl, Johann E. Goldbrunner: The mineral and medicinal waters of Austria . 1993, p. 49 f.

[Schmölzer100-7] Annemarie Schmölzer: On the geochemistry of the iodine sources Bad Hall. In: Communications from the Geological Society in Vienna. 1955, p. 100 ff.

[8] Wolfgang Straka: Quaternary geology and hydrogeology of the Traun-Enns plate in the region Kremsmünster - Bad Hall, Upper Austria. 2008, Si (introduction).

[Zötl,Goldbrunner54-9] A ^b Josef Zötl, Johann E. Goldbrunner: The mineral and medicinal waters of Austria . 1993, p. 54.

[Zötl,Goldbrunner51-10] A ^b Josef Zötl, Johann E. Goldbrunner: The mineral and medicinal waters of Austria . 1993, p. 51.

[Mandl-11] A ^b ^c Carl Mandl: The iodine-containing salt spring in Hall in Upper Austria: Your use and their effectiveness, along with a description of the place and its surroundings . 1857, p. 77 ff.

[12] History of Balneology. Paracelsus Gesellschaft Bad Hall, accessed April 18, 2013 .

[Rieger79-13] Gebhard Rieger: Iodine brine in ophthalmology using the example of the source in Bad Hall / Upper Austria . In: Werner & Hanna Käß: German bath book. 2008, p. 79.

[14] UB OÖ 2 No. 2; quoted from Isolde Hausner (arrangement): Old German name book. The tradition of place names in Austria and South Tyrol from the beginnings to 1200. Austrian Academy of Sciences, Commission for Dialect Research, Vienna 1989 f., P. 486.

[WSBH220198023-15] Facts and Figures. City of Bad Hall, accessed June 12, 2013 .

[16] Historical cycling and circular hiking trail ( memento from June 18, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )

[Stenzel_S236ff-17] A ^b Malvine Stenzel: Health resorts and tourism using the example of three Upper Austrian communities. In: Upper Austrian homeland sheets. 1987, p. 236 ff.

[Stenzel_S253ff-18] Malvine Stenzel: Health resorts and tourism using the example of three Upper Austrian communities. in: Oberösterreichische Heimatblätter, ed. from the State Institute for National Education and Homeland Care in Upper Austria, 1987, p. 253ff.

[Zötl,Goldbrunner-19] Josef Zötl, Johann E. Goldbrunner: The mineral and medicinal waters of Austria . 1993, p. 48 ff.

[Schmölzer103-20] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Annemarie Schmölzer: On the geochemistry of the iodine sources Bad Hall. In: Communications from the Geological Society in Vienna. 1955, p. 103 ff.

[21] Upper Austrian Museum Association - Society for Regional Studies. (PDF; 1.2 MB) Upper Austrian Museum Association - Society for Regional Studies, accessed on April 17, 2013 .

[Seegen-22] Josef Seegen: Handbook of general and special healing sources theory . 2nd revised edition. Braumüller, Vienna 1862, OBV , pp. 491–494, full text online .

[Stenzel_S243-23] Malvine Stenzel: Health resorts and tourism using the example of three Upper Austrian communities. In: Oberösterreichische Heimatblätter, ed. from the State Institute for National Education and Homeland Care in Upper Austria, 1987 p. 243.

[Zötl_14-24] Josef Zötl: The origin and meaning of the solid dissolved substances in the healing water. In: Josef Zötl, Johann E. Goldbrunner (Hrsg.): The mineral and medicinal waters of Austria. 1993, p. 14.

[WUTA-25] Bad Hall ( Memento from December 25, 2009 in the Internet Archive )

[Webseite_TTBH-26] Website Tassilo Therme Bad Hall. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on December 9, 2013 ; Retrieved June 14, 2013 .

[27] Therapies with iodine. (No longer available online.) Eurothermen.at , archived from the original on March 27, 2013 ; Retrieved June 14, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2

[Berger-28] A ^b Eva Berger: Historical Gardens of Austria. 2. Upper Austria, Salzburg, Vorarlberg, Carinthia, Styria, Tyrol . Böhlau Verlag Vienna 1862, p. 110 f.