Triessnitz

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The Trießnitz is a landscape and former water protection area on the southern outskirts of ( Jena ) Winzerla . The name "Trießnitz / Triesnitz" is of Sorbian origin: drěžnica , 'wet deciduous forest', 'deciduous forest'.

In the Trießnitz

Importance as a water supplier

The village of Winzerla has drawn its drinking water from the Trießnitz via a high-pressure pipe since 1894, and from 1914 onwards, the village of Burgau (Jena) too . Today the Trießnitz brook flows unused and pipes into the Burgauer Felsbach, as the lower course of the Trießnitz is now called, and thus into the Saale . One of the numerous Trießnitz springs feeds the former extinguishing water and today's goldfish pond at the church in Winzerla. The drinking water quality of the springs is no longer reliable due to the intensive horticultural use of the area above the Trießnitz. In 1954 the Trießnitz, like the Mühltal and the Coppanzer Grund, was one of the spring protection areas around Jena relevant for water management. Trießnitzwasser was also used for the beer that was previously brewed in Winzerla (brewery on the corner of Winzergasse / Frongasse). White tufa was extracted in a sand pit in the Trießnitz, which was pressed into wooden frames when it was damp and processed into building blocks (air drying process) - until the 1950s. In local customs the belief in the miraculous power of the Easter Trießnitz water Osterwasser (customs) is preserved.

Importance as a destination

In the late 18th and 19th centuries, the Trießnitz was a popular festival and excursion destination for the “academic Jena”. Mentioned is an inn that was abandoned during the 19th century. A fairground was preserved (with a contained spring, a storage cellar for beer and the possibility of building a dance floor), which was used by the population, often under the direction of the local men's choir or the volunteer fire brigade , until the 20th century. The place did not come into fashion until after 1792, because Georg Friedrich Rebmann , for example, has nothing to report in his "Letters about Jena" from 1793. One reads there about the taverns in the villages (p. 136 f.) That they are "mostly miserable holes covered in tobacco smoke. Therefore, in the villages of Ziegenhayn, Lichtenhayn, winegrowers, Wellnitz, you will find nothing but farmers. Only after Zwatzen get lost Times some more respectable companies, because the inn there is bearable. " Johann Adolph Leopold Faselius (1805, p. 144) describes the Trießnitz as "a scrub with a few free places on a mountain and a walled water source, also a lovely view ..."; It goes on to say (p. 151): "Of pleasure and pleasure words besides the city, the most excellent and most frequently visited place in summer is the ... T rie ß niz at the village of W inzerla, where a new building with a dance hall, too a dance arbor and several other arbors, together with open tables and seats, is erected. " The following observation can be found in the "History of Jena Student Life" by the brothers Richard and Robert Keil (1858, p. 302): "As a rule, the so-called Triesnitz Ball was held on Sundays at Winzerla, with the students having to choose their dancers the 'flor' (in the lads' language the daughters of the professors and higher-ranking officials) and the 'half-pile' (ie the daughters of the lower officials and respected citizens), at times also used to alternate the so-called 'brooms' (i.e. servants). " In addition, the Trießnitz was also a popular cramming area, that is, a place for student duels, for example on bats or even on the even more dangerous Parisiens.

On October 12, 1806, immediately before the battle of Jena and Auerstedt (October 14, 1806), there was a skirmish on the Trießnitz between the French troops advancing from the south ( Saalfeld ) and a Prussian outpost.

Stories from famous visitors

How things may have been at the festivals in Trießnitz in the first decades of the 19th century can be read in “Felix Schnabel's University Years” from 1835 (p. 238 ff.): “Sundays and Wednesdays is a big joke [Schwof] the Triesnitz, a facility above the village of Winzerla, laid out and managed by the fat, sensual Jakob. There is dancing, bowling and joking in board houses. On the platform of the hill sit in a colorful circle the beautiful people of Jena and the surrounding area, the deeply thinking professor with his offspring, the speculating merchant, the clerk with the gloomy official expression, the leisurely, gawking farmer, the carefree fellow, decent and cheeky beautiful woman, Chaste housewives, venerable little mothers, everything mixed up in a jumble, the smiling life, enjoying this sweet habit. Everything is excited about the lovely landscape, everything listens to the play of the musicians floating in the air, everything sings, jumps, drinks, kisses, dances and plays. " Ernst Moritz Arndt writes:" O dear boy, a [Jena-] Lichtenhainer Kommers in devotion is a thousand times more valuable to me than steaming punch bowls and the whiff of delicious wine; Bas [better] I once liked the [Jena-] Ziegenhainer Linde embrace than the kiss of a lovely girl, and I like to give the Stralsund Hautboisten the most beautiful notes for the monotonous tumult of the zwetzer [(Jena-) Zwätzer] and drusnitzer [Trießnitzer] Musicians. ”(To Benjamin von Bergmann of November 10, 1794).

