Tsing Ling Pika

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Tsing Ling Pika
Systematics
Subclass : Higher mammals (Eutheria)
Superordinate : Euarchontoglires
Order : Hare-like (Lagomorpha)
Family : Ochotonidae
Genre : Pika ( Ochotona )
Type : Tsing Ling Pika
Scientific name
Ochotona syrinx
Thomas , 1911

The Tsing-Ling-Pfeifhase ( Ochotona syrinx ) is a mammal from the family of the Pfeifhasen (Ochotonidae) within the hare-like (Lagomorpha). Its distribution area is in the area of ​​the Qin-Ling mountain range , the Hengduan Shan and the Daba Shan in the People's Republic of China .

features

The Tsing-Ling-Pfeifhase is a rather small pika with a body length of 13 to 27 centimeters and a weight of 60 to 110 grams. The rear foot length is 23 to 32 millimeters. In general appearance, the species largely corresponds to the Gansu-Pfeifhasen ( Ochotona cansus ) and the Moupin-Pfeifhasen ( Ochotona thibetana ). The back color is brown to reddish brown, partly interspersed with darker hair tips. The ventral side is ocher, the throat and chest are reddish brown. The winter coat is longer, softer and grayer in color than in the other seasons. The ears are small and rounded with an ear length of 15 to 26 millimeters, they are gray on the inside at the base and brownish in the upper area with a narrow white border.

The skull is small with a length of 32 to 37, a width of 16 to 20 and a height of 10 to 13 millimeters. The incisor window and the palate window merge and form another common skull window on the palate side. The tympanic bubbles are comparatively small. Compared to that of the Gansu-Pfeifhare and the Moupin-Pfeifhasen ( Ochotona thibetana ), the skull is wider and the top of the skull is very flat.

distribution

The Tsing-Ling-Pfeifhase lives in two subspecies in the Sichuan basin in the area of ​​the Qin-Ling mountain range , the Hengduan Shan and the Daba Shan in the People's Republic of China . He is over parts of the provinces of Sichuan , southern Gansu , Shaanxi , western Henan and western Hubei as well as in Qinghai .

Way of life

The habitat of the Tsing-Ling-Pfeifhasen is in mountain forests at altitudes of 1800 to 3100 meters. The animals are diurnal and dig their burrows in the ground, like other pipefishes they probably feed mainly on green parts of plants. The breeding season of the animals begins in spring and the young are born in May to September, from June to December adult young animals have been observed.

The species occurs sympathetically with the Gansu-Pfeifhasen in Qinghai and with the Moupin-Pfeifhasen in Sichuan, whereby the ecological separation of the species from one another is not yet clear.

Systematics

The Tsing-Ling-Pfeifhase is assigned as an independent species to the Pfeifhasen (genus Ochotona ) and the subgenus Ochotona . The first scientific description of the species comes from Oldfield Thomas from 1911, who already described it as Ochotona syrinx from the Taibai region in Shaanxi province. The Tsing-Ling-Pfeifhase was then for a long time regarded as a subspecies of the Moupin-Pfeifhasen ( Ochotona thibetana ) and later described as Ochotona huangensis as an independent species. Since no corresponding type material could be found and the description corresponded more to that of the Daurian pigeon hare ( Ochotona dahurica ), in which Ochotona daurica huangensis is now classified as a subspecies, Ochotona syrinx was later established as an independent species.

In 2013 it was re-established by Andrei Alexandrowitsch Lissowski on the basis of molecular biological data of the mitochondrial DNA in his revision of the whistle bunny system and in its processing in the Handbook of the Mammals of the World from 2016 and provisionally assigned to the subgenus Ochotona . A study from 2017, however, placed the Tsing Ling Pfeifhasen in a separate group within the Pfeifhasen and apart from established subgenus.

Together with the nominate form , a distinction is made between two subspecies:

  • Ochotona syrinx syrinx Thomas , 1911: nominate form; in most of the distribution area.
  • Ochotona syrinx xunhuaensis Shou Zhongcan & Feng Zuojian , 1984: Only in the area of ​​Xunhua County in Qinghai, China.

Hazard and protection

The species is classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) as not endangered ("least concern") due to the regular and frequent occurrence in its habitat. There are no data available on the populations of the species; possible risks that could endanger the population are unknown.

supporting documents

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i A.A. Lissovsky: Tsing-ling Pika - Ochotona syrinx. In: Don E. Wilson, TE Lacher, Jr., Russell A. Mittermeier (editors): Handbook of the Mammals of the World: Lagomorphs and Rodents 1. (HMW, Volume 6), Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2016; P. 48. ISBN 978-84-941892-3-4 .
  2. ↑ a b Ochotona mantchurica in the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN 2017-3. Posted by: Andrew T. Smith , A. Lissovsky, 2016. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
  3. ^ Andrey A. Lissovsky: Taxonomic revision of pikas Ochotona (Lagomorpha, Mammalia) at the species level. Mammalia 78 (2), 2013; Pp. 199-216. doi : 10.1515 / mammalia-2012-0134
  4. ↑ Narayan Prasad Koju, Kai Head, Mukesh Kumar Chalis, Chris Ray, Zhongzheng Chen, Bin Zhang, Tao Wan, Shunde Chen, Xuelong Jiang: Multilocus approaches reveal underestimated species diversity and inter-specific gene flow in pikas (Ochotona) from southwestern China . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 107, February 2017; Pp. 239-245. doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2016.11.005 .

literature

  • AA Lissovsky: Tsing-ling Pika - Ochotona syrinx. In: Don E. Wilson, TE Lacher, Jr., Russell A. Mittermeier (editors): Handbook of the Mammals of the World: Lagomorphs and Rodents 1. (HMW, Volume 6), Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2016; P. 48. ISBN 978-84-941892-3-4 .

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