Tyrolean Parliament

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Tyrolean Parliament
Basic data
Seat: Old country house in Innsbruck
Legislative period : five years
First session: 1920
MPs: 36
Current legislative period
Last choice: February 25, 2018
Next choice: 2023
Chair: State Parliament President Sonja Ledl-Rossmann ( ÖVP )
Club membership as of February 25, 2018
      


Distribution of seats: State government (21)
  • ÖVP 17
  • GREEN 4
    • Opposition (15)
  • SPÖ 6
  • FPÖ 5
  • FRITZ 2
  • NEOS 2
    		•
    Website
    www.tirol.gv.at

    The Tyrolean Landtag is the legislative body of the Austrian state of Tyrol , which is responsible for state legislation. The Tyrolean state parliament consists of 36 members and is re-elected every five years. The seat of the state parliament is the old country house in Innsbruck .

    history

    Today's Tyrolean Landtag is an institution of the Tyrolean constitution, the beginnings of which go back to the founding of the state under Count Meinhard II .

    In 1293, Count Meinhard II had to ask for the approval of the estates in order to be able to enact new legislation for the county of “Botzen” , which was the first mention of an institution similar to that of a state parliament. The summarizing term of a "landscape" occurred in the course of the transfer of Tyrol from Margarethe Maultasch to the Habsburgs by Rudolf IV the founder . A letter from Rudolf the founder to the Doge of Venice reported that the “Tyrolean landscape” agreed to the transfer . The written determination was made beforehand by the " Great Letter of Freedom " of January 28, 1342, written by Ludwig the Brandenburger and confirmed by his father, the Bavarian Emperor Ludwig IV . The "Tyrolean estates" of that time included the high clergy, the nobility, the citizens and peasants, who controlled the sovereign prince and his government and thus created laws and approved taxes.

    From the 15th century onwards, the number of diets held multiplied. When the absolutism of the Austrian princes reached its peak in the 17th century and eliminated the estates, the Tyroleans were able to preserve the rights of the state estates. From 1650 onwards there were only seldom meetings of the entire Landtag, rather committee meetings took place, for example only ten plenary assemblies were held between 1665 and 1720. The estates were viewed by Empress Maria Theresa and Emperor Joseph II as an obstacle to their reforms. It was only under Emperor Leopold II that the estates in Tyrol could be restored and convened to a state parliament. However, Emperor Franz II again severely restricted the position of the Landtag.

    In 1808 the Tyrolean freedoms of 1342 and 1406 were expressly abolished by the Bavarian Kingdom . Emperor Franz enacted a new constitution, which came into force in 1816 - after the Napoleonic Wars - and only contained a few parts of the old constitution in 1342. Immediately after the collapse of the absolute system of government in 1848, the Tyrolean state parliament renewed its state constitution. The people were no longer represented by their estates, but for the first time by political parties . From 1851 they returned to neo-absolutism and the state constitution was repealed. With the imperial “ October diploma ” (imperial diploma to regulate the internal constitutional relationships of the monarchy) of 1860, the Austrian Empire returned to the constitutional form of government.

    After the First World War , the German-Tyrolean Reichsrat and Landtag members constituted themselves for the Tyrolean National Assembly and set up the “Tyrolean National Council” as the executive body. On November 8, 1921, a new Tyrolean state order was created, which includes the state parliament as an organ of legislation. On February 27, 1934, the Tyrolean Parliament was dissolved.

    After the Second World War , on June 15, 1946, a new Tyrolean state order was passed.

    Landtag President

    The following persons were presidents of the state parliament:

    The first vice-presidents during this period were:

    The following politicians were in office as second vice-presidents:

    composition

    The mandates of the Tyrolean Parliament in its last legislative periods were distributed among the parliamentary groups represented as follows:

    Tyrolean Parliament: distribution of seats
    Political party 2018 2013 2008 2003 1999 1994 1989
    ÖVP 17th 16 16 20th 18th 19th 19th
    Green 4th 5 4th 5 3 4th 3
    SPÖ 6th 5 5 9 8th 7th 9
    FPÖ 5 4th 3 2 7th 6th 5
    FRITZ 2 2 5 n. k. n. k. n. k. n. k.
    NEOS 2 nk nk nk nk nk nk
    PULSE 0 3 n. k. n. k. n. k. n. k. n. k.
    FORWARD n. k. 0 n. k. n. k. n. k. n. k. n. k.
    TirolKlub nk 0 2 n. k. n. k. n. k. n. k.
    non-attached n. k. 1 1 n. k. n. k. n. k. n. k.

    See also

    Web links

    literature

    • Werner Köfler: Country, Landscape, Parliament. History of the Tyrolean provincial parliaments from the beginning to the repeal of the state constitution in 1808 (publications by the Tyrolean provincial archives). Innsbruck: Wagner 1985. ISBN 3703001615

    Individual evidence

    1. ^ Club splits off from Vorwärts Tirol; ORF Tirol, from February 20, 2015
    2. ^ Fritz Gurgiser founds his own parliamentary group; ORF Tirol, November 6, 2009
    3. ^ FPÖ only three in the state parliament; ORF Tirol, May 4, 2010