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe reports on his visits to Winzerla and Trießnitz as follows: "Yesterday evening I went alone to the Triesnitz where it was really funny, I would have liked you and the child there." (To Christiane Vulpius , Jena on 26 May 1797). “Our drive was made at the right time, because yesterday the rain prevented all Triesnitz lovers in particular from enjoying their fun.” (To Christiane Vulpius, Jena on June 6, 1797) “ August was here with his journeymen. I was pleased to see that he was doing so well with his physical strength and good courage. I had a pretty nice chat with him for a few evenings. They wandered around in all the mountains and in all the castles, ate eel in the Triesnitz and we saw the St. John's bonfires together from the arbor of the roof. ”(To Christiane Vulpius, Wednesday, June 25, 1806). "In order not to get off the rails, I had a carpen from Winzerle for my money [...]." (To Christiane v. Goethe, Jena, November 6th, 1812). “Driven to Winzerla with Schütz, up to the height above the Triesnitz. Then on foot to over the quarries at Göschwitz , on foot back to Winzerla, drove in [to Jena]. ”(Diaries, April 11, 1817).

A list of other prominent Trießnitz visitors can be found at August Wilhelm Schlegel : “Yesterday there was ... a diné on the Driesnitz, which was really pretty - that was the first spring excursion. All sorts of people were there together, Hufelands , Paulus , Loders , Fichtes , Frommanns and Kotzebue's ! ”(To Johann Diederich Gries , Jena d. 10 May [17] 99).

The wife of the publisher Carl Friedrich Ernst Frommann , Johanna Frommann (1765–1830), remembers these excursions with nostalgia ; In a letter to his son Friedrich on June 17, 1818, it says: “Yesterday afternoon we were on the Trießnitz. There was no one there but two beautiful people with their companions, eight peasants and small and big family and a waffle boy who only looked friendly when I gave him a glass of beer. Very good Wöllnitzer was the only refreshment to be had upstairs, where otherwise coffee, wine, lemonade, health waters, cakes and other drinking and eating goods were available. Spirits of the divorced wavered around me: Fichte was talking to Steffens here, Loder and I looked after Fritz and Bertha, who liked to plop into the little trenches; here Caroline Paulus drove off like a boy, or we watched the whole little army of Hufelands, Paulus, Niethammers , Frommanns, Loders and whatever their names were, because everything drove and so the little family on the large lawn with theirs was diverted Guards. Schlegel Caroline Schelling was surprised if I didn't bother with the administration of the physical affairs because, although she was skilled at it, she preferred to live entirely in entertainment. You, the honest Berger , the shy, tough Fichte, the lawyer Hufeland, the best storyteller, and so many others - don't speak any more. "

Tomb of Johann Paul von Villers

The church historian Karl von Hase and the zoologist Ernst Haeckel were also among the visitors to Trießnitz ; The latter expressed himself in a letter dated August 22, 1858 to his future wife Anna Sethe : “At the Festhalle [the 300th anniversary of the University of Jena was celebrated ] we sat across the hall and then went across the fresh, juicy, with many scattered Trees and groups of bushes occupied meadows in an hour after the village of Winzerla. From there we climbed up into the Triesnitz, a lovely, cool mountain gorge rich in water and wood, with numerous fresh springs gushing out between its mossy rock debris and old trees. We drank coffee on one of the prettiest spots, from where you can look over the trees into the Saale valley ... "And Haeckel's son Walter later added:" Triesnitz is also mine, this once dreamiest spot of romanticism around Jena, vivid memories with its springs and white gazebos from the Biedermeier period. How often did we wander out there, too, how often and happily the mother talked about her youth when the Jenens professors and bourgeois daughters had amused themselves there in a blissful idyll. But this excursion was almost forgotten because the former inn was blessed with the times and the village of Göschwitz did not offer enough attractions to stop by. ”Not far from the Trießnitz, in the old churchyard in Winzerla, the tomb of the student who was killed in a pistol duel is a reminder. cam. Johann Paul v. Villers (born December 21, 1826 in Dresden, † January 31, 1848 in Winzerla) to one of their visitors; The opponent in this duel was a stud. oec. Friedrich Schulze from Celle.

