Tilomar (Administration Office)

Tilomar administrative office

Administrative headquarters

Casabauc

surface

194.13 km²

population

7,885 (2015)

Sucos

Population (2015)

2,267

1,655

1,439

2,524

Overview map

Tilomar is an East Timorese administrative office ( Portuguese Posto Administrativo ) in the municipality of Cova Lima . The administrative headquarters are in Casabauc .

geography

Places and rivers in Tilomar

Swamp forest surrounds Lake Onu Laran in the south of Beiseuc

The Tilomar administrative office is located in the southwest of Cova Lima. To the north are the administrative offices of Fatumean , Fohorem and Suai . In the west Tilomar borders on the Indonesian district of East Kobalima ( Malaka administrative district , East Nusa Tenggara province ). Until 2014, the administrative offices were still referred to as sub-districts . Before the 2015 territorial reform, Tilomar had an area of 194.64 km². The boundaries of the sucos within Tilomar shifted significantly. The borders did not shift, the new land survey showed an area of 194.13 km².

Tilomar Subdistrict divided according to the official decree from 2003 in three Sucos : Beiseuc (formerly Foholulik , Faholulic ) Lalawa and Maudemo ( Maudemu ). By 2004 the Suco Casabauc ( Casabauk ) was also created.

The forested Tilomar Reserve has been a protected area since 1983 with an area of approximately 12,800 hectares. In 2000 it was declared a wildlife sanctuary. The area was also designated as an Important Bird Area . Rare bird species can be found here, such as the endangered wetar pigeon and the yellow-cheeked cockatoo , but also the maned deer and the estuarine crocodile in the Tafara River . The 205 hectares of sandalwood are the largest stocks in the municipality and belong to the last remnants of the export goods, for which Timor was known for centuries. The Onu Laran in the south of Beiseuc, which is part of the reserve, is the largest lake in Cova Lima.

Climate data
Annual rainfall (2000)
Average annual temperature (2000)

Residents

7,885 people (2015) live in the administrative office, of which 4024 are men and 3861 women. The population density is 40.6 inhabitants / km². The largest language group is made up of the speakers of Tetum Terik , a dialect of the official Tetum language . A large minority speaks the national language Bunak . The high proportion of teenage mothers in the administrative office is striking. There are 114.5 live births per 1000 girls between the ages of 15 and 19 per year. This is the highest value nationwide (national average: 59.2) and is even higher than El Salvador 's world high of 108 births. The average age is 18.2 years (2010, 2004: 18.4 years).

history

Lalawa was one of the traditional kingdoms of Timor, ruled by a liurai . It appears on a list by Afonso de Castro , a former governor of Portuguese Timor who listed 47 empires in 1868. Governor José Celestino da Silva led an offensive against Lalawa, Casabauc and other neighboring empires in March 1895 to finally subdue them for Portugal .

The Bunak in the higher part of Lalawa and in Beiseuc came in a large stream of refugees from what was then the Bobonaro district when they fled the Japanese army in World War II . Allied guerrilla units had operated against the Japanese from Lolotoe and the town of Bobonaro , whereupon the Japanese troops carried out retaliation against the civilian population in Bobonaro in August 1942, probably killing tens of thousands of people and displacing others.

On December 25, 1975, the Indonesian army occupied Tilomar. To avoid the attacks, most of the residents of the Fohorem, Fatululic , Fatumean and Tilomar administrative offices fled to Mount Taroman . Others fled to the villages of Dato Tolu , Fatuloro , Taroman and Lactos . The Bunak in the lowlands between Suai and the border with Indonesia were forcibly relocated from northern Sucos Cova Limas, such as Fatululic and Taroman, by the Indonesian occupation forces. The official goal was a development program for rice cultivation.

In the context of the independence referendum in East Timor in 1999 , acts of violence also occurred in Tilomar. The pro-Indonesian militia Laksaur was based here in what was then the Tilomar sub- district in Salele . The chief in command of the militia was Olivio Mendonça Moruk (also known as Alisio Mau ). The public works officer was formerly the Chefe de Suco of Foholulik but was fired for corruption and sexual abuse. On April 23, 1999, three independence supporters were murdered, and another disappeared from the village of Niquiir ( Nikir ). Indonesian military and members of Laksaur demolished several houses and tortured residents in the village of Fatuc Metan ( Fatukmetan ). 950 residents fled to a church and a school. The leader of Laksaur in Tilomar ( Danton ) Miguel Mau was sentenced to nine years in prison for the crimes on November 26, 2003.

On July 24, 2000, the New Zealand INTERFET soldier Leonard Manning was shot dead in a skirmish with nine militiamen on Foho Debululik Hill . It was the first time since the Vietnam War that a New Zealand soldier was killed in combat, and Manning was the first INTERFET soldier to be killed in combat. In his memory, a white memorial cross was erected in Tilomar and a foundation was established that annually awards eight students from Cova Lima a scholarship to the Dom Bosco technical school near Baucau . Since then, four more New Zealand soldiers have died in East Timor.

On July 30, 2001, an Indonesian soldier was shot dead by New Zealand soldiers at the Tilomar border after opening fire on them.

politics

Administrator John Amaral (2013)

The administrator of the administrative office is appointed by the central government in Dili. In 2015 it was John Amaral .

economy

59% of the households in the administrative office grow maize, 58% cassava, 53% vegetables, 48% coconuts, 15% rice and 8% coffee.

Web links

Commons : Tilomar - collection of images, videos and audio files

"UNTAET Regulation No. 2000/19 on protected places ”on the Tilomar reserve. ( Memento of October 18, 2000 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF file; 40 KB)

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Direcção-Geral de Estatística : Results of the 2015 census , accessed on November 23, 2016.

↑ Jornal da República : Diploma Ministerial no 24/2014 de 24 de Julho - Orgânica dos Postos Administrativos ( Memento of March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ).

↑ ^a ^b Direcção Nacional de Estatística: 2010 Census Wall Chart (English) ( Memento from August 12, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 2.5 MB).

↑ UNMISET ( Memento from January 10, 2005 in the Internet Archive ).

↑ Direcção Nacional de Estatística : Census 2004 ( Memento from September 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ).

↑ BirdLife IBA factsheet .

↑ Important Bird Areas in Timor-Leste ( Memento of November 22, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) (English) (PDF file; 1.9 MB).

↑ ^a ^b Seeds of Life .

↑ Direcção Nacional de Estatística: Census of Population and Housing Atlas 2004 ( Memento of November 13, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 14 MB).

↑ TIMOR LORO SAE, Um pouco de história ( Memento of November 13, 2001 in the Internet Archive ).

↑ East Timor - PORTUGUESE DEPENDENCY OF EAST TIMOR ( Memento of 21 February 2004 at the Internet Archive ).

↑ Geoffrey C. Gunn: History of Timor (PDF file; 805 kB).

^ ^A ^b Antoinette Schapper: Finding Bunaq: The homeland and expansion of the Bunaq in central Timor ( Memento of October 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), p. 175, in: Andrew McWilliam, Elizabeth G. Traube: Land and Life in Timor -Leste: Ethnographic Essays , 2011.

↑ "Chapter 7.3 Forced Displacement and Famine" (PDF; 1.3 MB) from the "Chega!" Report of the CAVR (English).

↑ Masters of Terror - Olivio Mendonca Moruk .

↑ The Conviction of Covalima Laksaur militia member Miguel Mau (English).