literature

  • Adrian Beier : Geographus Jenensis ... Bauhoffer, Jena 1665.
  • Georg Friedrich Rebmann: Letters about Jena . Frankfurt and Leipzig 1793.
  • Johann Adolph Leopold Faselius: Latest description of the ducal Saxon residence and university city Jena, or historical, topographical, political and academic news and peculiarities of the same . Jena 1805, by Joh. Gottfr. Prager and Comp. and in commission of the academic bookshop.
  • The Frommann house and its friends . By F [riedrich] J [ohannes] Frommann. Third through an outline of FJ Frommann's life from the pen of Dr. Herm [ann] Frommann's increased edition. Stuttgart 1889 [here p. 152].
  • August Jäger : Felix Schnabel's University Years or The German Student. A contribution to the moral history of the nineteenth century. Stuttgart 1835, reprint initiated and provided with comments from the Burschicosen dictionary (Ragaz 1846) by Otto Julius Bierbaum, Berlin 1907.
  • Richard Keil and Robert Keil: History of Jena Student Life from the Foundation of the University to the Present (1548–1858.) A celebratory gift for the 300th anniversary of the University of Jena. Leipzig 1858. [Here especially p. 551, p. 554 pistol duel Schulze - Villers].
  • Walter Haeckel: Old Jena. Youth memories. Jena 1931.
  • Joachim H. Schultze (among others): JENA. Becoming, growing and developing the university and industrial city. Jena 1955.
  • Deutscher Kulturbund Jena (Ed.): "Du mein Jena". A home almanac from the middle Saale valley. Jena 1959 (p. 26 on Ernst Haeckel and the Triesnitz).
  • Jena - the dear foolish nest. A picture book from the time of Goethe and Schiller. With engravings by Christian Ludwig Hess. Introduction and explanations of the pictures revised by Ilse Knoll. Third revised edition. Jena 1969 (= writings of the Jena City Museum No. 8).
  • I praise my Jena. Letters and reports from five centuries compiled and introduced by Ilse Knoll. Jena 1975 (publications of the Jena City Museum No. 21).
  • Ilse Knoll: Jena - yesterday & today. From a foolish nest to a socialist city. With engravings by [Christian] Ludwig Heß and photos by Herbert Henschel. Jena 1977 ( writings of the Jena City Museum 22). [With one engraving: In der Trießnitz, around 1815, and a photo from the singers' meeting on the Trießnitz, around 1980, p. 84].
  • Harald Friedel: On Jena's hiking trails. 12 hiking routes around Jena. 2nd edition, Jena 1984 (jena information).
  • Wolfgang Lösch, Rainer Petzold, Frank Reinhold, Susanne Wiegand: Jena streets and alleys. Jena 1991 (jena information).
  • My first semester in Jena. Ottmar Rommel's diary entries from the winter of 1821/22 with pen drawings by Rudolf Beck. Edited and edited by Birgitt Hellmann and Petra Weigel. Jena: Municipal Museums 1991.
  • Gerhard Cosack, Reinhard Jonscher: From Ammerbach to Zwätze. From the history of the Jena suburbs. Jena 1995 (= series of the Jena City Archives No. 2).
  • I always liked the place. History and stories from Winzerla. Editor: Eberhard Warncke-Seithe, Winzerla district office; Editing of the texts: Dr. Reinhard Jonscher, Jena 2005. [Trießnitz pp. 43-46].
  • Traugott Keßler: About water pipeline construction in Burgau. In: Burgauer Almanach 2012. A publication of the local history group of the local association Burgau [2011], pp. 84–96.
  • Reinhard Jonscher: From Ammerbach to Zwätze. History of the Jena suburbs . Jena 2012 (= building blocks for Jena city history 15). ISBN 978-3-942176-21-7
  • Norbert Nail: A deadly pistol duel in 1848 on the Trießnitz in (Jena-) Winzerla. In: Studenten-Kurier 1–2 / 2019, pp. 12–17. https://norbert-nail.de/pistolenduell-1848-triessnitz-jena-winzerla.html

Web links

Commons : Trießnitz Landscape Protection Area  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "The Dörffer Burgau at the exit of the Trießnitz / Wintzerle brook with the same origin", A. Beier 1665, p. 278.
  2. ↑ See Schultze, Jena, p. 260.
  3. ↑ The above quotations are taken from the respective sub-volumes of the “Sophien-Ausgabe”.
  4. ^ Haeckel, Alt-Jena, p. 44.
  5. ↑ See also "Directory of Students" of the University of Jena from S.-S. 1847 u. W.-S. 1847/48
  6. ↑ [With one engraving: Area of ​​Burgau and Winzerla, p. 61, and a beautiful illustration of the Trießnitz grove].
  7. ↑ With a pen drawing by Rudolf Beck, 1840/45: Ascension Day on the Trießnitz, p. 48.
  8. ↑ With a route over the Trießnitz, p. 37.
  9. ↑ Ascension Day on the Triesnitz, p. 29.

Coordinates: 50 ° 53 '17.3 "  N , 11 ° 34' 53.5"  E